等价路由在路由器和CE交换机上默认的行为是不同的，路由器总是走第一个下一跳，CE交换机是逐包。
结论：
1、在eNSP中实验，路由器和CE交换机对于等价路由的默认转发行为是不同的，
路由器：默认是基于流的转发形态，更准确的来讲，ping两个不同的下一跳，都是走等价路由的第一个路由，不走第二条路由。
CE交换机：默认就是逐包转发，即使ping同一个目的ip, 流量也会在不同的下一跳上进行负载分担。
2、实验图如下：
3. 配置说明
R1 上配置默认路由，下一跳是两个，形成等价路由。
<Huawei>dis curr | inc ip route
ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 20.0.0.2
ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 10.0.0.2
<Huawei>
CE交换机上也是相同配置，下一跳是两个，形成等价路由。
<HUAWEI>dis curr | inc ip route
ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 10.0.0.1
ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 20.0.0.1
<HUAWEI>
4. 实验内容
（1）实验路由器默认情况下的等价路由。
步骤一、从PC1 ping PC3
步骤二、查看路由器的GE0/0/1, GE0/0/2的端口统计信息，如下，
可以看出，流量只会从GE 0/0/1发送，GE0/0/2没有发送流量。
<Huawei>dis interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/1
GigabitEthernet0/0/1 current state : UP
Line protocol current state : UP
Last line protocol up time : 2018-01-14 18:48:37 UTC-08:00
Description:
Route Port,The Maximum Transmit Unit is 1500
Internet Address is 10.0.0.1/24
IP Sending Frames' Format is PKTFMT_ETHNT_2, Hardware address is 5489-9806-5754
Last physical up time : 2018-01-14 18:47:29 UTC-08:00
Last physical down time : 2018-01-14 18:46:51 UTC-08:00
Current system time: 2018-01-14 19:29:04-08:00
Hardware address is 5489-9806-5754
Last 300 seconds input rate 0 bytes/sec, 0 packets/sec
Last 300 seconds output rate 0 bytes/sec, 0 packets/sec
Input: 296 bytes, 4 packets
Output: 740 bytes, 10 packets
Input:
Unicast: 4 packets, Multicast: 0 packets
Broadcast: 0 packets
Output:
Unicast: 10 packets, Multicast: 0 packets
Broadcast: 0 packets
Input bandwidth utilization : 0%
Output bandwidth utilization : 0%
<Huawei>
<Huawei>dis interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/2
GigabitEthernet0/0/2 current state : UP
Line protocol current state : UP
Last line protocol up time : 2018-01-14 18:48:49 UTC-08:00
Description:
Route Port,The Maximum Transmit Unit is 1500
Internet Address is 20.0.0.1/24
IP Sending Frames' Format is PKTFMT_ETHNT_2, Hardware address is 5489-9806-5755
Last physical up time : 2018-01-14 18:47:29 UTC-08:00
Last physical down time : 2018-01-14 18:46:51 UTC-08:00
Current system time: 2018-01-14 19:29:07-08:00
Hardware address is 5489-9806-5755
Last 300 seconds input rate 0 bytes/sec, 0 packets/sec
Last 300 seconds output rate 0 bytes/sec, 0 packets/sec
Input: 370 bytes, 5 packets
Output: 0 bytes, 0 packets
Input:
Unicast: 5 packets, Multicast: 0 packets
Broadcast: 0 packets
Output:
Unicast: 0 packets, Multicast: 0 packets
Broadcast: 0 packets
Input bandwidth utilization : 0%
Output bandwidth utilization : 0%
<Huawei>
步骤三、从PC1 ping PC4, 目的是测试不同的流（PC4的ip和PC3的ip不同），会不会进行负载分担。
清楚R上的统计信息后，再ping.
步骤四、查看路由器的GE0/0/1, GE0/0/2的端口统计信息，如下，
可以看出，流量只会从GE 0/0/1发送，GE0/0/2没有发送流量。也就是说，即使是不同的流，也不会进行负载分担。
<Huawei>dis interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/1
GigabitEthernet0/0/1 current state : UP
Line protocol current state : UP
Last line protocol up time : 2018-01-14 18:48:37 UTC-08:00
Description:
Route Port,The Maximum Transmit Unit is 1500
Internet Address is 10.0.0.1/24
IP Sending Frames' Format is PKTFMT_ETHNT_2, Hardware address is 5489-9806-5754
Last physical up time : 2018-01-14 18:47:29 UTC-08:00
Last physical down time : 2018-01-14 18:46:51 UTC-08:00
Current system time: 2018-01-14 19:33:39-08:00
Hardware address is 5489-9806-5754
Last 300 seconds input rate 0 bytes/sec, 0 packets/sec
Last 300 seconds output rate 0 bytes/sec, 0 packets/sec
Input: 370 bytes, 5 packets
Output: 740 bytes, 10 packets
Input:
Unicast: 5 packets, Multicast: 0 packets
Broadcast: 0 packets
Output:
Unicast: 10 packets, Multicast: 0 packets
Broadcast: 0 packets
Input bandwidth utilization : 0%
Output bandwidth utilization : 0%
<Huawei>
<Huawei>dis interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/2
GigabitEthernet0/0/2 current state : UP
Line protocol current state : UP
Last line protocol up time : 2018-01-14 18:48:49 UTC-08:00
Description:
Route Port,The Maximum Transmit Unit is 1500
Internet Address is 20.0.0.1/24
IP Sending Frames' Format is PKTFMT_ETHNT_2, Hardware address is 5489-9806-5755
Last physical up time : 2018-01-14 18:47:29 UTC-08:00
Last physical down time : 2018-01-14 18:46:51 UTC-08:00
Current system time: 2018-01-14 19:33:42-08:00
Hardware address is 5489-9806-5755
Last 300 seconds input rate 0 bytes/sec, 0 packets/sec
Last 300 seconds output rate 0 bytes/sec, 0 packets/sec
Input: 370 bytes, 5 packets
Output: 0 bytes, 0 packets
Input:
Unicast: 5 packets, Multicast: 0 packets
Broadcast: 0 packets
Output:
Unicast: 0 packets, Multicast: 0 packets
Broadcast: 0 packets
Input bandwidth utilization : 0%
Output bandwidth utilization : 0%
<Huawei>
（2）实验路由器的逐包转发功能。
路由器的逐包转发功能，需要配置命令行：
步骤一、从PC1 ping PC3
步骤二、查看路由器的GE0/0/1, GE0/0/2的端口统计信息，如下，
可以看出是每个下一跳端口上都有转发流量，实现的是负载分担模式。
<Huawei>dis interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/1
GigabitEthernet0/0/1 current state : UP
Line protocol current state : UP
Last line protocol up time : 2018-01-14 18:48:37 UTC-08:00
Description:
Route Port,The Maximum Transmit Unit is 1500
Internet Address is 10.0.0.1/24
IP Sending Frames' Format is PKTFMT_ETHNT_2, Hardware address is 5489-9806-5754
Last physical up time : 2018-01-14 18:47:29 UTC-08:00
Last physical down time : 2018-01-14 18:46:51 UTC-08:00
Current system time: 2018-01-14 19:20:52-08:00
Hardware address is 5489-9806-5754
Last 300 seconds input rate 0 bytes/sec, 0 packets/sec
Last 300 seconds output rate 0 bytes/sec, 0 packets/sec
Input: 370 bytes, 5 packets
Output: 370 bytes, 5 packets
Input:
Unicast: 5 packets, Multicast: 0 packets
Broadcast: 0 packets
Output:
Unicast: 5 packets, Multicast: 0 packets
Broadcast: 0 packets
Input bandwidth utilization : 0%
Output bandwidth utilization : 0%
<Huawei>
<Huawei>dis interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/2
GigabitEthernet0/0/2 current state : UP
Line protocol current state : UP
Last line protocol up time : 2018-01-14 18:48:49 UTC-08:00
Description:
Route Port,The Maximum Transmit Unit is 1500
Internet Address is 20.0.0.1/24
IP Sending Frames' Format is PKTFMT_ETHNT_2, Hardware address is 5489-9806-5755
Last physical up time : 2018-01-14 18:47:29 UTC-08:00
Last physical down time : 2018-01-14 18:46:51 UTC-08:00
Current system time: 2018-01-14 19:20:55-08:00
Hardware address is 5489-9806-5755
Last 300 seconds input rate 0 bytes/sec, 0 packets/sec
Last 300 seconds output rate 0 bytes/sec, 0 packets/sec
Input: 296 bytes, 4 packets
Output: 370 bytes, 5 packets
Input:
Unicast: 4 packets, Multicast: 0 packets
Broadcast: 0 packets
Output:
Unicast: 5 packets, Multicast: 0 packets
Broadcast: 0 packets
Input bandwidth utilization : 0%
Output bandwidth utilization : 0%
<Huawei>
其实，从上面的GE0/0/2能够接收到报文的结果看，已经证明CE交换机总是在逐包进行负载分担。下面再从实验上验证。
（3）验证交换机的默认转发
步骤一、从PC3 ping PC1. ping 10个包
步骤二、查看CE交换机上的GE 1/0/1， GE1/0/2的统计信息，如下，
可以看出，即使目的ip相同，交换机也会进行逐包的转发行为。
<HUAWEI>dis interface GE 1/0/1
GE1/0/1 current state : UP (ifindex: 3)
Line protocol current state : UP
Last line protocol up time : 2018-01-14 18:50:25
Description:
Route Port,The Maximum Transmit Unit is 1500,The Maximum Frame Length is 9216
Internet Address is 10.0.0.2/24
IP Sending Frames' Format is PKTFMT_ETHNT_2, Hardware address is 0400-0611-0101
Last physical up time : 2018-01-14 18:50:25
Last physical down time : 2018-01-14 18:46:59
Current system time: 2018-01-14 19:39:46
Statistics last cleared:2018-01-14 19:38:38
Last 300 seconds input rate: 0 bits/sec, 0 packets/sec
Last 300 seconds output rate: 0 bits/sec, 0 packets/sec
Input peak rate 0 bits/sec, Record time: -
Output peak rate 0 bits/sec, Record time: -
Input: 0 bytes, 9 packets
Output: 0 bytes, 5 packets
Input:
Unicast: 9 packets, Multicast: 0 packets
Broadcast: 0 packets, JumboOctets: 0 packets
CRC: 0 packets, Symbol: 0 packets
Overrun: 0 packets, InRangeLength: 0 packets
LongPacket: 0 packets, Jabber: 0 packets, Alignment: 0 packets
Fragment: 0 packets, Undersized Frame: 0 packets
RxPause: 0 packets
Output:
Unicast: 5 packets, Multicast: 0 packets
Broadcast: 0 packets, JumboOctets: 0 packets
Lost: 0 packets, Overflow: 0 packets, Underrun: 0 packets
System: 0 packets, Overruns: 0 packets
TxPause: 0 packets
Last 300 seconds input utility rate: 0.00%
Last 300 seconds output utility rate: 0.00%
<HUAWEI>
<HUAWEI>dis interface GE 1/0/2
GE1/0/2 current state : UP (ifindex: 4)
Line protocol current state : UP
Last line protocol up time : 2018-01-14 18:50:25
Description:
Route Port,The Maximum Transmit Unit is 1500,The Maximum Frame Length is 9216
Internet Address is 20.0.0.2/24
IP Sending Frames' Format is PKTFMT_ETHNT_2, Hardware address is 0400-0611-0102
Last physical up time : 2018-01-14 18:50:25
Last physical down time : 2018-01-14 18:46:59
Current system time: 2018-01-14 19:39:53
Statistics last cleared:2018-01-14 19:38:38
Last 300 seconds input rate: 0 bits/sec, 0 packets/sec
Last 300 seconds output rate: 0 bits/sec, 0 packets/sec
Input peak rate 0 bits/sec, Record time: -
Output peak rate 0 bits/sec, Record time: -
Input: 0 bytes, 0 packets
Output: 0 bytes, 5 packets
Input:
Unicast: 0 packets, Multicast: 0 packets
Broadcast: 0 packets, JumboOctets: 0 packets
CRC: 0 packets, Symbol: 0 packets
Overrun: 0 packets, InRangeLength: 0 packets
LongPacket: 0 packets, Jabber: 0 packets, Alignment: 0 packets
Fragment: 0 packets, Undersized Frame: 0 packets
RxPause: 0 packets
Output:
Unicast: 5 packets, Multicast: 0 packets
Broadcast: 0 packets, JumboOctets: 0 packets
Lost: 0 packets, Overflow: 0 packets, Underrun: 0 packets
System: 0 packets, Overruns: 0 packets
TxPause: 0 packets
Last 300 seconds input utility rate: 0.00%
Last 300 seconds output utility rate: 0.00%
<HUAWEI>
等价路由在路由器和CE交换机上默认的行为是不同的，路由器总是走第一个下一跳，CE交换机是逐包。的更多相关文章
- 交换机上的trunk，hybrid，access配置和应用(转)
交换机上的trunk,hybrid,access配置和应用 以太网端口的链路类型: Access类型:端口只能属于一个vlan,一般用于连接计算机. Trunk类型:端口可以属于端个vlan,可以接收 ...
- 关于ECMP 等价路由
1.ECMP简介 Equal-CostMultipathRouting,等价多路径.即存在多条到达同一个目的地址的相同开销的路径.当设备支持等价路由时,发往该目的 IP 或者目的网段的三层转发流量就可 ...
- 浅析ECMP等价路由
1.ECMP简介 Equal-CostMultipathRouting,等价多路径.即存在多条到达同一个目的地址的相同开销的路径.当设备支持等价路由时,发往该目的 IP 或者目的网段的三层转发流量就可 ...
- 在H3C交换机上开通一个VLAN并且开通一个端口ping通它
<H3C>system-view System View: return to User View with Ctrl+Z. [H3C]interface vlan-interface 2 ...
- 交换机上的MAC地址表
拓扑图: 1.首先在R1上的配置: R1(config)#int R1(config)#interface g R1(config)#interface gigabitEthernet 0/0 R1( ...
- 交换机上禁止某个MAC地址通信
当分析出网络中某台机器中毒时而有不知道它的具体位置,我们可以通过获取其MAC地址然后在交换机上禁止其MAC来达到隔离它的效果.通过ARP表查询IP地址对应的MAC地址,再将该MAC地址加入黑名单过滤. ...
- linux 接口地址全部清除才清理从此接口发出的下一跳路由
接口地址全部清除才清理从此接口发出的下一跳路由 如: eth7配置两个地址 eth7: 192.168.1.1 10.1.1.1 添加一条路由: route add -net 2.2.2.0/24 g ...
- bootstrap导航条在手机上默认展开二级目录,必须用setTimeout才能实现
bootstrap导航条在手机上默认展开二级目录,必须用setTimeout才能实现 $(document).ready(function() { $('.dropdown').hover(funct ...
- Linux3.5内核以后的路由下一跳缓存
在Linux3.5版本号(包括)之前.存在一个路由cache.这个路由cache的初衷是美好的,可是现实往往是令人遗憾的.下面是陈列得出的两个问题:1.面临针对hash算法的ddos问题(描写叙述该问 ...
随机推荐
- SQL Server Cast、Convert数据类型转换
一.概述 本篇文章转载来着官网在线文档,文章主要介绍SQL Server数据类型转换相关语法.隐式转换.Date样式等. 语法 Syntax for CAST: CAST ( expression A ...
- Java软件工程师面试常见问题集锦之一
1.面向对象的特征有哪些方面 1.抽象: 抽象就是忽略一个主题中与当前目标无关的那些方面,以便更充分地注意与当前目标有关的方面.抽象并不打算了解全部问题,而只是选择其中的一部分,暂时不用部分细节.抽象 ...
- [Swift]LeetCode69. x 的平方根 | Sqrt(x)
Implement int sqrt(int x). Compute and return the square root of x, where x is guaranteed to be a no ...
- [Swift]LeetCode74. 搜索二维矩阵 | Search a 2D Matrix
Write an efficient algorithm that searches for a value in an m x n matrix. This matrix has the follo ...
- [Swift]LeetCode689. 三个无重叠子数组的最大和 | Maximum Sum of 3 Non-Overlapping Subarrays
In a given array nums of positive integers, find three non-overlapping subarrays with maximum sum. E ...
- java客户端与服务端交互通用处理 框架解析
一.综述 java 客户端与服务端交互过程中,采用NIO通讯是异步的,客户端基本采用同一处理范式,来进行同异步的调用处理. 处理模型有以下几个要素: 1. NIO发送消息后返回的Future 2. 每 ...
- Docker 搭建pxc集群 + haproxy + keepalived 高可用（二）
上一节我们有了两个分片的pxc集群,这一节我们接着安装haproxy和keepalived的实现集群的高可用 一.先下载haproxy的镜像 [root@localhost ~]# docker pu ...
- linux终端文本编辑神器vi的使用
vi —— 终端中的编辑器 目标 vi 简介 打开和新建文件 三种工作模式 常用命令 分屏命令 常用命令速查图 01. vi 简介 1.1 学习 vi 的目的 在工作中,要对 服务器 上的文件进行 简 ...
- Spring Cloud Greenwich 正式发布，Hystrix 即将寿终正寝。。
Spring Cloud Greenwich 正式版在 01/23/2019 这天正式发布了,下面我们来看下有哪些更新内容. 生命周期终止提醒 Spring Cloud Edgware Edgware ...
- linux静态ip的设置
我们经常使用虚拟机安装(我使用的linux版本是CentOS6.5),然后配置服务器的web环境,用于程序的调试.默认情况下,linux使用动态ip,每次启动linux时,它的ip地址都有可能发生变化 ...