helm使用

helm

0. helm安装

基本上到github上面，下载二进制就行。mac的话用brew安装。

https://github.com/helm/helm

brew:
brew install kubernetes-helm

1. helm基本操作

helm create xx 创建一个chart
helm install chartxx 安装
helm uninstall chartxx 卸载
helm upgrade chartxx  更新
helm template 渲染
helm list 列出已经deploy的应用

v3版本以后使用很方便，不需要repo的操作了，kubeconfig 有了就能用。需要注意先指定kubeconfig的环境变量。或者放到~/.kube/config。

2. helm init (v3已经不需要了)

helm init --upgrade --tiller-image registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/google_containers/tiller:v2.9.1 --stable-repo-url https://kubernetes.oss-cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/charts

将tiller的版本换了。kube-system应该会有tiller-deploy的deployment，启动就ok。

# kubectl get deployments.apps  -n kube-system
NAME                      READY   UP-TO-DATE   AVAILABLE   AGE
calico-kube-controllers   1/1     1            1           6d8h
coredns                   2/2     2            2           6d8h
tiller-deploy             1/1     1            1           2d19h

添加serviceaccount,clusterrolebinding:

kubectl create serviceaccount --namespace kube-system tiller
kubectl create clusterrolebinding tiller-cluster-rule --clusterrole=cluster-admin --serviceaccount=kube-system:tiller

kubectl patch deploy --namespace kube-system tiller-deploy -p '{"spec":{"template":{"spec":{"serviceAccount":"tiller"}}}}'

卸载helm :
helm reset

3. chart 包制作

helm create

#helm create qymapp
#ls qymapp
charts  Chart.yaml  templates  values.yaml

修改相应文件,打包chart

4. chart 使用

helm install --dry-run --debug <chart_dir> --name <release_name>

# helm install  --debug local/qymapp --name qym-test
[debug] Created tunnel using local port: '42233'

[debug] SERVER: "127.0.0.1:42233"

[debug] Original chart version: ""
[debug] Fetched local/qymapp to /root/.helm/cache/archive/qymapp-0.1.0.tgz

[debug] CHART PATH: /root/.helm/cache/archive/qymapp-0.1.0.tgz

NAME:   qym-test
REVISION: 1
RELEASED: Wed Oct 23 16:54:34 2019
CHART: qymapp-0.1.0
USER-SUPPLIED VALUES:
{}

COMPUTED VALUES:
affinity: {}
fullnameOverride: ""
image:
  pullPolicy: IfNotPresent
  repository: nginx
  tag: stable
imagePullSecrets: []
ingress:
  annotations: {}
  enabled: false
  hosts:
  - host: chart-example.local
    paths: []
  tls: []
nameOverride: ""
nodeSelector: {}
podSecurityContext: {}
replicaCount: 1
resources: {}
securityContext: {}
service:
  port: 80
  type: ClusterIP
serviceAccount:
  create: true
  name: null
tolerations: []

HOOKS:
---
# qym-test-qymapp-test-connection
apiVersion: v1
kind: Pod
metadata:
  name: "qym-test-qymapp-test-connection"
  labels:
    app.kubernetes.io/name: qymapp
    helm.sh/chart: qymapp-0.1.0
    app.kubernetes.io/instance: qym-test
    app.kubernetes.io/version: "1.0"
    app.kubernetes.io/managed-by: Tiller
  annotations:
    "helm.sh/hook": test-success
spec:
  containers:
    - name: wget
      image: busybox
      command: ['wget']
      args:  ['qym-test-qymapp:80']
  restartPolicy: Never
MANIFEST:

---
# Source: qymapp/templates/serviceaccount.yaml
apiVersion: v1
kind: ServiceAccount
metadata:
  name: qym-test-qymapp
  labels:
    app.kubernetes.io/name: qymapp
    helm.sh/chart: qymapp-0.1.0
    app.kubernetes.io/instance: qym-test
    app.kubernetes.io/version: "1.0"
    app.kubernetes.io/managed-by: Tiller
---
# Source: qymapp/templates/service.yaml
apiVersion: v1
kind: Service
metadata:
  name: qym-test-qymapp
  labels:
    app.kubernetes.io/name: qymapp
    helm.sh/chart: qymapp-0.1.0
    app.kubernetes.io/instance: qym-test
    app.kubernetes.io/version: "1.0"
    app.kubernetes.io/managed-by: Tiller
spec:
  type: ClusterIP
  ports:
    - port: 80
      targetPort: http
      protocol: TCP
      name: http
  selector:
    app.kubernetes.io/name: qymapp
    app.kubernetes.io/instance: qym-test
---
# Source: qymapp/templates/deployment.yaml
apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: Deployment
metadata:
  name: qym-test-qymapp
  labels:
    app.kubernetes.io/name: qymapp
    helm.sh/chart: qymapp-0.1.0
    app.kubernetes.io/instance: qym-test
    app.kubernetes.io/version: "1.0"
    app.kubernetes.io/managed-by: Tiller
spec:
  replicas: 1
  selector:
    matchLabels:
      app.kubernetes.io/name: qymapp
      app.kubernetes.io/instance: qym-test
  template:
    metadata:
      labels:
        app.kubernetes.io/name: qymapp
        app.kubernetes.io/instance: qym-test
    spec:
      serviceAccountName: qym-test-qymapp
      securityContext:
        {}

      containers:
        - name: qymapp
          securityContext:
            {}

          image: "nginx:stable"
          imagePullPolicy: IfNotPresent
          ports:
            - name: http
              containerPort: 80
              protocol: TCP
          livenessProbe:
            httpGet:
              path: /
              port: http
          readinessProbe:
            httpGet:
              path: /
              port: http
          resources:
            {}
LAST DEPLOYED: Wed Oct 23 16:54:34 2019
NAMESPACE: default
STATUS: DEPLOYED

RESOURCES:
==> v1/Deployment
NAME             READY  UP-TO-DATE  AVAILABLE  AGE
qym-test-qymapp  0/1    1           0          0s

==> v1/Pod(related)
NAME                              READY  STATUS             RESTARTS  AGE
qym-test-qymapp-5d4bcc5db7-xdrh5  0/1    ContainerCreating  0         0s

==> v1/Service
NAME             TYPE       CLUSTER-IP      EXTERNAL-IP  PORT(S)  AGE
qym-test-qymapp  ClusterIP  10.108.218.211  <none>       80/TCP   0s

==> v1/ServiceAccount
NAME             SECRETS  AGE
qym-test-qymapp  1        0s

NOTES:
1. Get the application URL by running these commands:
  export POD_NAME=$(kubectl get pods --namespace default -l "app.kubernetes.io/name=qymapp,app.kubernetes.io/instance=qym-test" -o jsonpath="{.items[0].metadata.name}")
  echo "Visit http://127.0.0.1:8080 to use your application"
  kubectl port-forward $POD_NAME 8080:80

# helm list
NAME    	REVISION	UPDATED                 	STATUS  	CHART       	APP VERSION	NAMESPACE
qym-test	1       	Wed Oct 23 16:54:34 2019	DEPLOYED	qymapp-0.1.0	1.0        	default

升级chart包，修改一下

# helm package  qymapp
Successfully packaged chart and saved it to: /root/.helm/repository/local/qymapp-0.2.0.tgz
# ls
index.yaml  qymapp  qymapp-0.1.0.tgz  qymapp-0.2.0.tgz
# helm search qymapp -l
NAME        	CHART VERSION	APP VERSION	DESCRIPTION
local/qymapp	0.2.0        	1.0        	A Helm chart for Kubernetes
local/qymapp	0.1.0        	1.0        	A Helm chart for Kubernetes

helm upgrade qym-test  local/qymapp
Release "qym-test" has been upgraded.
LAST DEPLOYED: Wed Oct 23 17:17:13 2019
NAMESPACE: default
STATUS: DEPLOYED

# helm list
NAME    	REVISION	UPDATED                 	STATUS  	CHART       	APP VERSION	NAMESPACE
qym-test	2       	Wed Oct 23 17:17:13 2019	DEPLOYED	qymapp-0.2.0	1.0        	default

v3 不需要package ,直接helm upgrade就行了。是不是很方便。再也回不去了。

参考:

https://helm.sh/

官方文档很不错，重要的几个点都讲了。

这篇文章还缺怎么制作chart包，未完待续。