通过WMI接口监控服务器性能

WMI 是微软操作系统的一个内置的组件，通过使用WMI我们可以获取服务器硬件信息、收集服务器性能数据、操作Windows服务，甚至可以远程关机或是重启服务器。

一、在C#编程中使用WMI

要想在C#程序中使用WMI，必须添加System.Management.dll的引用，并使用System.Management命名空间。该命名空间提供对一组符合WMI基础结构的系统、设备和应用程序的管理信息和管理事件的访问。这里介绍一下常用的几个类：

ManagementScope用以连接WMI命名空间。

ManagementBaseObject包含管理对象的基本元素。

ManagementObject表示WMI实例。

ManagementObjectCollection表示通过WMI检索到的管理对象的集合。

ManagementObjectSearcher表示基于指定的查询检索管理对象的集合。该类也是用于检索管理信息的较为常用的入口点之一。

本人在写代码时将自己常用的一些关于WMI的基本操作进行了简单的包装。

1.ManagementScope

     public ManagementScope GetManagementScope()
     {
         if (_managementScope == null)
         {
             if (Environment.MachineName.ToLower() == ServerName.ToLower())
             {
                 _managementScope = new ManagementScope("\\\\" + ServerIP + "\\root\\cimv2");
             }
             else if (UserName != null && UserName.Length > )
             {
                 ConnectionOptions connectionOptions = new ConnectionOptions();
                 connectionOptions.Username = UserName;
                 connectionOptions.Password = Password;
                 _managementScope = new ManagementScope("\\\\" + ServerIP + "\\root\\cimv2", connectionOptions);
             }
             else
             {
                 throw new ManagementException();
             }
         }
         return _managementScope;
     }

2.ManagementObjectSearcher

     private ManagementObjectSearcher GetManagementObjectSearcher(string wql)
     {
         return new ManagementObjectSearcher(GetManagementScope(), new SelectQuery(wql));
     }

3.得到ManagementBaseObject集合

     public List<ManagementBaseObject> GetManagementObjects(string wql)
     {
         List<ManagementBaseObject> managementObjects = new List<ManagementBaseObject>();
         ManagementObjectCollection collection = GetManagementObjectCollection(wql);
         foreach (ManagementObject managementObject in collection)
         {
             managementObjects.Add(managementObject);
         }
         return managementObjects;
     }

4.获取系统信息

     public object GetSystemInfo(ManagementBaseObject managementObject, string type)
     {
         return managementObject[type];
     }
     public object GetSystemInfo(string wql, string type)
     {
         return GetSystemInfo(GetManagementObjects(wql)[], type);
     }

有了这些基本操作作为基础，我们就来看一下如何方便的获取CPU、内存、硬盘等基本信息。

二、CPU

1.CPU型号

     public string Model()
     {
         return GetSystemInfo("SELECT * FROM Win32_Processor", "Name").ToString().Trim();
     }

2.获取CPU个数

     public int Number()
     {
         return GetManagementObjects("SELECT * FROM Win32_Processor").Count;
     }

3.CPU使用率

     public int AverageLoadPercentage()
     {
         int loadPercentage = ;
         List<ManagementBaseObject> collection = GetManagementObjects("SELECT * FROM Win32_Processor");
         foreach (ManagementObject managementObject in collection)
         {
             object load = GetSystemInfo(managementObject, "LoadPercentage");
             if (load == null)
             {
                 load = ;
             }
             loadPercentage += Int32.Parse(load.ToString());
         }
         return loadPercentage / collection.Count;
     }

三、内存

1.总内存数

     public string TotalSize()
     {
         float size = ;
         List<ManagementBaseObject> collection = GetManagementObjects("SELECT * FROM Win32_OperatingSystem");
         foreach (ManagementObject managementObject in collection)
         {
             size += long.Parse(GetSystemInfo(managementObject, "TotalVisibleMemorySize").ToString());
         }
         return (size / ).ToString("0.00") + "MB";
     }

2.剩余内存数

     public string FreeSize()
     {
         float size = ;
         List<ManagementBaseObject> collection = GetManagementObjects("SELECT * FROM Win32_OperatingSystem");
         foreach (ManagementObject managementObject in collection)
         {
             size += float.Parse(GetSystemInfo(managementObject, "FreePhysicalMemory").ToString());
         }
         return (size / ).ToString("0.00") + "MB";
     }

四、硬盘

1.定义逻辑硬盘结构

     public struct LogicalDisk
     {
         private string _deviceID;
         private long _size;
         private long _freeSize;

         public string Size
         {
             get
             {
                 return ((float) _size /  /  / ).ToString("0.00") + "GB";
             }
         }

         public string FreeSize
         {
             get
             {
                 return ((float) _freeSize /  /  / ).ToString("0.00") + "GB";
             }
         }

         public LogicalDisk(string deviceID, long size, long freeSize)
         {
             _deviceID = deviceID;
             _size = size;
             _freeSize = freeSize;
         }
     }

2.获取逻辑硬盘信息

     private void GetLogicalDisk()
     {
         List<ManagementBaseObject> collection = GetManagementObjects("SELECT * FROM Win32_LogicalDisk WHERE DriveType = " + (int)System.IO.DriveType.Fixed);

         foreach (ManagementObject managementObject in collection)
         {
             long size, freeSize;
             object managementObjectInfo;
             managementObjectInfo = GetSystemInfo(managementObject, "Size");
             if (managementObjectInfo == null)
             {
                 continue;
             }
             else
             {
                 size = long.Parse(GetSystemInfo(managementObject, "Size").ToString());
             }
             managementObjectInfo = GetSystemInfo(managementObject, "FreeSpace");
             if (managementObjectInfo == null)
             {
                 freeSize = ;
             }
             else
             {
                 freeSize = long.Parse(GetSystemInfo(managementObject, "FreeSpace").ToString());
             }
             string deviceID = GetSystemInfo(managementObject, "deviceid").ToString();
             _logicalDisks.Add(new LogicalDisk(deviceID, size, freeSize));
         }
     }

五、Windows服务

1.两个辅助方法

     private ManagementObject GetServiceObject()
     {
         return GetManagementObjects("SELECT * FROM Win32_Service WHERE Name = '" + Name + "'")[] as ManagementObject;
     }

     private object GetManagementObjectInfo(string type)
     {
         return GetSystemInfo(GetServiceObject(), type);
     }

2.服务运行状况

     public string Status()
     {
         return GetManagementObjectInfo("State") as string;
     }

3.启动服务

     public bool Start()
     {
         try
         {
             if (Status() == "Stopped")
             {
                 GetServiceObject().InvokeMethod("StartService", null);
                 while (Status() == "Start Pending") ;
                 return true;
             }
             return false;
         }
         catch (Exception e)
         {
             throw new Exception(Name + "服务启动失败", e);
         }
     }

4.停止服务

     public bool AcceptStop()
     {
         return (bool)GetManagementObjectInfo("AcceptStop");
     }

     public bool Stop()
     {
         try
         {
             if (AcceptStop())
             {
                 GetServiceObject().InvokeMethod("StopService", null);
                 while (Status() == "Stop Pending") ;
                 return true;
             }
             return false;
         }
         catch (Exception e)
         {
             throw new Exception(Name + "服务停止失败", e);
         }
     }