Elasticsearch 数据查询
数据准备：
PUT /shop
{
"settings": {
"number_of_shards": 3,
"number_of_replicas": 2
}
} PUT /shop/_mapping/goods
{
"properties": {
"title": {
"type": "text",
"analyzer": "ik_max_word"
},
"price": {
"type": "float"
},
"stock": {
"type": "integer"
}
}
} POST /shop/goods/_bulk
{"index":{}}
{"title": "小米8 全面屏游戏智能手机 6GB+64GB 黑色 全网通4G 双卡双待","price": 2299.00,"stock": 8800}
{"index":{}}
{"title": "OPPO Find X曲面全景屏 波尔多红 8GB+128GB 全网通 移动联通电信全网通4G 双卡双待手机","price": 4999.00,"stock": 5600}
{"index":{}}
{"title": "联想(Lenovo)拯救者Y7000P英特尔酷睿 i7 15.6英寸游戏笔记本电脑(i7-8750H 8G 512G SSD GTX1060 144Hz黑)","price": 8599.00,"stock": 1900}
{"index":{}}
{"title": "TP-LINK TL-WDR5620 1200M 5G双频智能无线路由器 四天线智能wifi 稳定穿墙高速家用路由器","price": 109.00,"stock": 9970}
一、基本查询
语法：
GET /索引库名/_search
{
"query": {
"查询类型": {
"查询条件": "查询条件值"
}
}
}
查询类型：match_all，match，term，range，fuzzy，bool 等等
查询条件：查询条件会根据类型的不同，写法也有差异
1.1 查询所有（match_all）
查询指令：
GET /shop/_search
{
"query": {
"match_all": {}
}
}
查询结果：
{
"took": 13,
"timed_out": false,
"_shards": {
"total": 3,
"successful": 3,
"skipped": 0,
"failed": 0
},
"hits": {
"total": 4,
"max_score": 1,
"hits": [
{
"_index": "shop",
"_type": "goods",
"_id": "P4EGtmgBBdkQnU_d8b7I",
"_score": 1,
"_source": {
"title": "联想(Lenovo)拯救者Y7000P英特尔酷睿 i7 15.6英寸游戏笔记本电脑(i7-8750H 8G 512G SSD GTX1060 144Hz黑)",
"price": 8599,
"stock": 1900
}
},
{
"_index": "shop",
"_type": "goods",
"_id": "QIEGtmgBBdkQnU_d-r6T",
"_score": 1,
"_source": {
"title": "TP-LINK TL-WDR5620 1200M 5G双频智能无线路由器 四天线智能wifi 稳定穿墙高速家用路由器",
"price": 109,
"stock": 9970
}
},
{
"_index": "shop",
"_type": "goods",
"_id": "PYEGtmgBBdkQnU_d4b4m",
"_score": 1,
"_source": {
"title": "小米8 全面屏游戏智能手机 6GB+64GB 黑色 全网通4G 双卡双待",
"price": 2299,
"stock": 8800
}
},
{
"_index": "shop",
"_type": "goods",
"_id": "PoEGtmgBBdkQnU_d6b4Q",
"_score": 1,
"_source": {
"title": "OPPO Find X曲面全景屏 波尔多红 8GB+128GB 全网通 移动联通电信全网通4G 双卡双待手机",
"price": 4999,
"stock": 5600
}
}
]
}
}
对查询结果进行分页
GET /shop/_search
{
"query": {
"match_all": {}
},
"from": 1,
"size": 2
}
1.2 匹配查询（match）
or 关系：会把查询条件进行分词，然后进行查询，多个词条之间是or的关系
查询指令：
GET /shop/_search
{
"query": {
"match": {
"title": {
"query": "小米手机",
"operator": "or"
}
}
}
}
查询结果：
{
"took": 3,
"timed_out": false,
"_shards": {
"total": 3,
"successful": 3,
"skipped": 0,
"failed": 0
},
"hits": {
"total": 2,
"max_score": 1.6051829,
"hits": [
{
"_index": "demo",
"_type": "goods",
"_id": "MIHNs2gBBdkQnU_d_r6o",
"_score": 1.6051829,
"_source": {
"title": "华为手机",
"price": "2199.00"
}
},
{
"_index": "demo",
"_type": "goods",
"_id": "LYHJs2gBBdkQnU_dt75n",
"_score": 0.2876821,
"_source": {
"title": "小米手机",
"price": "1699.00"
}
}
]
}
}
and关系：会把查询条件进行分词，然后进行查询,多个词条之间是and的关系
查询指令：
GET /shop/_search
{
"query": {
"match": {
"title": {
"query": "小米手机",
"operator": "and"
}
}
}
}
查询结果：
{
"took": 10,
"timed_out": false,
"_shards": {
"total": 3,
"successful": 3,
"skipped": 0,
"failed": 0
},
"hits": {
"total": 1,
"max_score": 0.92355466,
"hits": [
{
"_index": "shop",
"_type": "goods",
"_id": "PYEGtmgBBdkQnU_d4b4m",
"_score": 0.92355466,
"_source": {
"title": "小米8 全面屏游戏智能手机 6GB+64GB 黑色 全网通4G 双卡双待",
"price": 2299,
"stock": 8800
}
}
]
}
}
1.3 词条查询
单值查询（term）
查询指令：
GET /shop/_search
{
"query": {
"term": {
"price": 109.00
}
}
}
查询结果：
{
"took": 3,
"timed_out": false,
"_shards": {
"total": 3,
"successful": 3,
"skipped": 0,
"failed": 0
},
"hits": {
"total": 1,
"max_score": 1,
"hits": [
{
"_index": "shop",
"_type": "goods",
"_id": "QIEGtmgBBdkQnU_d-r6T",
"_score": 1,
"_source": {
"title": "TP-LINK TL-WDR5620 1200M 5G双频智能无线路由器 四天线智能wifi 稳定穿墙高速家用路由器",
"price": 109,
"stock": 9970
}
}
]
}
}
多值查询（terms）
查询指令：
GET /shop/_search
{
"query": {
"terms": {
"price": [8599.00,109.00]
}
}
}
查询结果：
{
"took": 15,
"timed_out": false,
"_shards": {
"total": 3,
"successful": 3,
"skipped": 0,
"failed": 0
},
"hits": {
"total": 2,
"max_score": 1,
"hits": [
{
"_index": "shop",
"_type": "goods",
"_id": "P4EGtmgBBdkQnU_d8b7I",
"_score": 1,
"_source": {
"title": "联想(Lenovo)拯救者Y7000P英特尔酷睿 i7 15.6英寸游戏笔记本电脑(i7-8750H 8G 512G SSD GTX1060 144Hz黑)",
"price": 8599,
"stock": 1900
}
},
{
"_index": "shop",
"_type": "goods",
"_id": "QIEGtmgBBdkQnU_d-r6T",
"_score": 1,
"_source": {
"title": "TP-LINK TL-WDR5620 1200M 5G双频智能无线路由器 四天线智能wifi 稳定穿墙高速家用路由器",
"price": 109,
"stock": 9970
}
}
]
}
}
二、结果过滤
默认情况下，elasticsearch在搜索的结果中，会把文档中保存在 _source 的所有字段都返回。
如果我们只想获取其中的部分字段，我们可以添加 _source 字段进行过滤
2.1 包含字段查询（includes）
查询指令：
GET /shop/_search
{
"query": {
"match_all": {}
},
"_source": {
"includes": ["title","price"]
}
}
查询结果：
{
"took": 4,
"timed_out": false,
"_shards": {
"total": 3,
"successful": 3,
"skipped": 0,
"failed": 0
},
"hits": {
"total": 4,
"max_score": 1,
"hits": [
{
"_index": "shop",
"_type": "goods",
"_id": "P4EGtmgBBdkQnU_d8b7I",
"_score": 1,
"_source": {
"price": 8599,
"title": "联想(Lenovo)拯救者Y7000P英特尔酷睿 i7 15.6英寸游戏笔记本电脑(i7-8750H 8G 512G SSD GTX1060 144Hz黑)"
}
},
{
"_index": "shop",
"_type": "goods",
"_id": "QIEGtmgBBdkQnU_d-r6T",
"_score": 1,
"_source": {
"price": 109,
"title": "TP-LINK TL-WDR5620 1200M 5G双频智能无线路由器 四天线智能wifi 稳定穿墙高速家用路由器"
}
},
{
"_index": "shop",
"_type": "goods",
"_id": "PYEGtmgBBdkQnU_d4b4m",
"_score": 1,
"_source": {
"price": 2299,
"title": "小米8 全面屏游戏智能手机 6GB+64GB 黑色 全网通4G 双卡双待"
}
},
{
"_index": "shop",
"_type": "goods",
"_id": "PoEGtmgBBdkQnU_d6b4Q",
"_score": 1,
"_source": {
"price": 4999,
"title": "OPPO Find X曲面全景屏 波尔多红 8GB+128GB 全网通 移动联通电信全网通4G 双卡双待手机"
}
}
]
}
}
2.2 排除字段查询（excludes）
查询指令
GET /shop/_search
{
"query": {
"match_all": {}
},
"_source": {
"excludes": "price"
}
}
查询结果：
{
"took": 3,
"timed_out": false,
"_shards": {
"total": 3,
"successful": 3,
"skipped": 0,
"failed": 0
},
"hits": {
"total": 4,
"max_score": 1,
"hits": [
{
"_index": "shop",
"_type": "goods",
"_id": "P4EGtmgBBdkQnU_d8b7I",
"_score": 1,
"_source": {
"title": "联想(Lenovo)拯救者Y7000P英特尔酷睿 i7 15.6英寸游戏笔记本电脑(i7-8750H 8G 512G SSD GTX1060 144Hz黑)",
"stock": 1900
}
},
{
"_index": "shop",
"_type": "goods",
"_id": "QIEGtmgBBdkQnU_d-r6T",
"_score": 1,
"_source": {
"title": "TP-LINK TL-WDR5620 1200M 5G双频智能无线路由器 四天线智能wifi 稳定穿墙高速家用路由器",
"stock": 9970
}
},
{
"_index": "shop",
"_type": "goods",
"_id": "PYEGtmgBBdkQnU_d4b4m",
"_score": 1,
"_source": {
"title": "小米8 全面屏游戏智能手机 6GB+64GB 黑色 全网通4G 双卡双待",
"stock": 8800
}
},
{
"_index": "shop",
"_type": "goods",
"_id": "PoEGtmgBBdkQnU_d6b4Q",
"_score": 1,
"_source": {
"title": "OPPO Find X曲面全景屏 波尔多红 8GB+128GB 全网通 移动联通电信全网通4G 双卡双待手机",
"stock": 5600
}
}
]
}
}
三、高级查询
3.1 范围查询（range）
查询找出那些落在指定区间内的数字或者时间
查询指令：
GET /shop/_search
{
"query": {
"range": {
"price": {
"gte": 2000,
"lte": 5000
}
}
}
}
查询结果：
{
"took": 3,
"timed_out": false,
"_shards": {
"total": 3,
"successful": 3,
"skipped": 0,
"failed": 0
},
"hits": {
"total": 2,
"max_score": 1,
"hits": [
{
"_index": "shop",
"_type": "goods",
"_id": "PYEGtmgBBdkQnU_d4b4m",
"_score": 1,
"_source": {
"title": "小米8 全面屏游戏智能手机 6GB+64GB 黑色 全网通4G 双卡双待",
"price": 2299,
"stock": 8800
}
},
{
"_index": "shop",
"_type": "goods",
"_id": "PoEGtmgBBdkQnU_d6b4Q",
"_score": 1,
"_source": {
"title": "OPPO Find X曲面全景屏 波尔多红 8GB+128GB 全网通 移动联通电信全网通4G 双卡双待手机",
"price": 4999,
"stock": 5600
}
}
]
}
}
range查询允许以下操作符
3.2 布尔查询（bool）
bool把各种其它查询通过must（与）、must_not（非）、should（或）的方式进行组合
查询指令：
GET /shop/_search
{
"query": {
"bool": {
"should": [
{
"match": {
"title": "笔记本"
}
},
{
"term": {
"price": 109.00
}
}
]
}
}
}
查询结果：
{
"took": 15,
"timed_out": false,
"_shards": {
"total": 3,
"successful": 3,
"skipped": 0,
"failed": 0
},
"hits": {
"total": 2,
"max_score": 1.9646256,
"hits": [
{
"_index": "shop",
"_type": "goods",
"_id": "P4EGtmgBBdkQnU_d8b7I",
"_score": 1.9646256,
"_source": {
"title": "联想(Lenovo)拯救者Y7000P英特尔酷睿 i7 15.6英寸游戏笔记本电脑(i7-8750H 8G 512G SSD GTX1060 144Hz黑)",
"price": 8599,
"stock": 1900
}
},
{
"_index": "shop",
"_type": "goods",
"_id": "QIEGtmgBBdkQnU_d-r6T",
"_score": 1,
"_source": {
"title": "TP-LINK TL-WDR5620 1200M 5G双频智能无线路由器 四天线智能wifi 稳定穿墙高速家用路由器",
"price": 109,
"stock": 9970
}
}
]
}
}
四、过滤查询
所有的查询都会影响到文档的评分及排名。如果我们需要在查询结果中进行过滤，并且不希望过滤条件影响评分，
那么就不要把过滤条件作为查询条件来用，而是使用filter方式。
查询指令：
GET /shop/_search
{
"query": {
"bool": {
"must": [
{
"match": {
"title": "手机"
}
}
],
"filter": {
"range": {
"price": {
"gt": 3000
}
}
}
}
}
}
查询结果：
{
"took": 5,
"timed_out": false,
"_shards": {
"total": 3,
"successful": 3,
"skipped": 0,
"failed": 0
},
"hits": {
"total": 1,
"max_score": 0.17329858,
"hits": [
{
"_index": "shop",
"_type": "goods",
"_id": "PoEGtmgBBdkQnU_d6b4Q",
"_score": 0.17329858,
"_source": {
"title": "OPPO Find X曲面全景屏 波尔多红 8GB+128GB 全网通 移动联通电信全网通4G 双卡双待手机",
"price": 4999,
"stock": 5600
}
}
]
}
}
注意：filter中还可以再次进行bool组合条件过滤。
五、排序查询
sort 可以让我们按照不同的字段进行排序，并且通过order指定排序的方式。
查询指令：
GET /shop/_search
{
"query": {
"match_all": {}
},
"sort": [
{
"price": {
"order": "desc"
}
}
]
}
查询结果：
{
"took": 55,
"timed_out": false,
"_shards": {
"total": 3,
"successful": 3,
"skipped": 0,
"failed": 0
},
"hits": {
"total": 4,
"max_score": null,
"hits": [
{
"_index": "shop",
"_type": "goods",
"_id": "P4EGtmgBBdkQnU_d8b7I",
"_score": null,
"_source": {
"title": "联想(Lenovo)拯救者Y7000P英特尔酷睿 i7 15.6英寸游戏笔记本电脑(i7-8750H 8G 512G SSD GTX1060 144Hz黑)",
"price": 8599,
"stock": 1900
},
"sort": [
8599
]
},
{
"_index": "shop",
"_type": "goods",
"_id": "PoEGtmgBBdkQnU_d6b4Q",
"_score": null,
"_source": {
"title": "OPPO Find X曲面全景屏 波尔多红 8GB+128GB 全网通 移动联通电信全网通4G 双卡双待手机",
"price": 4999,
"stock": 5600
},
"sort": [
4999
]
},
{
"_index": "shop",
"_type": "goods",
"_id": "PYEGtmgBBdkQnU_d4b4m",
"_score": null,
"_source": {
"title": "小米8 全面屏游戏智能手机 6GB+64GB 黑色 全网通4G 双卡双待",
"price": 2299,
"stock": 8800
},
"sort": [
2299
]
},
{
"_index": "shop",
"_type": "goods",
"_id": "QIEGtmgBBdkQnU_d-r6T",
"_score": null,
"_source": {
"title": "TP-LINK TL-WDR5620 1200M 5G双频智能无线路由器 四天线智能wifi 稳定穿墙高速家用路由器",
"price": 109,
"stock": 9970
},
"sort": [
109
]
}
]
}
}
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