200行Python代码实现贪吃蛇

话不多说，最后会给出全部的代码，也可以从这里Fork，正文开始；

目前实现的功能列表：

  1. 贪吃蛇的控制，通过上下左右方向键；
  2. 触碰到边缘、墙壁、自身则游戏结束；
  3. 接触到食物则食物消失，同时根据食物类型身体会变长；
  4. 目前长度显示；
  5. 暂停、死亡界面；

运行动图

代码片段分析

各个部分绘制的代码

# 游戏背景以及最下方用于显示文字的背景

def draw_background():

    # white background

    screen.fill(COLORS['white'])

    pygame.draw.rect(screen,COLORS['black'],(-100,GAME_SIZE[1],3000,200),0)

# 绘制墙壁

def draw_wall():

    for xy in wall_list:

        pygame.draw.rect(screen,COLORS['darkgray'],(xy[0]-WALL_WIDTH/2,xy[1]-WALL_WIDTH/2,WALL_WIDTH,WALL_HEIGHT),0)

# 绘制蛇，包括头和身体

def draw_snake():

    head = snake_list[0]

    pygame.draw.circle(screen,COLORS['darkred'],(head[0],head[1]),int(SNAKE_WIDTH/2),0)

    for xy in snake_list[1:]:

        pygame.draw.rect(screen,COLORS['darkred'],(xy[0]-SNAKE_WIDTH/2,xy[1]-SNAKE_WIDTH/2,SNAKE_WIDTH,SNAKE_HEIGHT),2)

# 绘制食物

def draw_food():

    for xyz in food_list:

        pygame.draw.rect(screen,FOOD_COLORS[xyz[2]-1],(xyz[0]-FOOD_WIDTH/2,xyz[1]-FOOD_WIDTH/2,FOOD_WIDTH,FOOD_HEIGHT),0)

# 绘制下方的身体长度记录

def draw_context():

    txt = FONT_M.render('Snake length: '+str(len(snake_list)-1),True,COLORS['lightblue'])

    x,y = 10,GAME_SIZE[1]+(int((SIZE[1]-GAME_SIZE[1])/2))

    y = int(y-FONT_M.size('Count')[1]/2)

    screen.blit(txt,(x,y))

# 绘制暂停界面

def draw_pause():

    s = pygame.Surface(SIZE, pygame.SRCALPHA)

    s.fill((255,255,255,220))

    screen.blit(s, (0,0))

    txt = FONT_M.render('PAUSE',True,COLORS['darkgray'])

    x,y = SIZE[0]/2,SIZE[1]/2

    x,y = int(x-FONT_M.size('PAUSE')[0]/2),int(y-FONT_M.size('PAUSE')[1]/2)

    screen.blit(txt,(x,y))

# 绘制死亡界面

def draw_dead():

    s = pygame.Surface(SIZE, pygame.SRCALPHA)

    s.fill((255,255,255,240))

    screen.blit(s, (0,0))

    txt = FONT_M.render('YOU DEAD',True,COLORS['black'])

    x,y = SIZE[0]/2,SIZE[1]/2

    x,y = int(x-FONT_M.size('YOU DEAD')[0]/2),int(y-FONT_M.size('YOU DEAD')[1]/2)

    screen.blit(txt,(x,y))

死亡与食物的碰撞检查

# 矩形覆盖检查作为碰撞检测，思路是取反，即取所有不会覆盖的情况的反即可

def rect_cover(rect1,rect2):

    left1 = int(rect1[0])

    right1 = int(rect1[0]+rect1[2])

    up1 = int(rect1[1])

    down1 = int(rect1[1]+rect1[3])

    left2 = int(rect2[0])

    right2 = int(rect2[0]+rect2[2])

    up2 = int(rect2[1])

    down2 = int(rect2[1]+rect2[3])

    if not (right2<=left1 or left2>=right1 or down2<=up1 or up2>=down1):

        return True

    return False

# 检查是否碰到食物

def check_food():

    # 头与食物

    first = snake_list[0]

    snake_head_rect = (first[0]-SNAKE_WIDTH/2,first[1]-SNAKE_WIDTH/2,SNAKE_WIDTH,SNAKE_HEIGHT)

    for i in range(len(food_list)):

        xyz = food_list[i]

        food_rect = (xyz[0]-FOOD_WIDTH/2,xyz[1]-FOOD_WIDTH/2,FOOD_WIDTH,FOOD_HEIGHT)

        if rect_cover(snake_head_rect,food_rect):

            add_body(xyz[2])

            del food_list[i]

            return True

    return False

# 检查是否碰到边缘、墙壁或者自己的身体

def check_dead():

    first = snake_list[0]

    snake_head_rect = (first[0]-SNAKE_WIDTH/2,first[1]-SNAKE_WIDTH/2,SNAKE_WIDTH,SNAKE_HEIGHT)

    # 头与边缘

    if first[0] < 0 or first[0] > GAME_SIZE[0] or first[1] < 0 or first[1] > GAME_SIZE[1]:

        return True

    # 头与墙壁

    for xy in wall_list:

        wall_rect = (xy[0]-WALL_WIDTH/2,xy[1]-WALL_WIDTH/2,WALL_WIDTH,WALL_HEIGHT)

        if rect_cover(snake_head_rect,wall_rect):

            return True

    # 头与自身

    for xy in snake_list[1:]:

        body_rect = (xy[0]-SNAKE_WIDTH/2,xy[1]-SNAKE_WIDTH/2,SNAKE_WIDTH,SNAKE_HEIGHT)

        if rect_cover(snake_head_rect,body_rect):

            return True

    return False

更新食物以及增加蛇的身体长度

def add_food():

    while(True):

        xyz = [random.choice(X_LIST),random.choice(Y_LIST),random.choice([1,2,3,4])]

        if xyz not in wall_list:

            food_list.append(xyz)

            break

def add_body(length=1):

    for c in range(length):

        # 尾巴加一节

        last2,last1 = snake_list[-2],snake_list[-1]

        if last2[0]==last1[0]: # 竖着的两段

            if last2[1]>last1[1]: # 朝下

                snake_list.append([last1[0],last1[1]-SNAKE_WIDTH])

            else:

                snake_list.append([last1[0],last1[1]+SNAKE_WIDTH])

        else: # 横着的两段

            if last2[0]>last1[0]: # 朝右

                snake_list.append([last1[0]-SNAKE_WIDTH,last1[1]])

            else:

                snake_list.append([last1[0]+SNAKE_WIDTH,last1[1]])

蛇的自动移动

# 通过按键判断当前蛇的朝向

if event.key == K_LEFT:

    if head in ['up','down']:

        head = 'left'

elif event.key == K_RIGHT:

    if head in ['up','down']:

        head = 'right'

elif event.key == K_UP:

    if head in ['left','right']:

        head = 'up'

elif event.key == K_DOWN:

    if head in ['left','right']:

        head = 'down'

# 通过朝向判断蛇的下一个位置

first = snake_list[0]

snake_list[1:] = snake_list[:-1]

if head == 'up':

    snake_list[0] = [first[0],first[1]-SNAKE_WIDTH]

elif head == 'down':

    snake_list[0] = [first[0],first[1]+SNAKE_WIDTH]

elif head == 'left':

    snake_list[0] = [first[0]-SNAKE_WIDTH,first[1]]

elif head == 'right':

    snake_list[0] = [first[0]+SNAKE_WIDTH,first[1]]

全部代码

import sys,random

import pygame

from pygame.color import THECOLORS as COLORS

from pygame.locals import *

def draw_background():

    # white background

    screen.fill(COLORS['white'])

    pygame.draw.rect(screen,COLORS['black'],(-100,GAME_SIZE[1],3000,200),0)

def draw_wall():

    for xy in wall_list:

        pygame.draw.rect(screen,COLORS['darkgray'],(xy[0]-WALL_WIDTH/2,xy[1]-WALL_WIDTH/2,WALL_WIDTH,WALL_HEIGHT),0)

def draw_snake():

    head = snake_list[0]

    pygame.draw.circle(screen,COLORS['darkred'],(head[0],head[1]),int(SNAKE_WIDTH/2),0)

    for xy in snake_list[1:]:

        pygame.draw.rect(screen,COLORS['darkred'],(xy[0]-SNAKE_WIDTH/2,xy[1]-SNAKE_WIDTH/2,SNAKE_WIDTH,SNAKE_HEIGHT),2)

def draw_food():

    for xyz in food_list:

        pygame.draw.rect(screen,FOOD_COLORS[xyz[2]-1],(xyz[0]-FOOD_WIDTH/2,xyz[1]-FOOD_WIDTH/2,FOOD_WIDTH,FOOD_HEIGHT),0)

def draw_context():

    txt = FONT_M.render('Snake length: '+str(len(snake_list)-1),True,COLORS['lightblue'])

    x,y = 10,GAME_SIZE[1]+(int((SIZE[1]-GAME_SIZE[1])/2))

    y = int(y-FONT_M.size('Count')[1]/2)

    screen.blit(txt,(x,y))

def draw_pause():

    s = pygame.Surface(SIZE, pygame.SRCALPHA)

    s.fill((255,255,255,220))

    screen.blit(s, (0,0))

    txt = FONT_M.render('PAUSE',True,COLORS['darkgray'])

    x,y = SIZE[0]/2,SIZE[1]/2

    x,y = int(x-FONT_M.size('PAUSE')[0]/2),int(y-FONT_M.size('PAUSE')[1]/2)

    screen.blit(txt,(x,y))

def draw_dead():

    s = pygame.Surface(SIZE, pygame.SRCALPHA)

    s.fill((255,255,255,240))

    screen.blit(s, (0,0))

    txt = FONT_M.render('YOU DEAD',True,COLORS['black'])

    x,y = SIZE[0]/2,SIZE[1]/2

    x,y = int(x-FONT_M.size('YOU DEAD')[0]/2),int(y-FONT_M.size('YOU DEAD')[1]/2)

    screen.blit(txt,(x,y))

def rect_cover(rect1,rect2):

    left1 = int(rect1[0])

    right1 = int(rect1[0]+rect1[2])

    up1 = int(rect1[1])

    down1 = int(rect1[1]+rect1[3])

    left2 = int(rect2[0])

    right2 = int(rect2[0]+rect2[2])

    up2 = int(rect2[1])

    down2 = int(rect2[1]+rect2[3])

    if not (right2<=left1 or left2>=right1 or down2<=up1 or up2>=down1):

        return True

    return False

def add_food():

    while(True):

        xyz = [random.choice(X_LIST),random.choice(Y_LIST),random.choice([1,2,3,4])]

        if xyz not in wall_list:

            food_list.append(xyz)

            break

def add_body(length=1):

    for c in range(length):

        # 尾巴加一节

        last2,last1 = snake_list[-2],snake_list[-1]

        if last2[0]==last1[0]: # 竖着的两段

            if last2[1]>last1[1]: # 朝下

                snake_list.append([last1[0],last1[1]-SNAKE_WIDTH])

            else:

                snake_list.append([last1[0],last1[1]+SNAKE_WIDTH])

        else: # 横着的两段

            if last2[0]>last1[0]: # 朝右

                snake_list.append([last1[0]-SNAKE_WIDTH,last1[1]])

            else:

                snake_list.append([last1[0]+SNAKE_WIDTH,last1[1]])

def check_food():

    # 头与食物

    first = snake_list[0]

    snake_head_rect = (first[0]-SNAKE_WIDTH/2,first[1]-SNAKE_WIDTH/2,SNAKE_WIDTH,SNAKE_HEIGHT)

    for i in range(len(food_list)):

        xyz = food_list[i]

        food_rect = (xyz[0]-FOOD_WIDTH/2,xyz[1]-FOOD_WIDTH/2,FOOD_WIDTH,FOOD_HEIGHT)

        if rect_cover(snake_head_rect,food_rect):

            add_body(xyz[2])

            del food_list[i]

            return True

    return False

def check_dead():

    first = snake_list[0]

    snake_head_rect = (first[0]-SNAKE_WIDTH/2,first[1]-SNAKE_WIDTH/2,SNAKE_WIDTH,SNAKE_HEIGHT)

    # 头与边缘

    if first[0] < 0 or first[0] > GAME_SIZE[0] or first[1] < 0 or first[1] > GAME_SIZE[1]:

        return True

    # 头与墙壁

    for xy in wall_list:

        wall_rect = (xy[0]-WALL_WIDTH/2,xy[1]-WALL_WIDTH/2,WALL_WIDTH,WALL_HEIGHT)

        if rect_cover(snake_head_rect,wall_rect):

            return True

    # 头与自身

    for xy in snake_list[1:]:

        body_rect = (xy[0]-SNAKE_WIDTH/2,xy[1]-SNAKE_WIDTH/2,SNAKE_WIDTH,SNAKE_HEIGHT)

        if rect_cover(snake_head_rect,body_rect):

            return True

    return False

if __name__ == "__main__":

    # init pygame

    pygame.init()

    # contant

    GAME_SIZE = [900,900]

    SIZE = [GAME_SIZE[0],GAME_SIZE[1]+100]

    FONT_S = pygame.font.SysFont('Times', 50)

    FONT_M = pygame.font.SysFont('Times', 90)

    DIRECTION = ['up','right','down','left']

    X_LIST = [x for x in range(GAME_SIZE[0])]

    Y_LIST = [y for y in range(GAME_SIZE[1])]

    FOOD_COLORS = ((46,139,87),(199,21,133),(25,25,112),(255,215,0))

    # wall

    wall_list = [[100,200],[600,500],[350,200],[500,800]]

    WALL_WIDTH,WALL_HEIGHT = 30,30

    # food

    food_list = [(150,200,1),(300,500,1),(740,542,1),(300,600,1),(700,600,1)]

    FOOD_WIDTH,FOOD_HEIGHT = 14,14

    # create screen 500*500

    screen = pygame.display.set_mode(SIZE)

    # variable parameter

    snake_list = [[100+12*4,100],[100+12*3,100],[100+12*2,100],[100+12*1,100],[100,100]]

    SNAKE_WIDTH,SNAKE_HEIGHT = 12,12

    snake_v = 0

    count_time = 0

    # level

    frame = 0.05

    level = 1

    # main loop

    running = True

    pause = False

    dead = False

    head = 'right'

    while running:

        for event in pygame.event.get():

            if event.type == pygame.QUIT:

                running = False

                break

            elif event.type == pygame.MOUSEBUTTONDOWN:

                pause = not pause

            elif event.type == pygame.KEYUP:

                if event.key == K_LEFT:

                    if head in ['up','down']:

                        head = 'left'

                elif event.key == K_RIGHT:

                    if head in ['up','down']:

                        head = 'right'

                elif event.key == K_UP:

                    if head in ['left','right']:

                        head = 'up'

                elif event.key == K_DOWN:

                    if head in ['left','right']:

                        head = 'down'

        # update data

        if not pause and not dead:

            count_time += frame*level

            first = snake_list[0]

            snake_list[1:] = snake_list[:-1]

            if head == 'up':

                snake_list[0] = [first[0],first[1]-SNAKE_WIDTH]

            elif head == 'down':

                snake_list[0] = [first[0],first[1]+SNAKE_WIDTH]

            elif head == 'left':

                snake_list[0] = [first[0]-SNAKE_WIDTH,first[1]]

            elif head == 'right':

                snake_list[0] = [first[0]+SNAKE_WIDTH,first[1]]

        # background

        draw_background()

        # tunnel

        draw_wall()

        # choose item

        draw_snake()

        # food

        draw_food()

        # point

        draw_context()

        # pause

        if not dead and pause:

            draw_pause()

        # dead

        if dead:

            draw_dead()

        # flip

        pygame.display.flip()

        # pause 20ms

        pygame.time.delay(int(frame/level*1000))

        # check win or not

        dead = check_dead()

        if check_food():

            add_food()

    pygame.quit()

再贴一下这个仓库的链接

小游戏集合仓库

最后

大家可以到我的Github上看看有没有其他需要的东西，目前主要是自己做的机器学习项目、Python各种脚本工具、有意思的小项目以及Follow的大佬、Fork的项目等：

https://github.com/NemoHoHaloAi

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