Linux debug

proc文件系统中可以查看一些正在运行的变量如device-tree

sh-3.2# cat /proc/device-tree/
#address-cells               fixedregulator@9/
#size-cells                  gpio-keys/
atf_logger/                  interrupt-parent
chosen/                      lcm/
clocks/                      mediatek,connectivity-combo/
compatible                   memory@00000000/
cpus/                        model
cust_accel@0/                mt8167_audio_codec/
cust_gyro@0/                 mtcpufreq/
cust_mag@0/                  name
ethernet@11180000/           opp_table0/
fixedregulator@0/            panel@0/
fixedregulator@1/            pmu/
fixedregulator@10/           psci/
fixedregulator@11/           reserved-memory/
fixedregulator@12/           sdio@11130000/
fixedregulator@2/            soc/
fixedregulator@4/            sound/
fixedregulator@5/            timer/
fixedregulator@6/            tlv320/
fixedregulator@7/            tonly-power-leds/
fixedregulator@8/            vibrator@0/
sh-3.2# cat /proc/device-tree/gpio-keys/
button@0/      button@2/      button@4/      name           pinctrl-names
button@1/      button@3/      compatible     pinctrl-0
sh-3.2# cat /proc/device-tree/gpio-keys/compatible
gpio-keys sh-3.2#

 

module_param值修改方法

module_param(musbfsh_debug, int, 0644);

 

修改方法

echo 1 > sys/module/musbfsh_core/parameters/musbfsh_debug

编译时判断宏变量是否定义：编译时打印宏变量

#ifdef CONFIG_DWMAC_MESON
#pragma message("CONFIG_DWMAC_MESON active\n")

编译的时候的打印会有提示，搜索即可：
note: #pragma message:
CONFIG_DWMAC_MESON active

 #pragma message("CONFIG_DWMAC_MESON active\n")

 

重定义打印宏，显示特定打印结构

#ifdef pr_debug
#undef pr_debug
#define pr_debug(fmt, ...) \
    printk(KERN_INFO pr_fmt(fmt), ##__VA_ARGS__)
#else
#define pr_debug(fmt, ...) \
    printk(KERN_INFO pr_fmt(fmt), ##__VA_ARGS__)
#endif

 有格式的打印，便于分析别人代码

#ifdef pr_debug
#undef pr_debug
#define pr_debug(fmt,...) printk(KERN_INFO"%s:%s :%d\n "fmt, __FILE__ , __FUNCTION__ , __LINE__ , ##__VA_ARGS__)
#else
#define pr_debug(fmt, ...)     printk(KERN_INFO pr_fmt(fmt), ##__VA_ARGS__)
#endif

 

　　1) VA_ARGS 是一个可变参数的宏，很少人知道这个宏，这个可变参数的宏是新的C99规范中新增的，目前似乎只有gcc支持（VC6.0的编译器不支持）。宏前面加上##的作用在于，当可变参数的个数为0时，这里的##起到把前面多余的”,”去掉的作用,否则会编译出错, 你可以试试。
　　2) FILE 宏在预编译时会替换成当前的源文件名
　　3) LINE宏在预编译时会替换成当前的行号
　　4) FUNCTION宏在预编译时会替换成当前的函数名称

#ifndef _OSD_LOG_H_
#define _OSD_LOG_H_

#include <stdarg.h>
#include <linux/printk.h>

#define OSD_LOG_LEVEL_NULL 0
#define OSD_LOG_LEVEL_DEBUG 1
#define OSD_LOG_LEVEL_DEBUG2 2
#define OSD_LOG_LEVEL_DEBUG3 3

extern unsigned int osd_log_level;

#undef pr_fmt
#define pr_fmt(fmt) KBUILD_MODNAME ": " fmt

#define osd_log_info(fmt, ...) \
    pr_info(fmt, ##__VA_ARGS__)

#define osd_log_err(fmt, ...) \
    pr_err(fmt, ##__VA_ARGS__)

#define osd_log_dbg(fmt, ...) \
    do { \
        if (osd_log_level >= OSD_LOG_LEVEL_DEBUG) { \
            pr_info(fmt, ##__VA_ARGS__); \
        } \
    } while (0)

#define osd_log_dbg2(fmt, ...) \
    do { \
        if (osd_log_level >= OSD_LOG_LEVEL_DEBUG2) { \
            pr_info(fmt, ##__VA_ARGS__); \
        } \
    } while (0)

#define osd_log_dbg3(fmt, ...) \
    do { \
        if (osd_log_level >= OSD_LOG_LEVEL_DEBUG3) { \
            pr_info(fmt, ##__VA_ARGS__); \
        } \
    } while (0)

#endif

 

通过menuconfig配置将打印打开：

+CONFIG_DEBUG_OBJECTS=y
+CONFIG_DEBUG_OBJECTS_TIMERS=y
+CONFIG_DEBUG_OBJECTS_WORK=y
+CONFIG_SLUB_DEBUG_ON=y
+CONFIG_DEBUG_STACK_USAGE=y
+CONFIG_DEBUG_MEMORY_INIT=y
+CONFIG_DEBUG_PER_CPU_MAPS=y
+CONFIG_DEBUG_SHIRQ=y
+CONFIG_LOCKUP_DETECTOR=y
+CONFIG_BOOTPARAM_HARDLOCKUP_PANIC=y
+CONFIG_BOOTPARAM_SOFTLOCKUP_PANIC=y
+CONFIG_BOOTPARAM_HUNG_TASK_PANIC=y
+CONFIG_PANIC_ON_OOPS=y
+CONFIG_DEBUG_KOBJECT=y
+CONFIG_DEBUG_DRIVER=y

 将会有更细节的打印：功能都在菜单的kernel hacking里

<7>[    2.625859@0] kobject: 'rtc-hym8563' (ffffffc0246c78c0): kobject_uevent_env
<7>[    2.625876@0] kobject: 'rtc-hym8563' (ffffffc0246c78c0): fill_kobj_path: path = '/bus/i2c/drivers/rtc-hym8563'
<7>[    2.626050@0] bus: 'amba': add driver rtc-pl031
<7>[    2.626066@0] kobject: 'rtc-pl031' (ffffffc0246c66c0): kobject_add_internal: parent: 'drivers', set: 'drivers'
<7>[    2.626121@0] kobject: 'rtc-pl031' (ffffffc0246c66c0): kobject_uevent_env
<7>[    2.626136@0] kobject: 'rtc-pl031' (ffffffc0246c66c0): fill_kobj_path: path = '/bus/amba/drivers/rtc-pl031'
<6>[    2.626267@0] i2c /dev entries driver
<7>[    2.629519@0] device class 'i2c-dev': registering
<7>[    2.629534@0] kobject: 'i2c-dev' (ffffffc0244bc398): kobject_add_internal: parent: 'class', set: 'class'
<7>[    2.629555@0] kobject: 'i2c-dev' (ffffffc0244bc398): kobject_uevent_env
<7>[    2.629568@0] kobject: 'i2c-dev' (ffffffc0244bc398): fill_kobj_path: path = '/class/i2c-dev'
<7>[    2.629724@0] device: 'i2c-2': device_add
<7>[    2.629737@0] kobject: 'i2c-dev' (ffffffc0246f5200): kobject_add_internal: parent: 'i2c-2', set: '(null)'

 

打开pr_debug的打印，修改打印级别：

kernel/printk/printk.c

#define DEFAULT_CONSOLE_LOGLEVEL 8 /* anything MORE serious than KERN_DEBUG */

或在include/linux/printk.h中打开宏，则系统增加全局pr_debug打印
#define DEBUG

 

利用动态打印，在内核中添加配置,并重新编译烧录内核

CONFIG_DYNAMIC_DEBUG=y

 

在文件系统中生成如下节点

/sys/kernel/debug/dynamic_debug/control

 

查看支持的动态调试选项

/sys/kernel/debug/dynamic_debug # cat control
# filename:lineno [module]function flags format
init/main.c:712 [main]initcall_blacklist =p "blacklisting initcall %s\012"
init/main.c:736 [main]initcall_blacklisted =p "initcall %s blacklisted\012"
init/initramfs.c:483 [initramfs]unpack_to_rootfs =_ "Detected %s compressed data\012"
arch/arm/vfp/vfpmodule.c:456 [vfp]vfp_pm_suspend =_ "%s: saving vfp state\012"
arch/arm/vfp/vfpmodule.c:304 [vfp]vfp_emulate_instruction =_ "VFP: emulate: INST=0x%08x SCR=0x%08x\012"
arch/arm/vfp/vfpmodule.c:260 [vfp]vfp_raise_exceptions =_ "VFP: raising exceptions %08x\012"
arch/arm/vfp/vfpmodule.c:340 [vfp]VFP_bounce =_ "VFP: bounce: trigger %08x fpexc %08x\012"
arch/arm/vfp/vfpsingle.c:51 [vfp]vfp_single_dump =_ "VFP: %s: sign=%d exponent=%d significand=%08x\012"
arch/arm/vfp/vfpsingle.c:849 [vfp]vfp_single_multiply =_ "VFP: swapping M <-> N\012"
arch/arm/vfp/vfpsingle.c:694 [vfp]vfp_single_ftosi =_ "VFP: ftosi: d(s%d)=%08x exceptions=%08x\012"
arch/arm/vfp/vfpsingle.c:615 [vfp]vfp_single_ftoui =_ "VFP: ftoui: d(s%d)=%08x exceptions=%08x\012"
arch/arm/vfp/vfpsingle.c:145 [vfp]__vfp_single_normaliseround =_ "VFP: rounding increment = 0x%08x\012"
arch/arm/vfp/vfpsingle.c:1059 [vfp]vfp_single_fdiv =_ "VFP: s%u = %08x\012"
arch/arm/vfp/vfpsingle.c:996 [vfp]vfp_single_fnmul =_ "VFP: s%u = %08x\012"
arch/arm/vfp/vfpsingle.c:1020 [vfp]vfp_single_fadd =_ "VFP: s%u = %08x\012"
arch/arm/vfp/vfpsingle.c:973 [vfp]vfp_single_fmul =_ "VFP: s%u = %08x\012"
arch/arm/vfp/vfpsingle.c:902 [vfp]vfp_single_multiply_accumulate =_ "VFP: s%u = %08x\012"
arch/arm/vfp/vfpsingle.c:916 [vfp]vfp_single_multiply_accumulate =_ "VFP: s%u = %08x\012"

 

如下操作，使能对应的打印　

echo -n 'file svcsock.c line 1603 +p' > <debugfs>/dynamic_debug/control 打开某个文件某一行的日志
// enable all the messages in file svcsock.c  打开某个文件的所有日志

nullarbor:~ # echo -n 'file svcsock.c +p' > <debugfs>/dynamic_debug/control
// enable all the messages in the NFS server module 打开某个模块的所有日志

nullarbor:~ # echo -n 'module nfsd +p' > <debugfs>/dynamic_debug/control
// enable all 12 messages in the function svc_process() 打开某个函数的所有日志

nullarbor:~ # echo -n 'func svc_process +p' > <debugfs>/dynamic_debug/control
// disable all 12 messages in the function svc_process() 关闭某个文件的所有日志

nullarbor:~ # echo -n 'func svc_process -p' > <debugfs>/dynamic_debug/control
// enable messages for NFS calls READ, READLINK, READDIR and READDIR+. 

nullarbor:~ # echo -n 'format "nfsd: READ" +p' > <debugfs>/dynamic_debug/control