mysql主键uuid、uuid_short和int自增对比

数据库主键性能对比：

    　名称    　　　　存储长度    　 生成方式
1.　　uuid　　　　　　　32+4　　　　　uuid()函数

2.　　uuid20　　　　　　20    　　　 UUID_SHORT()函数

3.    bigint自增　　　 20    　　　 auto_increment

测试表：id_int（）、

-- uuid测试表
CREATE TABLE `id_uuid` (
  `id` varchar(50) NOT NULL,
  `name` varchar(100) DEFAULT NULL,
  PRIMARY KEY (`id`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;
-- uuid20测试表 【注：id是bigint unsigned 】
CREATE TABLE `id_uuid20` (
  `id` bigint(20) unsigned NOT NULL,
  `name` varchar(100) DEFAULT NULL,
  PRIMARY KEY (`id`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;
--int自增测试表（我本地使用的是int 可以改成bigint）
CREATE TABLE `id_int` (
  `id` int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
  `name` varchar(100) DEFAULT NULL,
  PRIMARY KEY (`id`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT=1 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;

初始化100w条数据的存储过程：

-- 初始化int自增
CREATE  PROCEDURE `int_init`(in  s int)
BEGIN
    DECLARE ct INT;
    SET ct=1;
    while ct<s DO
        insert into id_int( name) VALUES ( concat('aaa',ct));
        set ct=ct+1;
    END WHILE;
END

-- 初始化uuid20
CREATE  PROCEDURE `uuid20_init`( in  s int)
BEGIN
    DECLARE ct INT;
    SET ct=1;
    while ct<s DO
        insert into id_uuid20(id ,name) VALUES (uuid_short(), concat('aaa',ct));
        set ct=ct+1;
    END WHILE;
END

-- 初始化uuid

CREATE PROCEDURE `uuid_init`(in  s int)
BEGIN
    DECLARE ct INT;
    SET ct=1;
    while ct<s DO
        insert into id_uuid (id, name) VALUES (uuid(), concat('aaa',ct));
        set ct=ct+1;
    END WHILE;
END

-- 分别调用
call int_init(1000000);

call uuid20_init(1000000);

call uuid_init(1000000);

数据插入过程能发现int自增的插入速度明显高出另外两个，uuid()函数调用肯定没有自增快。不过相较于插入，我更关注查询的性能对比

count:  长整形的效率明显高于字符型的

mysql> select count(*) from id_int;
+----------+
| count(*) |
+----------+
|  2412382 |
+----------+
1 row in set (0.65 sec)

mysql> select count(*) from id_uuid;
+----------+
| count(*) |
+----------+
|  1005356 |
+----------+
1 row in set (6.11 sec)

mysql> select count(*) from id_uuid20;
+----------+
| count(*) |
+----------+
|  1000003 |
+----------+
1 row in set (0.82 sec)

基于主键查询：差别不大

mysql> select * from id_int where id = 555555;
+--------+-----------+
| id     | name      |
+--------+-----------+
| 555555 | aaa555538 |
+--------+-----------+
1 row in set (0.08 sec)

mysql> select * from id_uuid where id ='e27267ba-a897-11e6-b4a0-742f68b93fab';
+--------------------------------------+-----------+
| id                                   | name      |
+--------------------------------------+-----------+
| e27267ba-a897-11e6-b4a0-742f68b93fab | aaa550010 |
+--------------------------------------+-----------+
1 row in set (0.02 sec)

mysql> select * from id_uuid where id ='e27267ba-a897-11e6-b4a0-742f68b93fab';
+--------------------------------------+-----------+
| id                                   | name      |
+--------------------------------------+-----------+
| e27267ba-a897-11e6-b4a0-742f68b93fab | aaa550010 |
+--------------------------------------+-----------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> select * from id_uuid20 where id = 24811291965678717;
+-------------------+-----------+
| id                | name      |
+-------------------+-----------+
| 24811291965678717 | aaa550010 |
+-------------------+-----------+
1 row in set (0.04 sec)

基于name查询（无索引）：

mysql> select * from id_int where name = 'aaa550010';
+--------+-----------+
| id     | name      |
+--------+-----------+
| 550027 | aaa550010 |
+--------+-----------+
1 row in set (0.93 sec)

mysql> select * from id_uuid where name = 'aaa550010';
+--------------------------------------+-----------+
| id                                   | name      |
+--------------------------------------+-----------+
| e27267ba-a897-11e6-b4a0-742f68b93fab | aaa550010 |
+--------------------------------------+-----------+
1 row in set (6.36 sec)

mysql> select * from id_uuid20 where name = 'aaa550010';
+-------------------+-----------+
| id                | name      |
+-------------------+-----------+
| 24811291965678717 | aaa550010 |
+-------------------+-----------+
1 row in set (0.82 sec)

加入索引后

mysql> select * from id_int where name = 'aaa550010';
+--------+-----------+
| id     | name      |
+--------+-----------+
| 550027 | aaa550010 |
+--------+-----------+
1 row in set (0.06 sec)

mysql> select * from id_uuid where name = 'aaa550010';
+--------------------------------------+-----------+
| id                                   | name      |
+--------------------------------------+-----------+
| e27267ba-a897-11e6-b4a0-742f68b93fab | aaa550010 |
+--------------------------------------+-----------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> select * from id_int where name = 'aaa550010';
+--------+-----------+
| id     | name      |
+--------+-----------+
| 550027 | aaa550010 |
+--------+-----------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

插入操作：

mysql> insert into id_int (name) values('ccccd');
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.02 sec)

mysql> insert into id_uuid20 (id,name) values(uuid_short(),'ccccc');
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.13 sec)

mysql> insert into id_uuid20 (id,name) values(uuid_short(),'cccc1');
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.06 sec)

mysql> insert into id_uuid20 (id,name) values(uuid_short(),'cccc3');
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.07 sec)

mysql> insert into id_int (name) values('cccc1');
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.02 sec)

mysql> insert into id_int (name) values('cccc2');
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.07 sec)

mysql> insert into id_int (name) values('cccc3');
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.07 sec)

mysql> insert into id_uuid20 (id,name) values(5231231231111111,'cccc4');
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.04 sec)

mysql> insert into id_uuid20 (id,name) values(5231231231111112,'cccc5');
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.02 sec)

mysql> insert into id_uuid20 (id,name) values(5531231231111112,'cccc5');
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.07 sec)

mysql> insert into id_uuid (id,name) values(uuid(),'cccc1');
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.07 sec)

mysql> insert into id_uuid (id,name) values(uuid(),'cccc2');
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.05 sec)

mysql> insert into id_uuid (id,name) values(uuid(),'cccc3');
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.03 sec)

mysql> insert into id_uuid (id,name) values('11cccasdqwdeqweqw','cccc4');
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.07 sec)

mysql> insert into id_uuid (id,name) values('12cccasdqwdeqweqw','cccc5');
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.07 sec)

参考：http://j2ees.iteye.com/blog/1554423