C#串口介绍以及简单串口通信程序设计实现

C#串口介绍以及简单串口通信程序设计实现

周末，没事干，写个简单的串口通信工具，也算是本周末曾来过，废话不多，直接到主题

串口介绍

　　串行接口简称串口，也称串行通信接口或串行通讯接口（通常指COM接口），是采用串行通信方式的扩展接口。（至于再详细，自己百度）

串口应用：

　　工业领域使用较多，比如:数据采集，设备控制等等，好多都是用串口通信来实现！你要是细心的话，你会发现，目前家用国网智能电能表就具备RS485通信总线（串行总线的一种）与RS232可以相互转化（当然一般，非专业的谁也不会闲的蛋疼，趴电表上瞎看,最多也就看看走了多少度电）

RS232 DB9介绍：

1.示意图

2.针脚介绍：

1. 载波检测(DCD)
2. 接受数据(RXD)
3. 发出数据(TXD)
4. 数据终端准备好(DTR)
5. 信号地线(SG)
6. 数据准备好(DSR)
7. 请求发送(RTS)
8. 清除发送(CTS)
9. 振铃指示(RI)

3.实物图：

以下是我购买XX公司的一个usb转串口线：这个头就是一个公头，另一端是一个usb口

笨小孩串口工具运行图：

1.开启程序

2.发送一行字符串HelloBenXH，直接将针脚的发送和接收链接起来就可以测试了（针脚2 接受数据(RXD) 和3 发出数据(TXD)）直接链接,

C#代码实现：采用SerialPort

1.实例化一个SerialPort

1 private SerialPort ComDevice = new SerialPort();

2.初始化参数绑定接收数据事件

 public void init()
         {
             btnSend.Enabled = false;
             cbbComList.Items.AddRange(SerialPort.GetPortNames());
             if (cbbComList.Items.Count > )
             {
                 cbbComList.SelectedIndex = ;
             }
             cbbBaudRate.SelectedIndex = ;
             cbbDataBits.SelectedIndex = ;
             cbbParity.SelectedIndex = ;
             cbbStopBits.SelectedIndex = ;
             pictureBox1.BackgroundImage = Properties.Resources.red;

             ComDevice.DataReceived += new SerialDataReceivedEventHandler(Com_DataReceived);//绑定事件

         }

3.打开串口button事件

 /// <summary>
         /// 打开串口
         /// </summary>
         /// <param name="sender"></param>
         /// <param name="e"></param>
         private void btnOpen_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
         {
             if (cbbComList.Items.Count <= )
             {
                 MessageBox.Show("没有发现串口,请检查线路！");
                 return;
             }

             if (ComDevice.IsOpen == false)
             {
                 ComDevice.PortName = cbbComList.SelectedItem.ToString();
17                 ComDevice.BaudRate = Convert.ToInt32(cbbBaudRate.SelectedItem.ToString());
18                 ComDevice.Parity = (Parity)Convert.ToInt32(cbbParity.SelectedIndex.ToString());
                 ComDevice.DataBits = Convert.ToInt32(cbbDataBits.SelectedItem.ToString());
                 ComDevice.StopBits = (StopBits)Convert.ToInt32(cbbStopBits.SelectedItem.ToString());
                 try
                 {
                     ComDevice.Open();
                     btnSend.Enabled = true;
                 }
                 catch (Exception ex)
                 {
                     MessageBox.Show(ex.Message, "错误", MessageBoxButtons.OK, MessageBoxIcon.Error);
                     return;
                 }
                 btnOpen.Text = "关闭串口";
                 pictureBox1.BackgroundImage = Properties.Resources.green;
             }
             else
             {
                 try
                 {
                     ComDevice.Close();
                     btnSend.Enabled = false;
                 }
                 catch (Exception ex)
                 {
                     MessageBox.Show(ex.Message, "错误", MessageBoxButtons.OK, MessageBoxIcon.Error);
                 }
                 btnOpen.Text = "打开串口";
                 pictureBox1.BackgroundImage = Properties.Resources.red;
             }

             cbbComList.Enabled = !ComDevice.IsOpen;
             cbbBaudRate.Enabled = !ComDevice.IsOpen;
             cbbParity.Enabled = !ComDevice.IsOpen;
             cbbDataBits.Enabled = !ComDevice.IsOpen;
             cbbStopBits.Enabled = !ComDevice.IsOpen;
         }

4.发送数据

 /// <summary>
         /// 发送数据
         /// </summary>
         /// <param name="sender"></param>
         /// <param name="data"></param>
         public bool SendData(byte[] data)
         {
             if (ComDevice.IsOpen)
             {
                 try
                 {
                     ComDevice.Write(data, , data.Length);//发送数据
                     return true;
                 }
                 catch (Exception ex)
                 {
                     MessageBox.Show(ex.Message, "错误", MessageBoxButtons.OK, MessageBoxIcon.Error);
                 }
             }
             else
             {
                 MessageBox.Show("串口未打开", "错误", MessageBoxButtons.OK, MessageBoxIcon.Error);
             }
             return false;
         }

         /// <summary>
         /// 发送数据button事件
         /// </summary>
         /// <param name="sender"></param>
         /// <param name="e"></param>
         private void btnSend_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
         {
             byte[] sendData = null;

             if (rbtnSendHex.Checked)
             {
                 sendData = strToHexByte(txtSendData.Text.Trim());
             }
             else if (rbtnSendASCII.Checked)
             {
                 sendData = Encoding.ASCII.GetBytes(txtSendData.Text.Trim());
             }
             else if (rbtnSendUTF8.Checked)
             {
                 sendData = Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(txtSendData.Text.Trim());
             }
             else if (rbtnSendUnicode.Checked)
             {
                 sendData = Encoding.Unicode.GetBytes(txtSendData.Text.Trim());
             }
             else
             {
                 sendData = Encoding.ASCII.GetBytes(txtSendData.Text.Trim());
             }

             if (this.SendData(sendData))//发送数据成功计数
             {
                 lblSendCount.Invoke(new MethodInvoker(delegate
                 {
                     lblSendCount.Text = (int.Parse(lblSendCount.Text) + txtSendData.Text.Length).ToString();
                 }));
             }
             else
             {

             }

         }

         /// <summary>
         /// 字符串转换16进制字节数组
         /// </summary>
         /// <param name="hexString"></param>
         /// <returns></returns>
         private byte[] strToHexByte(string hexString)
         {
             hexString = hexString.Replace(" ", "");
             if ((hexString.Length % ) != )
                 hexString += " ";
             byte[] returnBytes = new byte[hexString.Length / ];
             for (int i = ; i < returnBytes.Length; i++)
                 returnBytes[i] = Convert.ToByte(hexString.Substring(i * , ).Replace(" ",""), );
             return returnBytes;
         }

5.接收和数据输出

 /// <summary>
         /// 接收数据
         /// </summary>
         /// <param name="sender"></param>
         /// <param name="e"></param>
         private void Com_DataReceived(object sender, SerialDataReceivedEventArgs e)
         {
             byte[] ReDatas = new byte[ComDevice.BytesToRead];
             ComDevice.Read(ReDatas, , ReDatas.Length);//读取数据
             this.AddData(ReDatas);//输出数据
         }

         /// <summary>
         /// 添加数据
         /// </summary>
         /// <param name="data">字节数组</param>
         public void AddData(byte[] data)
         {
             if (rbtnHex.Checked)
             {
                 StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
                 for (int i = ; i < data.Length; i++)
                 {
                     sb.AppendFormat("{0:x2}" + " ", data[i]);
                 }
                 AddContent(sb.ToString().ToUpper());
             }
             else if (rbtnASCII.Checked)
             {
                 AddContent(new ASCIIEncoding().GetString(data));
             }
             else if (rbtnUTF8.Checked)
             {
                 AddContent(new UTF8Encoding().GetString(data));
             }
             else if (rbtnUnicode.Checked)
             {
                 AddContent(new UnicodeEncoding().GetString(data));
             }
             else
             {}

             lblRevCount.Invoke(new MethodInvoker(delegate
             {
                 lblRevCount.Text = (int.Parse(lblRevCount.Text) + data.Length).ToString();
             }));
         }

         /// <summary>
         /// 输入到显示区域
         /// </summary>
         /// <param name="content"></param>
         private void AddContent(string content)
         {
             this.BeginInvoke(new MethodInvoker(delegate
             {
                 if(chkAutoLine.Checked && txtShowData.Text.Length>)
                 {
                     txtShowData.AppendText("\r\n");
                 }
                 txtShowData.AppendText(content);
             }));
         }

6.清空数据区域事件

 /// <summary>
         /// 清空接收区
         /// </summary>
         /// <param name="sender"></param>
         /// <param name="e"></param>
         private void btnClearRev_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
         {
             txtShowData.Clear();
         }

         /// <summary>
         /// 清空发送区
         /// </summary>
         /// <param name="sender"></param>
         /// <param name="e"></param>
         private void btnClearSend_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
         {
             txtSendData.Clear();
         }

运行程序下载地址  BXHSerialPort.exe

源代码工程文件下载

不足之处，还望见谅！