JavaWeb -- Struts1 使用示例： 表单校验 防表单重复提交 表单数据封装到实体

1. struts 工作流程图

超链接

2. 入门案例

struts入门案例：

1、写一个注册页面，把请求交给 struts处理
	<form action="${pageContext.request.contextPath }/Register.do" method="post">
   		用户名：<input type="text" name="username"><br/>
   		密码：<input type="password" name="password"><br/>
   		邮箱：<input type="text" name="email"><br/>
   		<input type="submit" value="注册">
   	</form>
	<html:errors property="username"/>

2、导入struts开发包，并在web.xml文件配置struts(ActionServlet)处理所有.do请求

  <servlet>
  	<servlet-name>ActionServlet</servlet-name>
  	<servlet-class>org.apache.struts.action.ActionServlet</servlet-class>
  	 <init-param>
      		<param-name>config</param-name>
      		<param-value>/WEB-INF/struts-config.xml</param-value>
    	 </init-param>
    <load-on-startup>2</load-on-startup>

  </servlet>

  <servlet-mapping>
  	<servlet-name>ActionServlet</servlet-name>
  	<url-pattern>*.do</url-pattern>
  </servlet-mapping>

3、在web-inf目录中加入struts的配置文件：struts-config.xml，并配置struts收到请求后找RegisterAction处理，并配置在找RegisterAction处理请求之前，把数据封装到formbean中
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>

<!DOCTYPE struts-config PUBLIC
          "-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 1.3//EN"
          "http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-config_1_3.dtd">

<struts-config>
	<form-beans>
		<form-bean name="UserFormBean" type="cn.itcast.web.formbean.UserFormbean"></form-bean>
	</form-beans>

	<!-- 配置struts收到请求后找一个action处理 -->

	<action-mappings>
		<action path="/Register" type="cn.itcast.web.action.RegisterAction" name="UserFormBean"></action>
	</action-mappings>

</struts-config>

4、把封装数据formbean，以及处理请求的RegisterAction写出来

JavaBean 继承 ActionForm

public class UserFormbean extends ActionForm {

	private String username;
	private String password;
	private String email;
	public String getUsername() {
		return username;
	}
	public void setUsername(String username) {
		this.username = username;
	}
	public String getPassword() {
		return password;
	}
	public void setPassword(String password) {
		this.password = password;
	}
	public String getEmail() {
		return email;
	}
	public void setEmail(String email) {
		this.email = email;
	}
	@Override
	public ActionErrors validate(ActionMapping mapping,
			HttpServletRequest request) {

		ActionErrors errors = new ActionErrors();
		if(this.username==null || this.username.trim().equals("")){
			errors.add("username", new ActionMessage("errors.username.required"));
		}
		return errors;
	}	

}

Action:

public class RegisterAction extends Action {

	@Override
	public ActionForward execute(ActionMapping mapping, ActionForm form,
			HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
			throws Exception {

		UserFormbean bean = (UserFormbean) form;
		System.out.println(bean.getUsername());
		System.out.println(bean.getPassword());
		System.out.println(bean.getEmail());

		try{
			System.out.println("向数据注册用户！！");
			request.setAttribute("message", "注册成功");
		}catch (Exception e) {
			request.setAttribute("message", "注册失败");
		}
		return mapping.findForward("message");	//转发
	}
}

web.xml 配置

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app version="2.4"
	xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee"
	xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
	xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee
	http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee/web-app_2_4.xsd">

  <servlet>
  	<servlet-name>ActionServlet</servlet-name>
  	<servlet-class>org.apache.struts.action.ActionServlet</servlet-class>
  	 <init-param>
      <param-name>config</param-name>
      <param-value>/WEB-INF/struts-config.xml</param-value>
    </init-param>
    <load-on-startup>2</load-on-startup>

  </servlet>

  <servlet-mapping>
  	<servlet-name>ActionServlet</servlet-name>
  	<url-pattern>*.do</url-pattern>
  </servlet-mapping>

  <welcome-file-list>
    <welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file>
  </welcome-file-list>
</web-app>

struts-config.xml 配置

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE struts-config PUBLIC "-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 1.3//EN" "http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-config_1_3.dtd">

<struts-config>

	<form-beans>
		<form-bean name="UserFormBean" type="com.kevin.domain.UserFormbean"></form-bean>
	</form-beans>

	<action-mappings>
		<action path="/Register"
			type="com.kevin.action.RegisterAction"
			name="UserFormBean"
			input="/index.jsp">			 //bean校验错误后 回跳
		<forward name="message" path="/message.jsp"></forward>   //转发
		</action>
	</action-mappings>

  <message-resources parameter="com.yourcompany.struts.ApplicationResources" />  //配置文件  国际化
</struts-config>

----------------------- 实例 ： 表单校验，防表单重复提交  表单数据封装到实体-----------------

首页

<body>
	<html:link action="/RegisterUI" >注册</html:link>
  </body>

/WEB-INF/jsp/register.jsp 表单页面

<%@page import="com.kevin.golobals.Preference"%>
<%@page import="com.kevin.golobals.Gender"%>
<%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<%@taglib uri="http://struts.apache.org/tags-html" prefix="html" %>
<%@taglib uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" prefix="c" %>

<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">
<html>
  <head>
    <title>注册页面</title>
  </head>

  <body>
  	<!--
  		html:form 发生session域中如果有org.apache.struts.action.TOKEN为随机数，它会自动生成隐藏字段
  	-->
  	<html:form action="/Register">
  		<table width="50%" frame="border">

  		<tr>
  			<td>用户名</td>
  			<td>
  				<html:text property="username"/>
  			</td>
  			<td>
				  <html:errors property="username"/>
  			</td>
  		</tr>

  		<tr>
  			<td>密码</td>
  			<td>
  				<html:password property="password" redisplay="false"/>
  			</td>

  			<td>
				  <html:errors property="password"/>
  			</td>
  		</tr>

  		<tr>
  			<td>确认密码</td>
  			<td>
  				<html:password property="password2"  redisplay="false"/>
  			</td>
  			<td>
				  <html:errors property="password2"/>
  			</td>
  		</tr>

  		<tr>
  			<td>性别</td>
  			<td>
  				<c:forEach var="g" items="<%= Gender.values() %>">
  					<html:radio property="gender" value="${g.name }">${g.value }</html:radio>
  				</c:forEach>
  			</td>
  			<td>
				  <html:errors property="gender"/>
  			</td>
  		</tr>

  		<tr>
  			<td>生日</td>
  			<td>
  				<html:text property="birthday"></html:text>
  			</td>
  			<td>
				  <html:errors property="birthday"/>
  			</td>
  		</tr>

  		<tr>
  			<td>收入</td>
  			<td>
  				<html:text property="income"></html:text>
  			</td>
  			<td>
				  <html:errors property="income"/>
  			</td>
  		</tr>

  		<tr>
  			<td>城市</td>
  			<td>
  				<html:select property="city">
  					<html:option value="beijing">北京</html:option>
  					<html:option value="guangzhou">广州</html:option>
  					<html:option value="shanghai">上海</html:option>
  				</html:select>
  			</td>
  			<td>

  			</td>
  		</tr>

  		<tr>
  			<td>爱好</td>
  			<td>  

  				<c:forEach var="pre" items="<%=Preference.values() %>">
  					<html:multibox property="preference" value="${pre.name }"/>${pre.value}
  				</c:forEach>
  			</td>
  			<td>
				  <html:errors property="preference"/>
  			</td>
  		</tr>

  		<tr>
  			<td>邮箱</td>
  			<td>
  				<html:text property="email"></html:text>
  			</td>
  			<td>
				  <html:errors property="email"/>
  			</td>
  		</tr>

  		<tr>
  			<td>
  				<input type="reset" value="清空">
  			</td>
  			<td>
  				<input type="submit" value="注册">
  			</td>
  		</tr>
  	</table>
  	</html:form>

  </body>
</html>

com.kevin.domain , 表单数据bean 数据校验

public class UserFormBean extends ActionForm {

	private String username;
	private String password;
	private String password2;
	private String gender;
	private String birthday;
	private String income;
	private String city;
	private String[] preference;
	private String email;

	@Override
	public ActionErrors validate(ActionMapping mapping,
			HttpServletRequest request) {

		ActionErrors errors = new ActionErrors();

		if(isEmpty(this.username))
			addMessage(errors, "username", "用户名不能为空");
		else
		{
			if(!this.username.matches("^[A-Za-z]{3,9}"))
				addMessage(errors, "username", "用户名必须是3-9位字母");
		}

		//密码不能为空，要是3-9的字母或数字
		if(isEmpty(this.password)){
			addMessage(errors, "password", "密码不能为空");
		}else{
			if(!this.password.matches("\\w{3,9}")){
				addMessage(errors,"password", "密码必须是3-8位字母或数字");
			}
		}

		//二次密码不能为空，并且要和一次密码一致
		if(isEmpty(this.password2)){
			addMessage(errors, "password2", "密码不能为空");
		}else{
			if(!this.password2.equals(this.password)){
				addMessage(errors,"password2", "两次密码必须要一致");
			}
		}

		//性别不能为空，并且要是枚举的一个实例的值
		if(isEmpty(this.gender)){
			addMessage(errors, "gender", "性别不能为空");
		}else{
			try{
				Gender.valueOf(this.gender.toUpperCase());
			}catch (Exception e) {
				addMessage(errors, "gender", "性别非法");
			}
		}

		//生日可以为空，不为空时，要是一个日期
		if(!isEmpty(this.birthday)){
			try{
			DateLocaleConverter conver = new DateLocaleConverter(Locale.CHINA, "yy-M-d");
			conver.convert(this.birthday);
			}catch (Exception e) {
				addMessage(errors, "birthday", "生日不能一个合法的日期");
			}
		}

		//收入要是一个数字，可以为空
		if(!isEmpty(this.income)){
			try{
			Double.parseDouble(this.income);
			}catch (Exception e) {
				addMessage(errors, "income", "收入要是一个数字");
			}
		}

		//爱好可以为空，不为空时要是合法的枚举值:String[] preference;
		if(this.preference!=null && this.preference.length>0){
			for(String pre : this.preference){
				try{
				Preference.valueOf(pre.toUpperCase());
				}catch (Exception e) {
					addMessage(errors, "preference", "爱好输入有误");
				}
			}
		}

		//邮箱可以为空，不为空时，要是一个格式有效的邮箱
		if(!isEmpty(this.email)){
			if(!this.email.matches("\\w+@\\w+(\\.\\w+)+")){
				addMessage(errors, "email", "邮箱格式非法");
			}
		}

		return errors;
	}

	private boolean isEmpty(String value){
		if(value==null || value.trim().equals("")){
			return true;
		}
		return false;
	}

	private void addMessage(ActionErrors errors,String key,String message){
		errors.add(key,new ActionMessage(message,false));
	}//validate

	public String getUsername() {
		return username;
	}
	public void setUsername(String username) {
		this.username = username;
	}
	public String getPassword() {
		return password;
	}
	public void setPassword(String password) {
		this.password = password;
	}
	public String getPassword2() {
		return password2;
	}
	public void setPassword2(String password2) {
		this.password2 = password2;
	}
	public String getGender() {
		return gender;
	}
	public void setGender(String gender) {
		this.gender = gender;
	}
	public String getBirthday() {
		return birthday;
	}
	public void setBirthday(String birthday) {
		this.birthday = birthday;
	}
	public String getIncome() {
		return income;
	}
	public void setIncome(String income) {
		this.income = income;
	}
	public String getCity() {
		return city;
	}
	public void setCity(String city) {
		this.city = city;
	}
	public String[] getPreference() {
		return preference;
	}
	public void setPreference(String[] preference) {
		this.preference = preference;
	}
	public String getEmail() {
		return email;
	}
	public void setEmail(String email) {
		this.email = email;
	}
}

实体数据bean

public class User {

	private String id;
	private String username;
	private String password;
	private Gender gender;
	private Date birthday;  //null
	private double income;
	private String city;
	private Preference[] preference;
	private String email;

	public String getId() {
		return id;
	}
	public void setId(String id) {
		this.id = id;
	}
	public String getUsername() {
		return username;
	}
	public void setUsername(String username) {
		this.username = username;
	}
	public String getPassword() {
		return password;
	}
	public void setPassword(String password) {
		this.password = password;
	}
	public Gender getGender() {
		return gender;
	}
	public void setGender(Gender gender) {
		this.gender = gender;
	}
	public Date getBirthday() {
		return birthday;
	}
	public void setBirthday(Date birthday) {
		this.birthday = birthday;
	}
	public double getIncome() {
		return income;
	}
	public void setIncome(double income) {
		this.income = income;
	}
	public String getCity() {
		return city;
	}
	public void setCity(String city) {
		this.city = city;
	}
	public Preference[] getPreference() {
		return preference;
	}
	public void setPreference(Preference[] preference) {
		this.preference = preference;
	}
	public String getEmail() {
		return email;
	}
	public void setEmail(String email) {
		this.email = email;
	}

}

com.kevin.action Action

public class RegisterUIAction extends Action {

	@Override
	public ActionForward execute(ActionMapping mapping, ActionForm form,
			HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
			throws Exception {

		saveToken(request); //org.apache.struts.action.TOKEN 防表单重复提交
		return mapping.findForward("register");
	}
}

public class RegisterAction extends Action { //表单处理 注册 Action

	@Override
	public ActionForward execute(ActionMapping mapping, ActionForm form,
			HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
			throws Exception {

		//将表单数据封装到实体中
  		User user = new User();
	  	UserFormBean formbean = (UserFormBean) form;
  		BeanUtils.copyProperties(user, formbean);
  		System.out.println(user.getUsername());

		try
		{
			if(isTokenValid(request)){
				resetToken(request);  //清楚session中的token
				System.out.println("处理用户注册请求.....");
				request.setAttribute("message", "注册成功");
			}else{
				System.out.println("对不起，您是重复提交");
			}
		}
		catch (Exception e)
		{
			e.printStackTrace();
			request.setAttribute("message", "注册失败");
		}

		//return mapping.findForward("message");
		return null;
	}

}

监听器，注册beanutils 转换器

public class WebInitListener implements ServletContextListener {

	@Override
	public void contextInitialized(ServletContextEvent arg0) {

		//注册转换日期的转换器
		ConvertUtils.register(new Converter(){
			public Object convert(Class type, Object value) {
				if(value==null){
					return null;
				}
				if(value instanceof String){
					String d = (String)value;
					if(d.trim().equals("")){
						return null;
					}
					SimpleDateFormat sdf = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd");
					try {
						return sdf.parse(d);
					} catch (ParseException e) {
						throw new RuntimeException(e);
					}
				}
				throw new RuntimeException("输入类的类型不是String");
			}
		}, Date.class);

		//转性别枚举
		ConvertUtils.register(new Converter(){
			public Object convert(Class type, Object value) {
				if(value==null){
					return null;
				}
				return Gender.valueOf(((String) value).toUpperCase());
			}

		}, Gender.class);

		//转爱好枚举数组
		ConvertUtils.register(new Converter(){

			public Object convert(Class type, Object value) {
				if(value==null){
					return null;
				}
				String pres[] = (String[]) value;
				Preference p[] = new Preference[pres.length];
				for(int i=0;i<pres.length;i++){
					p[i] = Preference.valueOf(pres[i].toUpperCase());
				}
				return p;
			}

		},Preference[].class);

	}

	@Override
	public void contextDestroyed(ServletContextEvent arg0) {

	}

}

com.kevin.golobals 枚举类

public enum Gender {

	MALE("male","男"),FEMALE("female","女");

	private String name;
	private String value;
	private Gender(String name,String value){
		this.name= name;
		this.value = value;
	}
	public String getName() {
		return name;
	}
	public String getValue() {
		return value;
	}
}

public enum Preference {

	SING("sing","唱歌"),DANCE("dance","跳舞"),FOOTBALL("football","足球");

	private String name;
	private String value;
	private Preference(String name, String value)
	{
		this.name = name;
		this.value = value;
	}
	public String getName() {
		return name;
	}
	public String getValue() {
		return value;
	}
}

struts-config.xml 配置文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE struts-config PUBLIC "-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 1.3//EN" "http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-config_1_3.dtd">

<struts-config>
  <form-beans >
  	<form-bean name="UserFormBean" type="com.kevin.domain.UserFormBean"></form-bean>
  </form-beans>

  <global-exceptions />
  <global-forwards />

  <action-mappings>
  	<action path="/RegisterUI"
  		type="com.kevin.action.RegisterUIAction" >
  		<forward name="register" path="/WEB-INF/jsp/register.jsp"></forward>
  	</action>

  	<action path="/Register"
  		type="com.kevin.action.RegisterAction"
  		name="UserFormBean"
  		scope="request"
  		validate="true"
  		input="/WEB-INF/jsp/register.jsp"
  		>
  		<forward name="message" path="/message.jsp"></forward>
  	</action>

  </action-mappings>

  <message-resources parameter="com.yourcompany.struts.ApplicationResources" />
</struts-config>

web.xml 配置文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" version="3.0" xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee   http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_0.xsd">
  <display-name />
  <servlet>
    <servlet-name>action</servlet-name>
    <servlet-class>org.apache.struts.action.ActionServlet</servlet-class>
    <init-param>
      <param-name>config</param-name>
      <param-value>/WEB-INF/struts-config.xml</param-value>
    </init-param>
    <init-param>
      <param-name>debug</param-name>
      <param-value>3</param-value>
    </init-param>
    <init-param>
      <param-name>detail</param-name>
      <param-value>3</param-value>
    </init-param>
    <load-on-startup>0</load-on-startup>
  </servlet>
  <servlet-mapping>
    <servlet-name>action</servlet-name>
    <url-pattern>*.do</url-pattern>
  </servlet-mapping>
  <welcome-file-list>
    <welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file>
  </welcome-file-list>

   <filter>
    <filter-name>EncodingFilter</filter-name>
    <filter-class>com.kevin.web.filter.EncodingFilter</filter-class>
    <init-param>
        <param-name>charset</param-name>
        <param-value>UTF-8</param-value>
    </init-param>
  </filter>  

  <filter-mapping>
    <filter-name>EncodingFilter</filter-name>
    <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
  </filter-mapping>  

  <listener>
   <listener-class>com.kevin.web.listener.WebInitListener</listener-class>
  </listener>   

</web-app>