中文字符串的编码转换(c实现)

中文字符串在c/c++中表示为字节序列，在分词的时候需要根据不同的编码方式进行分词，一般分词器需要转换成统一的编码方式再进行转换，有些分词器如ICTCLAS在分词的时候可以不显示定义编码方式，可以检测字符串的编码方式再进行转换，本文就项目中用到的几种编码转换方式进行总结，主要利用了iconv进行编码转换。

const bchar_t zero[1] = {L'\0'}; void gbk_utf16le(char* inbuf, size_t inlen, char* outbuf) { iconv_t cd = iconv_open( "UTF-16LE//IGNORE", "GBK"); bzero( outbuf, inlen*4); char *in = inbuf; char *out = outbuf; size_t outlen = inlen*4; iconv(cd, &in, (size_t *)&inlen, &out,&outlen); if( outlen>=sizeof(bchar_t) ) *((bchar_t *) out) = L'\0'; iconv_close(cd); } void utf16le_gbk(char* inbuf, size_t inlen, char* outbuf) { iconv_t cd = iconv_open( "GBK//IGNORE", "UTF-16LE"); bzero( outbuf, inlen*4); char *in = inbuf; char *out = outbuf; size_t outlen = inlen*4; iconv(cd, &in, (size_t *)&inlen, &out,&outlen); if( outlen>=sizeof(char) ) *((char *) out) = '\0'; iconv_close(cd); } void utf16le_utf8(char* inbuf, size_t inlen, char* outbuf) { iconv_t cd = iconv_open( "UTF-8//IGNORE", "UTF-16LE"); bzero( outbuf, inlen*4); char *in = inbuf; char *out = outbuf; size_t outlen = inlen*4; iconv(cd, &in, (size_t *)&inlen, &out,&outlen); if( outlen>=sizeof(char) ) *((char *) out) = '\0'; iconv_close(cd); } void gbk_utf16le(char* inbuf, size_t inlen, char* outbuf,uint32_t& outbuflen) { iconv_t cd = iconv_open( "UTF-16LE//IGNORE", "GBK"); bzero( outbuf, inlen*4); char *in = inbuf; char *out = outbuf; size_t outlen = inlen*4; outbuflen = outlen; iconv(cd, &in, (size_t *)&inlen, &out,&outlen); //outlen is bytes of outbuf not used outbuflen -= outlen; if( outlen>=sizeof(bchar_t) ) *((bchar_t *) out) = L'\0'; iconv_close(cd); } void utf8_gbk(char* inbuf, size_t inlen, char* outbuf) { iconv_t cd = iconv_open( "GBK//IGNORE", "UTF-8"); bzero( outbuf, inlen*4); char *in = inbuf; char *out = outbuf; size_t outlen = inlen*4; iconv(cd, &in, (size_t *)&inlen, &out,&outlen); if( outlen>=sizeof(char) ) *((char *) out) = '\0'; iconv_close(cd); } /*将char类型转换为uint16类型，主要是将2个字节的char拼成1个16进制数*/ void ch_uint16(char* inbuf, int& inlen, uint16_t* outbuf, int& outlen) { char *in = inbuf; uint16_t *out = outbuf; int k = 0; outlen = 0; char temp[20]; memset(temp,0,20); for(;k+2<=inlen;k+=2){ if( int(in[k]&0xFF) >15){ sprintf(temp,"%x%x",in[k+1]&0xFF ,in[k]&0xFF);} else{ sprintf(temp,"%x%d%x",in[k+1]&0xFF,0,in[k]&0xFF);} uint16_t ut; sscanf(temp,"%x",&ut); out[outlen] = ut ; outlen++ ; } out[outlen] = L'\0'; }