使用WCF的Trace与Message Log功能
原创地址：http://www.cnblogs.com/jfzhu/p/4030008.html
转载请注明出处
前面介绍过如何创建一个WCF Service http://www.cnblogs.com/jfzhu/p/4025448.html，本文介绍一下如何开启与查看WCF的Message Log和Trace Log。
（一）使用WCF Service Configuration Editor开启Trace与Message Log功能
如果安装了Visual Studio，我们可以使用WCF Service Configuration Editor来开启WCF的Trace和Message Log的功能。Trace和Log既可以在客户端做，也可以在服务器端做。
有两种方式可以打开WCF Service Configuration Editor
（1）Visual Studio Tools –> WCF Service Configuration Editor:
（2）直接在Solution Explorer中右键点击app.config –> Edit WCF Configuration:
打开WCF Service Configuration Editor后，我们需要点击
- Enable Log Auto-Flush
- Enable MessageLogging
- Enable Tracing
还要将LogEntireMessage改为True:
保存配置文件，可以看到文件夹中多了两个文件，一个是message log文件，另一个是trace log文件：
（二）调用WCF Service
演示的解决方案如下：
Employee.cs：
namespace HelloService
{
[DataContract(Namespace="http://jfzhu.com/2014/10/16/Employee")]
public class Employee
{
private int id;
private string name;
private DateTime birthdate; [DataMember(Name="Id", Order=)]
public int Id
{
get { return id; }
set { id = value; }
} [DataMember(Order = )]
public string Name
{
get { return name; }
set { name = value; }
} [DataMember(Order = )]
public DateTime Birthdate
{
get { return birthdate; }
set { birthdate = value; }
}
}
}
IHelloService.cs
namespace HelloService
{
[ServiceContract(Name = "IHelloService")]
public interface IHelloService
{
[OperationContract(Name="GetMessage")]
string GetMessage(string name); [OperationContract]
Employee GetEmployee(int id);
}
}
HelloService.cs
namespace HelloService
{
public class HelloService : IHelloService
{
public string GetMessage(string name)
{
return "Hello " + name;
} public Employee GetEmployee(int id)
{
return new Employee() { Id = id, Name="Neil Klugman", Birthdate=new DateTime(, , )};
}
}
}
Host的web.config
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<configuration>
<system.serviceModel>
<diagnostics>
<messageLogging logEntireMessage="true" logMalformedMessages="true"
logMessagesAtTransportLevel="true" />
</diagnostics>
<services>
<service name="HelloService.HelloService" behaviorConfiguration="metaBehavior">
<endpoint address="HelloService" binding="basicHttpBinding" contract="HelloService.IHelloService"></endpoint>
<endpoint address="mex" binding="mexHttpBinding" contract="IMetadataExchange"></endpoint>
<host>
<baseAddresses>
<add baseAddress="http://localhost:8080"/>
</baseAddresses>
</host>
</service>
</services>
<behaviors>
<serviceBehaviors>
<behavior name="metaBehavior">
<serviceMetadata httpGetEnabled="true"/>
</behavior>
</serviceBehaviors>
</behaviors>
</system.serviceModel>
</configuration>
Client的Form1.cs
namespace WindowsClient
{
public partial class Form1 : Form
{
public Form1()
{
InitializeComponent();
} private void buttonGetMessage_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
HelloService.HelloServiceClient client = new HelloService.HelloServiceClient();
labelGetMessage.Text = client.GetMessage(textBoxGetMessage.Text);
} private void buttonGetEmployee_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
HelloService.HelloServiceClient client = new HelloService.HelloServiceClient();
HelloService.Employee employee = client.GetEmployee(Convert.ToInt32(textBoxGetEmployee.Text));
labelId.Text = "Id: " + employee.Id.ToString();
labelName.Text = "Name: " + employee.Name;
labelBirthdate.Text = "Birthdate: " + employee.Birthdate.ToString("yyyy-MM-dd");
}
}
}
Client的app.config
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?>
<configuration>
<system.diagnostics>
<sources>
<source name="System.ServiceModel.MessageLogging" switchValue="Warning,ActivityTracing">
<listeners>
<add type="System.Diagnostics.DefaultTraceListener" name="Default">
<filter type="" />
</add>
<add name="ServiceModelMessageLoggingListener">
<filter type="" />
</add>
</listeners>
</source>
<source propagateActivity="true" name="System.ServiceModel" switchValue="Warning,ActivityTracing">
<listeners>
<add type="System.Diagnostics.DefaultTraceListener" name="Default">
<filter type="" />
</add>
<add name="ServiceModelTraceListener">
<filter type="" />
</add>
</listeners>
</source>
</sources>
<sharedListeners>
<add initializeData="c:\temp\helloservice\windowsclient\app_messages.svclog"
type="System.Diagnostics.XmlWriterTraceListener, System, Version=4.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=b77a5c561934e089"
name="ServiceModelMessageLoggingListener" traceOutputOptions="Timestamp">
<filter type="" />
</add>
<add initializeData="c:\temp\helloservice\windowsclient\app_tracelog.svclog"
type="System.Diagnostics.XmlWriterTraceListener, System, Version=4.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=b77a5c561934e089"
name="ServiceModelTraceListener" traceOutputOptions="Timestamp">
<filter type="" />
</add>
</sharedListeners>
<trace autoflush="true" />
</system.diagnostics>
<system.serviceModel>
<diagnostics>
<messageLogging logEntireMessage="true" logMalformedMessages="true"
logMessagesAtTransportLevel="true" />
</diagnostics>
<bindings>
<basicHttpBinding>
<binding name="BasicHttpBinding_IHelloService" />
</basicHttpBinding>
</bindings>
<client>
<endpoint address="http://192.168.6.47:8080/HelloService.svc/HelloService"
binding="basicHttpBinding" bindingConfiguration="BasicHttpBinding_IHelloService"
contract="HelloService.IHelloService" name="BasicHttpBinding_IHelloService" />
</client>
</system.serviceModel>
</configuration>
可以看到整个<system.diagnostics>部分都是用来配置Message Log和Trace Log的。
运行客户端，分别点击GetMessage按钮和GetEmployee按钮，调用两个WCF Service。
（三）使用Microsoft Service Trace Viewer查看Message Log
使用Microsoft Service Trace Viewer来看Message Log文件app_messages.svclog（除了直接双击文件可以打开查看之外，也可以在VS Command Prompt上键入命令 SVCTRACEVIWER）。
因为调用了两次WCF Service，所以在左边面板看到两个Activity。
右边面板上面的第一条记录是Request，第二条记录是Reponse。
GetMessage的request
<MessageLogTraceRecord>
<Addressing xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/2004/06/ServiceModel/Management/MessageTrace">
<Action>http://tempuri.org/IHelloService/GetMessage</Action>
<To>http://192.168.6.47:8080/HelloService.svc/HelloService</To>
</Addressing>
<HttpRequest xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/2004/06/ServiceModel/Management/MessageTrace">
<Method>POST</Method>
<QueryString></QueryString>
<WebHeaders>
<VsDebuggerCausalityData>uIDPo0e70YqoeAJIhBNYwyqk3TgAAAAAdUnEReYNIkKGPM4fV5qHKsd96tBerBNIg+gFdw79jjIACQAA</VsDebuggerCausalityData>
</WebHeaders>
</HttpRequest>
<s:Envelope xmlns:s="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/">
<s:Header>
<ActivityId CorrelationId="f8f62c36-528f-40c7-9b4b-b6b45b57bedd" xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/2004/09/ServiceModel/Diagnostics">271f2185-f90c-43b2-9086-ba9b8e0b3bd8</ActivityId>
</s:Header>
<s:Body>
<GetMessage xmlns="http://tempuri.org/">
<name>JF</name>
</GetMessage>
</s:Body>
</s:Envelope>
</MessageLogTraceRecord>
GetMessage的response
<MessageLogTraceRecord>
<HttpResponse xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/2004/06/ServiceModel/Management/MessageTrace">
<StatusCode>OK</StatusCode>
<StatusDescription>OK</StatusDescription>
<WebHeaders>
<Content-Encoding></Content-Encoding>
<Vary>Accept-Encoding</Vary>
<Content-Length>145</Content-Length>
<Content-Type>text/xml; charset=utf-8</Content-Type>
<Date>Thu, 16 Oct 2014 14:37:35 GMT</Date>
<Server>Microsoft-IIS/8.0</Server>
<X-Powered-By>ASP.NET</X-Powered-By>
</WebHeaders>
</HttpResponse>
<s:Envelope xmlns:s="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/">
<s:Header></s:Header>
<s:Body>
<GetMessageResponse xmlns="http://tempuri.org/">
<GetMessageResult>Hello JF</GetMessageResult>
</GetMessageResponse>
</s:Body>
</s:Envelope>
</MessageLogTraceRecord>
GetEmployee的request
<MessageLogTraceRecord>
<Addressing xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/2004/06/ServiceModel/Management/MessageTrace">
<Action>http://tempuri.org/IHelloService/GetEmployee</Action>
<To>http://192.168.6.47:8080/HelloService.svc/HelloService</To>
</Addressing>
<HttpRequest xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/2004/06/ServiceModel/Management/MessageTrace">
<Method>POST</Method>
<QueryString></QueryString>
<WebHeaders>
<VsDebuggerCausalityData>uIDPo0i70YqoeAJIhBNYwyqk3TgAAAAAdUnEReYNIkKGPM4fV5qHKsd96tBerBNIg+gFdw79jjIACQAA</VsDebuggerCausalityData>
</WebHeaders>
</HttpRequest>
<s:Envelope xmlns:s="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/">
<s:Header>
<ActivityId CorrelationId="478b437e-923a-41bc-bbd0-fc932fa664ed" xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/2004/09/ServiceModel/Diagnostics">0fa3ee85-87fc-4a76-8047-965b049882c6</ActivityId>
</s:Header>
<s:Body>
<GetEmployee xmlns="http://tempuri.org/">
<id>1</id>
</GetEmployee>
</s:Body>
</s:Envelope>
</MessageLogTraceRecord>
GetEmployee的response
<MessageLogTraceRecord>
<HttpResponse xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/2004/06/ServiceModel/Management/MessageTrace">
<StatusCode>OK</StatusCode>
<StatusDescription>OK</StatusDescription>
<WebHeaders>
<Content-Encoding></Content-Encoding>
<Vary>Accept-Encoding</Vary>
<Content-Length>247</Content-Length>
<Content-Type>text/xml; charset=utf-8</Content-Type>
<Date>Thu, 16 Oct 2014 14:37:38 GMT</Date>
<Server>Microsoft-IIS/8.0</Server>
<X-Powered-By>ASP.NET</X-Powered-By>
</WebHeaders>
</HttpResponse>
<s:Envelope xmlns:s="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/">
<s:Header></s:Header>
<s:Body>
<GetEmployeeResponse xmlns="http://tempuri.org/">
<GetEmployeeResult xmlns:a="http://jfzhu.com/2014/10/16/Employee" xmlns:i="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<a:Id>1</a:Id>
<a:Name>Neil Klugman</a:Name>
<a:Birthdate>1930-01-31T00:00:00</a:Birthdate>
</GetEmployeeResult>
</GetEmployeeResponse>
</s:Body>
</s:Envelope>
</MessageLogTraceRecord>
（四）使用Fiddler来查看Message Log
如果使用Fiddler来查看Message Log的话，就不需要使用WCF Service Configuration Editor开启Log功能了。下图Fiddler中左边面板的两条记录分表表示两次WCF Service的调用。
右边面板上半部分表示request，下半部分表示response，基本和Microsoft Service Trace Viewer的布局差不多。
GetMessage的调用：
request:
<s:Envelope xmlns:s="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/">
<s:Header>
<ActivityId CorrelationId="a0148182-42f9-421c-b7d0-7a9f3edb7364" xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/2004/09/ServiceModel/Diagnostics">7b920c1f-51b6-4ee0-9e32-e2f01fcd2e4c</ActivityId>
</s:Header>
<s:Body>
<GetMessage xmlns="http://tempuri.org/">
<name>JF</name>
</GetMessage>
</s:Body>
</s:Envelope>
response:
<s:Envelope xmlns:s="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/">
<s:Body>
<GetMessageResponse xmlns="http://tempuri.org/">
<GetMessageResult>Hello JF</GetMessageResult>
</GetMessageResponse>
</s:Body>
</s:Envelope>
GetEmployee的调用：
request:
<s:Envelope xmlns:s="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/">
<s:Header>
<ActivityId CorrelationId="ee409ce5-5ac4-4526-9f24-155bdfe86b0e" xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/2004/09/ServiceModel/Diagnostics">2968a624-c51a-4247-a4ce-73e0548585fd</ActivityId>
</s:Header>
<s:Body>
<GetEmployee xmlns="http://tempuri.org/">
<id>1</id>
</GetEmployee>
</s:Body>
</s:Envelope>
response:
<s:Envelope xmlns:s="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/">
<s:Body>
<GetEmployeeResponse xmlns="http://tempuri.org/">
<GetEmployeeResult xmlns:a="http://jfzhu.com/2014/10/16/Employee" xmlns:i="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<a:Id>1</a:Id>
<a:Name>Neil Klugman</a:Name>
<a:Birthdate>1930-01-31T00:00:00</a:Birthdate>
</GetEmployeeResult>
</GetEmployeeResponse>
</s:Body>
</s:Envelope>
（五）总结
- Visual Studio提供了自己的Message Log和Trace Log的功能，本文主要演示了如何开启他们，以及如何查看Message Log。
- 开启这些功能可以使用WCF Service Configuration Editor。
- 查看这些Log可以使用Microsoft Service Trace Viewer。
- Logging功能可以在客户端做也可以在服务器端做。
- 不使用微软提供的工具，使用Fiddler也可以监控到调用WCF Service时发送和收到的消息。
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