框架----Django之Form提交验证（二）

一、Form提交验证之（学生表、老师表、班级表）的添加和编辑实现案例

1. 浏览器访问

http://127.0.0.1:8000/student_list/

http://127.0.0.1:8000/teacher_list/

http://127.0.0.1:8000/class_list/

2. models

 from django.db import models

 class Classes(models.Model):

     title = models.CharField(max_length=32)

 class Student(models.Model):

     name = models.CharField(max_length=32)

     email = models.CharField(max_length=32)

     age = models.IntegerField()

     cls = models.ForeignKey('Classes')

 class Teacher(models.Model):

     tname = models.CharField(max_length=32)

     c2t = models.ManyToManyField('Classes')

models

3. urls

from django.conf.urls import url

from django.contrib import admin

from app01 import views

urlpatterns = [

    url(r'^admin/', admin.site.urls),

    url(r'^class_list/', views.class_list),

    url(r'^add_class/', views.add_class),

    url(r'^edit_class/(\d+)/', views.edit_class),

    url(r'^student_list/', views.student_list),

    url(r'^add_student/', views.add_student),

    url(r'^edit_student/(\d+)/', views.edit_student),

    url(r'^teacher_list/', views.teacher_list),

    url(r'^add_teacher/', views.add_teacher),

    url(r'^edit_teacher/(\d+)/', views.edit_teacher),

    url(r'^test/', views.test),

]

4. views

 from django.shortcuts import render,redirect,HttpResponse

 from app01 import models

 from django.forms import Form

 from django.forms import fields

 from django.forms import widgets

 # **************************班级信息**************************

 class ClassForm(Form):

     title = fields.RegexField('全栈\d+')

 def class_list(request):

     cls_list = models.Classes.objects.all()

     return render(request,'class_list.html',{'cls_list':cls_list})

 def add_class(request):

     if request.method == "GET":

         obj = ClassForm()

         return render(request,'add_class.html',{'obj': obj})

     else:

         obj = ClassForm(request.POST)

         if obj.is_valid():

             # obj.cleaned_data # 字典

             # 数据库创建一条数据

             # print(obj.cleaned_data)

             # models.Classes.objects.create(title=obj.cleaned_data['tt'])

             models.Classes.objects.create(**obj.cleaned_data)

             return redirect('/class_list/')

         return render(request,'add_class.html',{'obj': obj})

 def edit_class(request,nid):

     if request.method == "GET":

         row = models.Classes.objects.filter(id=nid).first()

         # 让页面显示初始值

         # obj = ClassForm(data={'title': 'asdfasdfasdfas'})

         obj = ClassForm(initial={'title': row.title})

         return render(request,'edit_class.html',{'nid': nid,'obj':obj})

     else:

         obj = ClassForm(request.POST)

         if obj.is_valid():

             models.Classes.objects.filter(id=nid).update(**obj.cleaned_data)

             return redirect('/class_list/')

         return render(request,'edit_class.html',{'nid': nid,'obj':obj})

 # **************************学生信息**************************

 class StudentForm(Form):

     name = fields.CharField(

         min_length=2,

         max_length=6,

         widget=widgets.TextInput(attrs={'class': 'form-control'})

     )

     email = fields.EmailField(widget=widgets.TextInput(attrs={'class': 'form-control'}))

     age = fields.IntegerField(min_value=18,max_value=25,widget=widgets.TextInput(attrs={'class': 'form-control'}))

     cls_id = fields.IntegerField(

         # widget=widgets.Select(choices=[(1,'上海'),(2,'北京')])

         #widgets 定义生成的标签类型           select下来菜单标签从数据库取值时使用values_list

         widget=widgets.Select(choices=models.Classes.objects.values_list('id','title'),attrs={'class': 'form-control'})

     )

 def student_list(request):

     stu_list = models.Student.objects.all()

     return render(request,'student_list.html',{'stu_list':stu_list})

 def add_student(request):

     if request.method == "GET":

         obj = StudentForm()

         return render(request,'add_student.html',{'obj':obj})

     else:

         obj = StudentForm(request.POST)

         if obj.is_valid():

             models.Student.objects.create(**obj.cleaned_data)

             return redirect('/student_list/')

         return render(request,'add_student.html',{'obj':obj})

 def edit_student(request,nid):

     if request.method == "GET":

         row = models.Student.objects.filter(id=nid).values('name','email','age','cls_id').first()

         obj = StudentForm(initial=row)    #initial  只有HTML标签

         return render(request,'edit_student.html',{'nid':nid,'obj': obj})

     else:

         obj = StudentForm(request.POST)

         if obj.is_valid():

             models.Student.objects.filter(id=nid).update(**obj.cleaned_data)

             return redirect('/student_list/')

         return render(request,'edit_student.html',{'nid':nid,'obj': obj})

 # **************************老师信息**************************

 from django.forms import models as form_model  # 导入这个models as form_model 模块

 class TeacherForm(Form):

     tname = fields.CharField(min_length=2)

     # xx = form_model.ModelMultipleChoiceField(queryset=models.Classes.objects.all())

     xx = fields.MultipleChoiceField(

         # choices=models.Classes.objects.values_list('id','title'),     # 写了下面的那个BUG解决这条就不用写

         widget=widgets.SelectMultiple

     )

     def __init__(self,*args,**kwargs):                  # 解决刷新无法动态显示数据库内容的BUG

         super(TeacherForm,self).__init__(*args,**kwargs)

         self.fields['xx'].choices = models.Classes.objects.values_list('id','title')

 def teacher_list(request):

     tea_list = models.Teacher.objects.all()

     return render(request,'teacher_list.html',{'tea_list':tea_list})

 def add_teacher(request):

     if request.method == 'GET':

         obj = TeacherForm()

         return render(request,'add_teacher.html',{'obj':obj})

     else:

         obj = TeacherForm(request.POST)

         if obj.is_valid():

             xx = obj.cleaned_data.pop('xx')     #  pop 剔除，去掉

             row = models.Teacher.objects.create(**obj.cleaned_data)

             row.c2t.add(*xx)   #[1,2]

             return redirect('/teacher_list/')

         return render(request,'add_teacher.html',{'obj':obj})

 def edit_teacher(request,nid):

     if request.method == 'GET':

         row = models.Teacher.objects.filter(id=nid).first()

         class_ids = row.c2t.values_list('id')

         # print(class_ids)

         # id_list = []

         id_list = list(zip(*class_ids))[0] if list(zip(*class_ids)) else []   # 这是个三元表达式  if 后面的如果为真就执行if前面的，否则就执行else后面的------zip是python内置函数

         # obj = TeacherForm(initial={'tname':row.tname,'xx':[1,2,3]})

         obj = TeacherForm(initial={'tname': row.tname, 'xx': id_list})          # initial 初始值（也就是默认值，这里要编辑的对象输入框内要有默认的老师，select下拉框内要有默认的任教班级）

         return render(request,'edit_teacher.html',{'obj':obj,'nid':nid})

     else:

         obj = TeacherForm(request.POST)

         if obj.is_valid():

             xx = obj.cleaned_data.pop('xx')  # pop 剔除，去掉

             row = models.Teacher.objects.filter(id=nid).update(**obj.cleaned_data)

             row.c2t.add(*xx)

             return redirect('/teacher_list/')

         return render(request, 'edit_teacher.html', {'obj': obj})

 # **************************测试**************************

 from django.core.exceptions import ValidationError

 class TestForm(Form):

     user = fields.CharField(validators=[])

     pwd = fields.CharField()

     def clean_user(self):

         v = self.cleaned_data['user']

         if models.Student.objects.filter(name=v).count():

             raise ValidationError('用户名已经存在')

         return self.cleaned_data['user']

     def clean_pwd(self):

         return self.cleaned_data['pwd']

     def clean(self):

         # user = self.cleaned_data.get('user')

         # email = self.cleaned_data.get('email')

         # if models.Student.objects.filter(user=user,email=email).count():

         #     raise ValidationError('用户名和邮箱联合已经存在')

         return self.cleaned_data

         # def _post_clean(self):

         #     """

         #     An internal hook for performing additional cleaning after form cleaning

         #     is complete. Used for model validation in model forms.

         #     """

         #     pass

 def test(request):

     obj = TestForm(initial={'t3':[2,3]})     #默认值为2,3

     obj.is_valid()

     return render(request,'test.html',{'obj':obj})

views

5. templates

 <!DOCTYPE html>

 <html lang="en">

 <head>

     <meta charset="UTF-8">

     <title></title>

 </head>

 <body>

     <h1>学生列表</h1>

     <a href="/add_student/">添加</a>

     <ul>

         {% for row in stu_list %}

             <li>

                 {{ row.name }}-{{ row.email }}-{{ row.age }}-{{ row.cls_id }}-{{ row.cls.title }}

                 <a href="/edit_student/{{ row.id }}/">编辑</a>

             </li>

         {% endfor %}

     </ul>

 </body>

 </html>

student_list.html

 <!DOCTYPE html>

 <html lang="en">

 <head>

     <meta charset="UTF-8">

     <title></title>

 </head>

 <body>

     <h1>老师列表</h1>

     <div>

         <a href="/add_teacher/">添加</a>

     </div>

     <table border="1">

         <thead>

             <tr>

                 <th>ID</th>

                 <th>老师姓名</th>

                 <th>任教班级</th>

             </tr>

         </thead>

         <tbody>

             {% for row in tea_list %}

                 <tr>

                     <td>{{ row.id }}</td>

                     <td>{{ row.tname }}</td>

                     <td>

                         {% for row in row.c2t.all %}

                             {{ row.title }}

                         {% endfor %}

                     </td>

                     <td>

                         <a href="/edit_teacher/{{ row.id }}/">编辑</a>

                     </td>

                 </tr>

             {% endfor %}

         </tbody>

     </table>

 </body>

 </html>

teacher_list.html

 <!DOCTYPE html>

 <html lang="en">

 <head>

     <meta charset="UTF-8">

     <title></title>

 </head>

 <body>

     <h1>班级列表</h1>

     <div>

         <a href="/add_class/">添加</a>

     </div>

     <ul>

         {% for row in cls_list %}

             <li>{{ row.title }} <a href="/edit_class/{{ row.id }}/">编辑</a>  </li>

         {% endfor %}

     </ul>

 </body>

 </html>

class_list.html

 <!DOCTYPE html>

 <html lang="en">

 <head>

     <meta charset="UTF-8">

     <title></title>

 </head>

 <body>

     <h1>添加学生</h1>

     <form action="/add_student/" method="POST">

         {% csrf_token %}

         <p>

             {{ obj.name }}

         </p>

         <p>

             {{ obj.email }}

         </p>

         <p>

             {{ obj.age }}

         </p>

         <p>

             {{ obj.cls_id }}

         </p>

         <input type="submit" value="提交" />

     </form>

 </body>

 </html>

add_student.html

 <!DOCTYPE html>

 <html lang="en">

 <head>

     <meta charset="UTF-8">

     <title></title>

 </head>

 <body>

     <form method="POST" action="/add_teacher/">

         {% csrf_token %}

         <p>

             姓名:{{ obj.tname }}

         </p>

         <p>

             班级：{{ obj.xx }}

         </p>

         <input type="submit" value="提交">

     </form>

 </body>

 </html>

add_teacher.html

 <!DOCTYPE html>

 <html lang="en">

 <head>

     <meta charset="UTF-8">

     <title></title>

 </head>

 <body>

     <h1>添加班级</h1>

     <form method="POST" action="/add_class/" novalidate>

         {% csrf_token %}

         {{ obj.title }} {{ obj.errors.title.0 }}

         <input type="submit" value="提交" />

     </form>

 </body>

 </html>

add_class.html

 <!DOCTYPE html>

 <html lang="en">

 <head>

     <meta charset="UTF-8">

     <title></title>

     <link rel="stylesheet" href="/static/bootstrap-3.3.7-dist/css/bootstrap-theme.css"/>

 </head>

 <body>

     <div style="width: 500px;margin: 0 auto;">

         <form class="form-horizontal" method="POST" action="/edit_student/{{ nid }}/">

             {% csrf_token %}

             <div class="form-group">

                 <label class="col-sm-2 control-label">姓名：</label>

                 <div class="col-sm-10">

                     {{ obj.name }}

                 </div>

             </div>

             <div class="form-group">

                 <label class="col-sm-2 control-label">邮箱：</label>

                 <div class="col-sm-10">

                     {{ obj.email }}

                 </div>

             </div>

              <div class="form-group">

                 <label class="col-sm-2 control-label">年龄：</label>

                 <div class="col-sm-10">

                     {{ obj.age }}

                 </div>

             </div>

              <div class="form-group">

                 <label class="col-sm-2 control-label">班级：</label>

                 <div class="col-sm-10">

                     {{ obj.cls_id }}

                 </div>

             </div>

             <div class="form-group">

                 <div class="col-sm-offset-2 col-sm-10">

                     <input type="submit" class="btn btn-default" value="提交" />

                 </div>

             </div>

         </form>

     </div>

 </body>

 </html>

edit_student.html

 <!DOCTYPE html>

 <html lang="en">

 <head>

     <meta charset="UTF-8">

     <title></title>

 </head>

 <body>

     <h1>编辑老师</h1>

     <form method="POST" action="/edit_teacher/{{ nid }}/">

         {% csrf_token %}

         {{ obj.tname }}

         {{ obj.xx }}

         <input type="submit" value="提交">

     </form>

 </body>

 </html>

edit_teacher.html

 <!DOCTYPE html>

 <html lang="en">

 <head>

     <meta charset="UTF-8">

     <title></title>

 </head>

 <body>

     <h1>编辑班级</h1>

     <form method="POST" action="/edit_class/{{ nid }}/">

         {% csrf_token %}

         <p>

             {{ obj.title }} {{ obj.errors.title.0 }}

         </p>

         <input type='submit' value="提交" />

     </form>

 </body>

 </html>

edit_class.html

 <!DOCTYPE html>

 <html lang="en">

 <head>

     <meta charset="UTF-8">

     <title></title>

 </head>

 <body>

         {{ obj.t1 }}

         {{ obj.t2 }}

         {{ obj.t3 }}

         {{ obj.t4 }}

         {{ obj.t5 }}

 </body>

 </html>

test.html

6. 运行结果截图

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