First Missing Positive leetcode java
题目:
Given an unsorted integer array, find the first missing positive integer.
For example,
Given [1,2,0] return 3,
and [3,4,-1,1] return 2.
Your algorithm should run in O(n) time and uses constant space.
题解:
题目给了一个unsorted integer array。当然,可以用先排好序的方法走(但是时间复杂度就不能是O(n))。
所以这里提供一个不先排序的算法。
注意:题目要求是find the first missing positive integer 。
也就是说,即便你给的数组是4 5 6 7,看似都一一排好序,但是返回值一定是1,也就是如果给的数组是4 5 7 8 ,答案不是6,是1。
因此,有了这个性质,我们就能i和A[i]是否相等来做判断了。“实现中还需要注意一个细节,就是如果当前的数字所对应的下标已经是对应数字了,那么我们也需要跳过,因为那个位置的数字已经满足要求了,否则会出现一直来回交换的死循环。”引自 Code Ganker
代码如下:
1 private void swap(int[] A, int i, int j){
2 if(A[i]!=A[j]){
3 A[i]^=A[j];
4 A[j]^=A[i];
5 A[i]^=A[j];
6 }
7 }
8 public int firstMissingPositive(int[] A) {
9 if(A.length==0||A==null)
return 1;
for (int i = 0; i < A.length; i++){
if (i != A[i]){
if (A[i] <= 0 || A[i] > A.length-1 || A[i] == A[A[i]])
continue;
else{
swap(A, i, A[i]);
i--;
}
}
}
int k = 1;
while (k < A.length && A[k] == k)
k++;
if(A[0]==k)
return k+1;
else
return k;
}
一个更易于理解的代码来自于codeganker:
1 public int firstMissingPositive(int[] A) {
2 if(A==null || A.length==0)
3 return 1;
4
5 for(int i=0;i<A.length;i++){
6 if(A[i]<=A.length && A[i]>0 && A[A[i]-1]!=A[i]){
7 int temp = A[A[i]-1];
8 A[A[i]-1] = A[i];
9 A[i] = temp;
i--;
}
}
for(int i=0;i<A.length;i++){
if(A[i]!=i+1)
return i+1;
}
return A.length+1;
}
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