01 Getting Started 开始

Getting Started 开始

Install the Go tools Test your installation Uninstalling Go Getting help

Download the Go distribution 下载go

Download GoClick here to visit the downloads page   点击这里欢迎来到go语言的下载页面

Official binary distributions are available for the FreeBSD (release 10-STABLE and above), Linux, macOS (10.10 and above), and Windows operating systems and the 32-bit (386) and 64-bit (amd64) x86 processor architectures.

官方二进制分布安装

If a binary distribution is not available for your combination of operating system and architecture, try installing from source or installing gccgo instead of gc.    如果二进制分发不可用于您的操作系统和体系结构的组合, 请尝试从源安装或安装 gccgo 而不是 gc。

System requirements  系统要求

Go binary distributions are available for these supported operating systems and architectures. Please ensure your system meets these requirements before proceeding. If your OS or architecture is not on the list, you may be able to install from source or use gccgo instead.

Operating system	Architectures	Notes
FreeBSD 10.3 or later	amd64, 386	Debian GNU/kFreeBSD not supported
Linux 2.6.23 or later with glibc	amd64, 386, arm, arm64, s390x, ppc64le	CentOS/RHEL 5.x not supported. Install from source for other libc.
macOS 10.10 or later	amd64	use the clang or gcc† that comes with Xcode‡ for cgo support
Windows 7, Server 2008R2 or later	amd64, 386	use MinGW gcc†. No need for cygwin or msys.

^†A C compiler is required only if you plan to use cgo.
^‡You only need to install the command line tools for Xcode. If you have already installed Xcode 4.3+, you can install it from the Components tab of the Downloads preferences panel.

Install the Go tools  go语言工具安装

If you are upgrading from an older version of Go you must first remove the existing version.

如果从go语言旧版本更新到go语言新的版本，你必须先卸载存在的版本

Linux, macOS, and FreeBSD tarballs

Download the archive and extract it into /usr/local, creating a Go tree in /usr/local/go. For example:

tar -C /usr/local -xzf go$VERSION.$OS-$ARCH.tar.gz

Choose the archive file appropriate for your installation. For instance, if you are installing Go version 1.2.1 for 64-bit x86 on Linux, the archive you want is called go1.2.1.linux-amd64.tar.gz.

(Typically these commands must be run as root or through sudo.)

Add /usr/local/go/bin to the PATH environment variable. You can do this by adding this line to your /etc/profile (for a system-wide installation) or $HOME/.profile:

export PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/go/bin

Note: changes made to a profile file may not apply until the next time you log into your computer. To apply the changes immediately, just run the shell commands directly or execute them from the profile using a command such as source $HOME/.profile.

 

macOS package installer

Download the package file, open it, and follow the prompts to install the Go tools. The package installs the Go distribution to /usr/local/go.

The package should put the /usr/local/go/bin directory in your PATH environment variable. You may need to restart any open Terminal sessions for the change to take effect.

Windows

The Go project provides two installation options for Windows users (besides installing from source): a zip archive that requires you to set some environment variables and an MSI installer that configures your installation automatically.

MSI installer

Open the MSI file and follow the prompts to install the Go tools. By default, the installer puts the Go distribution in c:\Go.

The installer should put the c:\Go\bin directory in your PATH environment variable. You may need to restart any open command prompts for the change to take effect.

Zip archive

Download the zip file and extract it into the directory of your choice (we suggest c:\Go).

If you chose a directory other than c:\Go, you must set the GOROOT environment variable to your chosen path.

Add the bin subdirectory of your Go root (for example, c:\Go\bin) to your PATH environment variable.

Setting environment variables under Windows

Under Windows, you may set environment variables through the "Environment Variables" button on the "Advanced" tab of the "System" control panel. Some versions of Windows provide this control panel through the "Advanced System Settings" option inside the "System" control panel.

Test your installation 测试你是否安装成功

Check that Go is installed correctly by setting up a workspace and building a simple program, as follows.

Create your workspace directory, $HOME/go. (If you'd like to use a different directory, you will need to set the GOPATH environment variable.)

Next, make the directory src/hello inside your workspace, and in that directory create a file named hello.gothat looks like:

package main

import "fmt"

func main() {
	fmt.Printf("hello, world\n")
}

Then build it with the go tool:

$ cd $HOME/go/src/hello
$ go build

The command above will build an executable named hello in the directory alongside your source code. Execute it to see the greeting:

$ ./hello
hello, world

If you see the "hello, world" message then your Go installation is working.

You can run go install to install the binary into your workspace's bin directory or go clean -i to remove it.

Before rushing off to write Go code please read the How to Write Go Code document, which describes some essential concepts about using the Go tools.

Uninstalling Go 卸载go

To remove an existing Go installation from your system delete the go directory. This is usually /usr/local/gounder Linux, macOS, and FreeBSD or c:\Go under Windows.

You should also remove the Go bin directory from your PATH environment variable. Under Linux and FreeBSD you should edit /etc/profile or $HOME/.profile. If you installed Go with the macOS package then you should remove the /etc/paths.d/go file. Windows users should read the section about setting environment variables under Windows.

Getting help  获得帮助

For help, see the list of Go mailing lists, forums, and places to chat.

Report bugs either by running “go bug”, or manually at the Go issue tracker.