【Flask 3.1.2】2 获取请求数据与返回json数据

需要request包

获取请求数据

GET 方式请求（默认）

关键代码

# http://127.0.0.1:5000/index                   执行index() GET
# http://127.0.0.1:5000/index?age=18&pwd=123456 执行index() GET 默认
@app.route("/index")
def index():
    age = request.args.get("age") # 获取用户url传递过来的参数
    pwd = request.args.get("pwd")
    print(age, pwd)
    return "成功"

完整代码

from flask import Flask, request

app = Flask(__name__)

# http://127.0.0.1:5000/index                   执行index() GET
# http://127.0.0.1:5000/index?age=18&pwd=123456 执行index() GET 默认
@app.route("/index")
def index():
    age = request.args.get("age") # 获取用户url传递过来的参数
    pwd = request.args.get("pwd")
    print(age, pwd)
    return "成功"

@app.route("/home")
def home():
    return "失败"

if __name__ == '__main__':
    app.run(host="127.0.0.1", port=5000)

POST 方式请求

可以在请求体中包含一些数据

关键代码

# http://127.0.0.1:5000/index                   执行index() POST
@app.route("/index", methods=["POST", "GET"])
def index():
    age = request.form.get("age") # 获取用户请求体传递过来的参数
    pwd = request.form.get("pwd")
    print(age, pwd)
    return "成功"

完整代码

from flask import Flask, request

app = Flask(__name__)

# http://127.0.0.1:5000/index                   执行index() GET
# http://127.0.0.1:5000/index?age=18&pwd=123456 执行index() GET 默认
# http://127.0.0.1:5000/index                   执行index() POST
@app.route("/index", methods=["POST", "GET"])
def index():
    age = request.form.get("age") # 获取用户请求体传递过来的参数
    pwd = request.form.get("pwd")
    print(age, pwd)
    return "成功"

@app.route("/home")
def home():
    return "失败"

if __name__ == '__main__':
    app.run(host="127.0.0.1", port=5000)

写一个小脚本post.py来模拟发送POST请求

import requests

# 目标URL
url = "http://127.0.0.1:5000/index"

# 要发送的请求体数据（字典形式）
data = {
    "age": "18",
    "pwd": "123456"
}

# 发送POST请求
response = requests.post(url, data=data)

# 处理响应
print("状态码:", response.status_code)  # 200表示成功
print("响应内容:", response.text)        # 响应的文本内容

# 如果响应是JSON格式，可以直接解析
if response.status_code == 200:
    try:
        json_data = response.json()
        print("JSON响应:", json_data)
    except ValueError:
        print("响应不是JSON格式")

可以看到返回

Flask后台返回

GET与 POST的对比

返回json结果

关键代码

return jsonify({'status': True, 'data': "hello, flask"})

完整代码

from flask import Flask, request, jsonify

app = Flask(__name__)

# http://127.0.0.1:5000/index                   执行index() GET
# http://127.0.0.1:5000/index?age=18&pwd=123456 执行index() GET 默认
# http://127.0.0.1:5000/index                   执行index() POST
@app.route("/index", methods=["POST", "GET"])
def index():
    age = request.form.get("age") # 获取用户请求体传递过来的参数
    pwd = request.form.get("pwd")
    print(age, pwd)

    return jsonify({'status': True, 'data': "hello, flask"})

@app.route("/home")
def home():
    return "失败"

if __name__ == '__main__':
    app.run(host="127.0.0.1", port=5000)

请求端可以看到返回的结果

服务器端可以正确接收

网页可以正常显示

参考资料

[1] 【最快速度搞定Flask-框架教程】01~04