OpenStack若干概念
近期在部署OpenStack时涉及到各个服务之间的诸多概念,这里简要记录其中的一些作为备忘。
服务(service)
在OpenStack中,一个服务有若干端点,用户通过端点访问服务并使用服务提供的功能;
计算服务(Compute Service)—— Nova
网络服务(Networking Service)——Neutron
身份服务(Identity Service)——Keystone
镜像服务(Image Service)——Glance
界面服务(Dashboard)——Horizon
块存储(Block Storage)——Cinder
对象存储服务(Object Storage)——Swift
编排服务(Orchestration)——Heat
监测服务(Telemetry)——Ceilometer
数据处理服务(Data Processing )——Sahara
数据库服务(Database Service)——Trove
An integrated project that provide scalable and reliable Cloud Database-as-a-Service functionality for both relational and non-relational database engines.
综合
RESTful
使用REST风格的网络服务API,Representational State Transfer(REST,表征性状态转移)是广泛应用于万维网的超媒体架构风格;
Network Time Protocol (NTP)
网络时间协议,可以从更精确的时间源获取时间,OpenStack中使用NTP保证各个物理节点之间的时间同步
消息代理(message broker)
计算服务内提供AMQP消息功能的软件,默认为 RabbitMQ
消息队列(message queue)
将客户端的请求传递给合适的工作进程,当任务执行完成后将结果返回给客户端
负载均衡器(load balancer)
A load balancer is a logical device that belongs to a cloud account. It is used to distribute workloads between multiple back-end systems or services, based on the criteria defined as part of its configuration.
存储
iSCSI
The SCSI disk protocol tunneled within Ethernet, supported by Compute, Object Storage, and Image Service.
XFS
由Silicon Graphics开发的64位文件系统,长于处理并行I/O操作和维护数据一致性
扩展属性(extended attributes (xattr))
File system option that enables storage of additional information beyond owner, group, permissions, modification time, and so on. The underlying Object Storage file system must support extended attributes.
逻辑卷管理器 (LVM)
Provides a method of allocating space on mass-storage devices that is more flexible than conventional partitioning schemes.
计算
虚拟机(virtual machine (VM))
运行于虚拟机监控器上的操作系统实例,一个物理主机上可以同时运行多个虚拟机
虚拟机监控器(hypervisor)
管理和控制虚拟机对底层硬件的访问
kernel-based VM (KVM)
An OpenStack-supported hypervisor. KVM is a full virtualization solution for Linux on x86 hardware containing virtualization extensions (Intel VT or AMD-V), ARM, IBM Power, and IBM zSeries. It consists of a loadable kernel module, that provides the core virtualization infrastructure and a processor specific module.
Quick EMUlator (QEMU)
QEMU is a generic and open source machine emulator and virtualizer.
One of the hypervisors supported by OpenStack, generally used for development purposes.
虚拟机实例(instance)
运行中的或处于可知状态的虚拟机
CirrOS
用于测试云环境的小型Linux系统
网络
外部网络(external network)
管理网络(management network)
用于管理的网段,连通所有物理节点,外网不可访问
实例隧道网络(instance tunnels network)
计算节点和网络节点之间,用于虚拟机实例流量的网段
DHCP代理(DHCP agent)
OpenStack中为虚拟网络提供DHCP服务的网络代理
第三层代理(L3 agent)
OpenStack中为虚拟网络提供第三层(路由)服务的网络代理
安全组(security group)
一组应用于计算实例的网络过滤规则
dnsmasq
为虚拟网络提供DNS、DHCP、BOOTP和TFTP服务的后台进程
flat network
Virtual network type that uses neither VLANs nor tunnels to segregate tenant traffic. Each flat network typically requires a separate underlying physical interface defined by bridge mappings. However, a flat network can contain multiple subnets.
floating IP address
An IP address that a project can associate with a VM so that the instance has the same public IP address each time that it boots. You create a pool of floating IP addresses and assign them to instances as they are launched to maintain a consistent IP address for maintaining DNS assignment.
generic receive offload (GRO)
Feature of certain network interface drivers that combines many smaller received packets into a large packet before delivery to the kernel IP stack.
generic routing encapsulation (GRE)
一种在虚拟点对点连接中封装了若干网络层协议的协议
ipset
Extension to iptables that allows creation of firewall rules that match entire "sets" of IP addresses simultaneously. These sets reside in indexed data structures to increase efficiency, particularly on systems with a large quantity of rules.
iptables
Used along with arptables and ebtables, iptables create firewalls in Compute. iptables are the tables provided by the Linux kernel firewall (implemented as different Netfilter modules) and the chains and rules it stores. Different kernel modules and programs are currently used for different protocols: iptables applies to IPv4, ip6tables to IPv6, arptables to ARP, and ebtables to Ethernet frames. Requires root privilege to manipulate.
network namespace
Linux kernel feature that provides independent virtual networking instances on a single host with separate routing tables and interfaces. Similar to virtual routing and forwarding (VRF) services on physical network equipment.
Network Address Translation (NAT)
The process of modifying IP address information while in transit. Supported by Compute and Networking.
virtual networking
A generic term for virtualization of network functions such as switching, routing, load balancing, and security using a combination of VMs and overlays on physical network infrastructure.
Virtual Network Computing (VNC)
Open source GUI and CLI tools used for remote console access to VMs. Supported by Compute.
jumbo frame
Feature in modern Ethernet networks that supports frames up to approximately 9000 bytes.
maximum transmission unit (MTU)
Maximum frame or packet size for a particular network medium. Typically 1500 bytes for Ethernet networks.
Metadata agent
OpenStack Networking agent that provides metadata services for instances.
Open vSwitch
Open vSwitch is a production quality, multilayer virtual switch licensed under the open source Apache 2.0 license. It is designed to enable massive network automation through programmatic extension, while still supporting standard management interfaces and protocols (for example NetFlow, sFlow, SPAN, RSPAN, CLI, LACP, 802.1ag).
path MTU discovery (PMTUD)
Mechanism in IP networks to detect end-to-end MTU and adjust packet size accordingly.
plug-in
Software component providing the actual implementation for Networking APIs, or for Compute APIs, depending on the context.
promiscuous mode(混杂模式)
Causes the network interface to pass all traffic it receives to the host rather than passing only the frames addressed to it.
multi-host
High-availability mode for legacy (nova) networking. Each compute node handles NAT and DHCP and acts as a gateway for all of the VMs on it. A networking failure on one compute node doesn't affect VMs on other compute nodes.
ICMP
Internet Control Message Protocol, used by network devices for control messages. For example, ping uses ICMP to test connectivity.
virtual private network (VPN)
Provided by Compute in the form of cloudpipes, specialized instances that are used to create VPNs on a per-project basis.
OpenStack若干概念的更多相关文章
- openerp经典收藏 OpenERP库存管理的若干概念讲解(新增库存价值)(转载)
OpenERP库存管理的若干概念讲解(新增库存价值) 原文:http://shine-it.net/index.php/topic,2425.0/topicseen.html 一.复式库存(Doubl ...
- [转载] 对象存储(2):OpenStack Swift——概念、架构与规模部署
原文: http://www.testlab.com.cn/Index/article/id/1085.html#rd?sukey=fc78a68049a14bb228cb2742bdec2b9498 ...
- OpenERP财务管理若干概念讲解
来自:http://shine-it.net/index.php/topic,2431.0.html 一.记账凭证(Account Move) 会计上的记账凭证,也叫会计分录,在OpenERP中叫&q ...
- OpenStack基础概念
openstack 组件介绍 1.horizon -- UI模块 为云管理提供整体视图,以实现资源整合和管理配额 为终端用户提供自动服务门户,在自由范围内自由操作,使用资源 2.keystone -- ...
- 与Java Web Service相关的若干概念(JAX-WS,JAX-RS)
WS ,JAX-WS ,JAX-RS,REST,Restlet,SOAP l JWS: 是指与webservice相关的J2EE(其实现在应该叫做Java EE吧)技术叫做 JWS(全称就是 jav ...
- 操作系统杂谈 mac 和linux windows若干概念
Mac: vmware 安装:1.方式一通过FreeBSD方式用 darwin.iso引导加载dmg安装 2.通过制作cdr /iso vmware安装mac插件 mac有 macpe 使用open ...
- openStack images概念及维护
更改以创建镜像的属性 glance image-update img-uuid --property architecture=arm --propertyhypervisor_type=qemu C ...
- pbr若干概念
pbr基于辐射传输理论,最基本的一个观点是:一切皆光源--任何一个面元既是光能接收器,也是光能发射器. 光通(flux):单位时间内通过某一面积的光能,单位W(瓦特),用表示. 可见,光通其实就是功率 ...
- 完整部署CentOS7.2+OpenStack+kvm 云平台环境(1)--基础环境搭建
公司在IDC机房有两台很高配置的服务器,计划在上面部署openstack云平台虚拟化环境,用于承载后期开发测试和其他的一些对内业务.以下对openstack的部署过程及其使用做一详细介绍,仅仅依据本人 ...
随机推荐
- Linux内核分析:recv、recvfrom、recvmsg函数实现
先看一下这三个函数的声明: #include <sys/types.h> #include <sys/socket.h> ssize_t recv(int sockfd, vo ...
- LeetCode: Binary Tree Inorder Traversal 解题报告
Binary Tree Inorder Traversal Given a binary tree, return the inorder traversal of its nodes' values ...
- 初学SSH 配置+错误总结
初学java web 一上手就接触ssh,前段时间,断断续续配置好了ssh,今天从Hibernate入手开始学习.先总结今天遇到的问题. 配置链接的是sqlserver的数据库,首先是下载了一个jdb ...
- java基础解疑!!!
疑问一:0.01+0.09的结果? public class MathTest{ public static void main(String[]args){ double a = 0.01, b = ...
- 老项目Xcode5.1编译器错误
老项目编译器错误html, body {overflow-x: initial !important;}html { font-size: 14px; } body { margin: 0px; pa ...
- Android动画知识汇总
Interpolator(插值器) Interpolatort通常在动画中使用,主要来改变动画变化率.常用的有下面几种Interpolator,下面图文解说下: AccelerateDecelerat ...
- 【微信小程序】scroll-view与Page下拉冲突
需求:主界面是个列表.列表可以纵向滑动,下拉添加新的条目Item.每个条目Item可以横向滑动. 发现做下拉时,用Page的enablePullDownRefresh和scroll-view条目的横向 ...
- Java API学习(一) ArrayList源码学习
ArrayList在平常用的还挺多的,用起来十分舒服,顺手.这里来学习一下它的源码. 类定义 下面是类的定义: public class ArrayList<E> extends Abst ...
- Linux下架构高可用性网络----HA+LB+lvs
实验总拓扑: IP规划: Director1: eth0 192.168.10.136/28 eth1 192.168.11.2/24 Director2: eth ...
- Extjs4.2 Grid搜索Ext.ux.grid.feature.Searching的使用
背景 Extjs4.2 默认提供的Search搜索,功能还是非常强大的,只是对于国内的用户来说,还是不习惯在每列里面单击好几下再筛选,于是相当当初2.2里面的搜索,更加的实用点,于是在4.2里面实现. ...