人工智能-动物识别专家系统算法Python + Pyqt 实现

一、基础知识库

有毛发 哺乳动物 -
有奶 哺乳动物 -
有羽毛 鸟 -
会飞 会下蛋 鸟 -
吃肉 食肉动物 -
有犬齿 有爪 眼盯前方 食肉动物 -
哺乳动物 有蹄 有蹄类动物 -
哺乳动物 反刍动物 有蹄类动物 -
哺乳动物 食肉动物 黄褐色 身上有暗斑点 金钱豹 *
哺乳动物 食肉动物 黄褐色 身上有黑色条纹 虎 *
有蹄类动物 长脖子 有长腿 身上有暗斑点 长颈鹿 *
有蹄类动物 身上有黑色条纹 斑马 *
鸟 长脖子 有长腿 不会飞 有黑白二色 鸵鸟 *
鸟 会游泳 不会飞 有黑白二色 企鹅 *
鸟 善飞 信天翁 *

最后一个字符为 - 表示结论为中间结果  为 * 表示为一种动物

二、QT界面 源码

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-

# Form implementation generated from reading ui file '动物识别专家系统.ui'
#
# Created by: PyQt5 UI code generator 5.9.2
#
# WARNING! All changes made in this file will be lost!

from PyQt5 import QtCore, QtGui, QtWidgets
from PyQt5.QtGui import QFont
class Ui_Animals(object):
    def setupUi(self, Animals):
        Animals.setObjectName("Animals")
        Animals.resize(1127, 710)
        Animals.setAutoFillBackground(True)
        self.TL = QtWidgets.QTextEdit(Animals)
        self.TL.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(670, 200, 251, 211))
        self.TL.setObjectName("TL")
        self.input = QtWidgets.QTextEdit(Animals)
        self.input.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(240, 100, 151, 321))
        self.input.setAutoFillBackground(False)
        self.input.setObjectName("input")
        self.result = QtWidgets.QTextEdit(Animals)
        self.result.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(670, 100, 251, 51))
        self.result.setObjectName("result")
        self.result.setReadOnly(True)
        self.input_lable = QtWidgets.QLabel(Animals)
        self.input_lable.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(100, 80, 141, 41))
        self.input_lable.setObjectName("input_lable")
        self.input_lable.setFont(QFont("Roman times", 10, QFont.Bold))
        self.TL_label = QtWidgets.QLabel(Animals)
        self.TL_label.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(750, 150, 101, 61))
        self.TL_label.setObjectName("TL_label")
        self.TL_label.setFont(QFont("Roman times", 10, QFont.Bold))
        self.result_label = QtWidgets.QLabel(Animals)
        self.result_label.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(750, 70, 111, 31))
        self.result_label.setObjectName("result_label")
        self.result_label.setFont(QFont("Roman times", 10, QFont.Bold))
        self.scrollArea = QtWidgets.QScrollArea(Animals)
        self.scrollArea.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(90, 120, 141, 20))
        self.scrollArea.setWidgetResizable(True)
        self.scrollArea.setObjectName("scrollArea")
        self.scrollAreaWidgetContents = QtWidgets.QWidget()
        self.scrollAreaWidgetContents.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(0, 0, 139, 18))
        self.scrollAreaWidgetContents.setObjectName("scrollAreaWidgetContents")
        self.comboBox = QtWidgets.QComboBox(self.scrollAreaWidgetContents)
        self.comboBox.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(0, 0, 141, 21))
        self.comboBox.setObjectName("comboBox")
        self.scrollArea.setWidget(self.scrollAreaWidgetContents)
        self.pushButton = QtWidgets.QPushButton(Animals)
        self.pushButton.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(500, 240, 93, 28))
        self.pushButton.setObjectName("pushButton")
        self.pushButton.setFont(QFont("Roman times", 10, QFont.Bold))
        self.checkBox = QtWidgets.QCheckBox(Animals)
        self.checkBox.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(500, 190, 91, 19))
        self.checkBox.setObjectName("checkBox")
        self.checkBox.setFont(QFont("Roman times", 10, QFont.Bold))
        self.pushButton_2 = QtWidgets.QPushButton(Animals)
        self.pushButton_2.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(10, 120, 61, 21))
        self.pushButton_2.setObjectName("pushButton_2")
        self.pushButton_2.setFont(QFont("Roman times", 10, QFont.Bold))
        self.pushButton_3 = QtWidgets.QPushButton(Animals)
        self.pushButton_3.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(500, 300, 91, 31))
        self.pushButton_3.setObjectName("pushButton_3")
        self.pushButton_3.setFont(QFont("Roman times", 10, QFont.Bold))

        self.retranslateUi(Animals)
        self.pushButton.clicked.connect(Animals.test)
        self.comboBox.activated['int'].connect(Animals.selectChange)
        self.checkBox.stateChanged['int'].connect(Animals.checkChange)
        self.pushButton_2.clicked.connect(Animals.selectInit)
        self.pushButton_3.clicked.connect(Animals.rules)
        QtCore.QMetaObject.connectSlotsByName(Animals)

    def retranslateUi(self, Animals):
        _translate = QtCore.QCoreApplication.translate
        Animals.setWindowTitle(_translate("Animals", "Form"))
        self.input_lable.setText(_translate("Animals", "请输入已知事实"))
        self.TL_label.setText(_translate("Animals", "推理过程"))
        self.result_label.setText(_translate("Animals", "专家分析结果"))
        self.pushButton.setText(_translate("Animals", "推理"))
        self.checkBox.setText(_translate("Animals", "反向推理"))
        self.pushButton_2.setText(_translate("Animals", "初始化"))
        self.pushButton_3.setText(_translate("Animals", "修改规则库"))

三、后端处理 Python源码

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-

# Form implementation generated from reading ui file 'animal.py'
#
# Created by: PyQt5 UI code generator 5.9.2
#
# WARNING! All changes made in this file will be lost!
from 动物识别专家系统 import Ui_Animals
from PyQt5 import QtWidgets
from PyQt5 import  QtGui
import sys
import os
import tkinter
from tkinter import messagebox

def IsEvidence(x):
    for i in mywindow.fact:
        if x == i[-2]:
            return False
    return True

def getData(x):
    data = []
    for i in mywindow.fact:
        tr = []
        if x == i[-2]:
            for j in range(0, len(i) - 1):
                tr.append(i[j])
            data.append(tr)
    return data

def backs(data):
    c = 0
    flag = False
    for i in data:
        d = "if "
        for s in range(0, len(i)):
            if s == len(i)-2:
                d = d + str(i[s]) + " then "
            else:
                d = d + str(i[s]) + " "
        window.TL.append(d)
        for j in range(0, len(i) - 1):
            if (IsEvidence(i[j])):
                root = tkinter.Tk()
                root.withdraw()
                a= messagebox.askquestion("提示", i[j]+"吗")
                #print(i[j] + "吗?")
                #r = input()
                print(a)
                if a == "yes":
                    c = c + 1
            else:
                temp = getData(i[j])
                if (backs(temp)):
                    c = c + 1
        if c >= i.__len__() - 1:
            flag = True
            print(i[-1])
            print("验证成功")
            break
        else:
            flag = False
            print(i[-1])
            print("验证失败")
    if (flag):
        return True
    else:
        return False

class  mywindow(QtWidgets.QWidget,Ui_Animals):
    fact = []
    conditions = set("")
    res = set("")
    def __init__(self):
        super(mywindow, self).__init__()

        f = open("rules.txt", "r")
        for line in f:
            ls = line.strip('\n').split(" ")
            mywindow.fact.append(ls)
        f.close()
        for i in mywindow.fact:
            for j in range(0,len(i)-2):
                mywindow.conditions.add(i[j])
            mywindow.res.add(i[-2])
        self.setupUi(self)

    def resizeEvent(self, event):
        palette = QtGui.QPalette()
        pix = QtGui.QPixmap('images/3.jpg')
        pix = pix.scaled(self.width(), self.height())
        palette.setBrush(QtGui.QPalette.Background, QtGui.QBrush(pix))
        self.setPalette(palette)
    def test(self):
        if self.checkBox.isChecked():#逆向推理
            i = self.comboBox.currentIndex()
            s = self.comboBox.itemText(i)
            print(s)
            data=getData(s)
            print(data)
            if (backs(data)):
                root = tkinter.Tk()
                root.withdraw()
                a = messagebox.showinfo("提示", "该动物是" + data[0][-1])
                self.result.setText("专家分析该动物是"+data[0][-1])
            else:
                root = tkinter.Tk()
                root.withdraw()
                self.result.setText("专家分析该动物不是" + data[0][-1])
                a = messagebox.showinfo("提示", "该动物不是" + data[0][-1])
        else: #正向推理
            s= self.input.toPlainText()
            tl =""
            description = s.split("\n")
            print("des")
            print(description)
            line = 0
            for i in mywindow.fact:
                same = 0
                for j in range(0, len(i)):
                    if j >= len(i) - 2:
                        break
                    for k in range(0, len(description)):
                        if i[j] == description[k]:
                            same = same + 1
                            break
                    if k == len(description):
                        break

                if same == i.__len__() - 2:
                    print("same=i")
                    line = 1
                    if i[-1] == "*":  # 是结论
                        d = "if "
                        for s in range(0,len(i)-1) :
                            if s == len(i)-3:
                                d=d+str(i[s])+" then "
                            else:
                                d=d+str(i[s])+" "
                        tl = tl + d + "\n"
                        self.TL.setText(tl)
                        self.result.setText("专家分析该动物是"+i[-2])
                        print(i[-2])
                    else:
                        line = 1
                        d = "if "
                        for s in range(0, len(i) - 1):
                            if s == len(i) - 3:
                                d = d + str(i[s]) + " then "
                            else:
                                d = d + str(i[s]) + " "
                        tl = tl + d +"\n"
                        self.TL.setText(tl)
                        self.result.setText("专家也不知道具体是什么动物，大概率推测是"+i[-2])
                        # print(i[-1])
                        description.append(i[-2])
            if line ==0:
                self.result.setText("专家也不知道具体是什么动物")

    def selectInit(self):
        mywindow.fact.clear()
        mywindow.conditions.clear()
        mywindow.res.clear()
        f = open("rules.txt", "r")
        for line in f:
            ls = line.strip('\n').split(" ")
            mywindow.fact.append(ls)
        f.close()
        for i in mywindow.fact:
            for j in range(0, len(i) - 2):
                mywindow.conditions.add(i[j])
            mywindow.res.add(i[-2])
        self.comboBox.clear()
        self.input.clear()
        self.result.clear()
        self.TL.clear()
        if(self.checkBox.isChecked()):
            for x in mywindow.res:
                self.comboBox.addItem(str(x))
        else:
            for x in mywindow.conditions:
                self.comboBox.addItem(str(x))
    def selectChange(self):
        if self.checkBox.isChecked():
            self.input.clear()
            i = self.comboBox.currentIndex()
            s = self.comboBox.itemText(i)
            self.input.append(s)
        else:
            i = self.comboBox.currentIndex()
            s = self.comboBox.itemText(i)
            self.input.append(s)
    def checkChange(self):
        self.comboBox.clear()
        if self.checkBox.isChecked():
            for x in mywindow.res:
                self.comboBox.addItem(str(x))
        else:
            for x in mywindow.conditions:
                self.comboBox.addItem(str(x))

    def rules(self):
        os.startfile('rules.txt')

app = QtWidgets.QApplication(sys.argv)
window = mywindow()
window.show()
sys.exit(app.exec_())