HTTPRunner实践二——数据驱动

基于文档http://cn.httprunner.org/advanced/data-driven/

场景一：用例集+独立参数+参数列表

1、原始用例文件savePatient_01.yml

-   config:
        name: 患者管理-新增患者
        request:
            base_url: 'http://192.168.14.76:8080'
            headers:
                User-Agent: null
        variables: []
-   test:
        name: /myinfo/pinyin4j/converterToFirstSpell
        request:
            method: GET
            params:
                detail: '{"body":{"synCode":"","content":{},"param":{"name":"施耐庵"},"code":{}},"header":{"v":"v_pc_1.0.3.24","doctorMainId":"ff80808162bc9a2f0162f1c2322627ab","clinicId":"8a9a9c745f9b87c3015fdcc1e36b4271","type":"4","imei":"661D-6DF1-B196-3DFE-DE7D-3A01-3AA1-471F","userToken":"20180803105231387f8ueqor"}}'
            url: http://192.168.14.76:8080/myinfo/pinyin4j/converterToFirstSpell
        validate:
        -   eq:
            - status_code
            - 200
        -   eq:
            - headers.Content-Type
            - text/html;charset=UTF-8

2、分析

需要参数化的数据，患者姓名name，如上红色加粗部分。

步骤

1、在config模块中，将需要参数化的数据name，配置为全局参数，并使用列表赋值。

parameters:
- name: ["杜甫", "曹雪芹", "施耐庵"]

2、在test请求中引用name的地方，使用参数替换${name}

params:
                detail: '{"body":{"synCode":"","content":{},"param":{"name":"$name"},"code":{}},"header":{"v":"v_pc_1.0.3.24","doctorMainId":"ff80808162bc9a2f0162f1c2322627ab","clinicId":"8a9a9c745f9b87c3015fdcc1e36b4271","type":"4","imei":"661D-6DF1-B196-3DFE-DE7D-3A01-3AA1-471F","userToken":"20180803105231387f8ueqor"}}'
            url: http://192.168.14.76:8080/myinfo/pinyin4j/converterToFirstSpell

3、断言中如有需要验证name的地方，也进行替换

validate:
        -   eq:
            - status_code
            - 200
        -   eq:
            - content.body.code
            - ""
        -   eq:
            - content.body.param.name
            - $name

全部代码实例：

 -   config:
         name: 患者管理-新增患者
         request:
             base_url: 'http://192.168.14.76:8080'
             headers:
                 User-Agent: null
         variables: []
         parameters:
         - name: ["杜甫", "曹雪芹", "施耐庵"]
 -   test:
         name: /myinfo/pinyin4j/converterToFirstSpell
         request:
             method: GET
             params:
                 detail: '{"body":{"synCode":"","content":{},"param":{"name":"$name"},"code":{}},"header":{"v":"v_pc_1.0.3.24","doctorMainId":"ff80808162bc9a2f0162f1c2322627ab","clinicId":"8a9a9c745f9b87c3015fdcc1e36b4271","type":"4","imei":"661D-6DF1-B196-3DFE-DE7D-3A01-3AA1-471F","userToken":"20180803105231387f8ueqor"}}'
             url: http://192.168.14.76:8080/myinfo/pinyin4j/converterToFirstSpell
         validate:
         -   eq:
             - status_code
             - 200
         -   eq:
             - content.body.code
             - ""
         -   eq:
             - content.body.param.name
             - $name

4、运行代码，查看结果

场景二、用例集+关联参数+参数列表

1、找到需要参数化的信息

姓名-缩写-出生日期-性别

2、config中配置参数

parameters:
            - userName-userShortName-birthday-sex:
                - ["李白","LB","1988-09-09",1]
                - ["白居易","BJY","1978-05-09",1]
                - ["杜牧","DM","1998-03-09",1]

3、替换参数

request:
            method: GET
            params:
                detail: '{"body":{"synCode":"","content":{},"param":{"id":"9cc01ecefb784f03bfcc5a87c3ad6a71","userName":"$userName","userShortName":"$userShortName","birthday":"$birthday","sex":$sex,"phone":"18911572511","isDelete":0,"illHistory":"","allergicHistory":"","address":"","homeAddress":"","base_version":"","totalArrears":"0","clinicId":"","doctorId":"","idCardNo":"","agency":"","folk":"","validitytime":"","fingerPrint":"0","deviceType":"0","diagnose":"","patientSource":""},"code":{}},"header":{"v":"v_pc_1.0.3.24","doctorMainId":"ff80808162bc9a2f0162f1c2322627ab","clinicId":"8a9a9c745f9b87c3015fdcc1e36b4271","type":"4","imei":"661D-6DF1-B196-3DFE-DE7D-3A01-3AA1-471F","userToken":"20180803105231387f8ueqor"}}'
            url: http://192.168.14.76:8080/patient/clinicPatient/savePatientFromPad

4、优化断言

        validate:
        -   eq:
            - status_code
            - 200
        -   eq:
            - content.body.code
            - ""
        -   eq:
            - content.body.param.userName
            - $userName

完整代码

 -   config:
         name: 患者管理-新增患者
         parameters:
             - userName-userShortName-birthday-sex:
                 - ["李白","LB","1988-09-09",1]
                 - ["白居易","BJY","1978-05-09",1]
                 - ["杜牧","DM","1998-03-09",1]
         request:
             base_url: 'http://192.168.14.76:8080'
             headers:
                 User-Agent: null
         variables: []

 -   test:
         name: /patient/clinicPatient/savePatientFromPad
         request:
             method: GET
             params:
                 detail: '{"body":{"synCode":"","content":{},"param":{"id":"9cc01ecefb784f03bfcc5a87c3ad6a71","userName":"$userName","userShortName":"$userShortName","birthday":"$birthday","sex":$sex,"phone":"18911572511","isDelete":0,"illHistory":"","allergicHistory":"","address":"","homeAddress":"","base_version":"","totalArrears":"0","clinicId":"","doctorId":"","idCardNo":"","agency":"","folk":"","validitytime":"","fingerPrint":"0","deviceType":"0","diagnose":"","patientSource":""},"code":{}},"header":{"v":"v_pc_1.0.3.24","doctorMainId":"ff80808162bc9a2f0162f1c2322627ab","clinicId":"8a9a9c745f9b87c3015fdcc1e36b4271","type":"4","imei":"661D-6DF1-B196-3DFE-DE7D-3A01-3AA1-471F","userToken":"20180803105231387f8ueqor"}}'
             url: http://192.168.14.76:8080/patient/clinicPatient/savePatientFromPad
         validate:
         -   eq:
             - status_code
             - 200
         -   eq:
             - content.body.code
             - ""
         -   eq:
             - content.body.param.userName
             - $userName

5、运行查看结果

场景三、用例集+关联参数+CSV文件

1、特别注意：

对于 CSV 数据文件，需要遵循如下几项约定的规则：

• 文件需放置在与测试用例文件相同的目录中；
• CSV 文件中的第一行必须为参数名称，从第二行开始为参数值，每个（组）值占一行；
• 若同一个 CSV 文件中具有多个参数，则参数名称和数值的间隔符需实用英文逗号。
• 文件中如何含有中文，需要保存为UTF-8格式

2、步骤

1）新建CSV文件，命名为patientInfo.csv，编码方式UTF-8

userName,userShortName,birthday,sex
莫言,MY,2011-01-09,1
吴佩慈,WPC,1996-09-08,2

2) 在config模块中，配置参数

parameters:
            - userName-userShortName-birthday-sex: ${P(patientInfo.csv)}

3）在test模块中，替换参数

request:
            method: GET
            params:
                detail: '{"body":{"synCode":"","content":{},"param":{"id":"9cc01ecefb784f03bfcc5a87c3ad6a71","userName":"$userName","userShortName":"$userShortName","birthday":"$birthday","sex":$sex,"phone":"18911572511","isDelete":0,"illHistory":"","allergicHistory":"","address":"","homeAddress":"","base_version":"","totalArrears":"0","clinicId":"","doctorId":"","idCardNo":"","agency":"","folk":"","validitytime":"","fingerPrint":"0","deviceType":"0","diagnose":"","patientSource":""},"code":{}},"header":{"v":"v_pc_1.0.3.24","doctorMainId":"ff80808162bc9a2f0162f1c2322627ab","clinicId":"8a9a9c745f9b87c3015fdcc1e36b4271","type":"4","imei":"661D-6DF1-B196-3DFE-DE7D-3A01-3AA1-471F","userToken":"20180803105231387f8ueqor"}}'
            url: http://192.168.14.76:8080/patient/clinicPatient/savePatientFromPad

4）运行代码，查看结果

完整代码实例

-   config:
        name: 患者管理-新增患者
        parameters:
            - userName-userShortName-birthday-sex: ${P(patientInfo.csv)}

        request:
            base_url: 'http://192.168.14.76:8080'
            headers:
                User-Agent: null
        variables: []

-   test:
        name: /patient/clinicPatient/savePatientFromPad
        request:
            method: GET
            params:
                detail: '{"body":{"synCode":"","content":{},"param":{"id":"9cc01ecefb784f03bfcc5a87c3ad6a71","userName":"$userName","userShortName":"$userShortName","birthday":"$birthday","sex":$sex,"phone":"18911572511","isDelete":0,"illHistory":"","allergicHistory":"","address":"","homeAddress":"","base_version":"","totalArrears":"0","clinicId":"","doctorId":"","idCardNo":"","agency":"","folk":"","validitytime":"","fingerPrint":"0","deviceType":"0","diagnose":"","patientSource":""},"code":{}},"header":{"v":"v_pc_1.0.3.24","doctorMainId":"ff80808162bc9a2f0162f1c2322627ab","clinicId":"8a9a9c745f9b87c3015fdcc1e36b4271","type":"4","imei":"661D-6DF1-B196-3DFE-DE7D-3A01-3AA1-471F","userToken":"20180803105231387f8ueqor"}}'
            url: http://192.168.14.76:8080/patient/clinicPatient/savePatientFromPad
        validate:
        -   eq:
            - status_code
            - 200
        -   eq:
            - content.body.code
            - ""
        -   eq:
            - content.body.param.userName
            - $userName

场景四、用例+关联参数+CSV文件

将场景三中，config中的参数配置，移到到test模块即可

场景五、用例集+关联参数+自定义函数生成列表

特别注意：需要注意的是，在自定义函数中，生成的参数列表必须为 list of dict 的数据结构，该设计主要是为了与 CSV 文件的处理机制保持一致。

1、在 debugtalk.py 中定义函数 get_patient_info，可生成指定数量的参数列表。

def get_patient_info(num):
    patients = []
    for index in range(1, num+1):
        patients.append(
            {"userName": gen_random_name(), "sex": gen_random_sex(),"birthday":gen_random_date()},
        )

    return patients

其中：gen_random_name()、gen_random_sex()、gen_random_date()是上面定义的方法

那么在 YAML/JSON 的 parameters 中就可以调用自定义函数生成指定数量的参数列表。

        parameters:
            - userName-sex-birthday-sex: ${get_patient_info(3)}