rpc框架之avro 学习 1 - hello world

avro是hadoop的一个子项目，提供的功能与thrift、Protocol Buffer类似，都支持二进制高效序列化，也自带RPC机制，但是avro使用起来更简单，无需象thrift那样生成目标语言源代码，目前支持的语言有java、c#、php、c++等（详情见：https://cwiki.apache.org/confluence/display/AVRO/Supported+Languages），hadoop生态圈中的hive、pig已经在使用avro

avro-client模块中的pom.xml参考以下内容：

 <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
 <project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
          xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
          xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
     <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

     <groupId>yjmyzz.avro</groupId>
     <artifactId>avro-client</artifactId>
     <version>1.0</version>

     <properties>
         <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
         <compiler-plugin.version>2.3.2</compiler-plugin.version>
         <avro.version>1.7.5</avro.version>
     </properties>

     <dependencies>
         <dependency>
             <groupId>junit</groupId>
             <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
             <version>4.10</version>
             <scope>test</scope>
         </dependency>
         <dependency>
             <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
             <artifactId>slf4j-simple</artifactId>
             <version>1.6.4</version>
             <scope>compile</scope>
         </dependency>
         <dependency>
             <groupId>org.apache.avro</groupId>
             <artifactId>avro</artifactId>
             <version>${avro.version}</version>
         </dependency>
         <dependency>
             <groupId>org.apache.avro</groupId>
             <artifactId>avro-ipc</artifactId>
             <version>${avro.version}</version>
         </dependency>

         <dependency>
             <groupId>yjmyzz.avro</groupId>
             <artifactId>avro-contract</artifactId>
             <version>1.0</version>
         </dependency>
     </dependencies>

     <build>
         <plugins>
             <plugin>
                 <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
                 <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
                 <version>${compiler-plugin.version}</version>
             </plugin>
             <plugin>
                 <groupId>org.apache.avro</groupId>
                 <artifactId>avro-maven-plugin</artifactId>
                 <version>${avro.version}</version>
                 <executions>
                     <execution>
                         <id>schemas</id>
                         <phase>generate-sources</phase>

                         <goals>
                             <goal>schema</goal>
                             <goal>protocol</goal>
                             <goal>idl-protocol</goal>
                         </goals>
                     </execution>
                 </executions>
             </plugin>
         </plugins>
     </build>

 </project>

一、定义文件示例

Person.avsc

{
  "namespace": "yjmyzz.avro.study.dto",
  "type": "record",
  "name": "Person",
  "fields": [
    {
      "name": "age",
      "type": "int"
    },
    {
      "name": "name",
      "type": "string"
    },
    {
      "name": "sex",
      "type": "boolean"
    },
    {
      "name": "salary",
      "type": "double"
    },
    {
      "name": "childrenCount",
      "type": "int"
    }
  ]
}

QueryParameter.avsc

{
  "namespace": "yjmyzz.avro.study.dto",
  "type": "record",
  "name": "QueryParameter",
  "fields": [
    {
      "name": "ageStart",
      "type": "int"
    },
    {
      "name": "ageEnd",
      "type": "int"
    }
  ]
}

DemoService.avdl

@namespace ("yjmyzz.avro.study.service")
protocol DemoService
{
    import schema "Person.avsc";
    import schema "QueryParameter.avsc";
    string ping();
    array<yjmyzz.avro.study.dto.Person> getPersonList(yjmyzz.avro.study.dto.QueryParameter queryParameter);
}

二、服务端

DemoServiceImpl.java

package yjmyzz.avro.study;

import yjmyzz.avro.study.dto.Person;
import yjmyzz.avro.study.dto.QueryParameter;
import yjmyzz.avro.study.service.DemoService;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;

public class DemoServiceImpl implements DemoService {

    public String ping() {
        System.out.println("ping()");
        return "pong";
    }

    public List<Person> getPersonList(QueryParameter parameter) {
        //System.out.println(parameter.getAgeStart() + " - " + parameter.getAgeEnd());

        List<Person> list = new ArrayList<Person>(10);
        for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
            Person p = new Person();
            p.setAge(i);
            p.setChildrenCount(i);
            p.setName("test" + i);
            p.setSalary(10000D);
            p.setSex(true);
            list.add(p);
        }
        return list;
    }
}

AvroServer.java

package yjmyzz.avro.study;

import org.apache.avro.ipc.NettyServer;
import org.apache.avro.ipc.Server;
import org.apache.avro.ipc.specific.SpecificResponder;
import yjmyzz.avro.study.service.DemoService;

import java.net.InetSocketAddress;

public class AvroServer {

    public static void main(String[] args) {

        System.out.println("Starting avro server...");

        Server server = new NettyServer(new SpecificResponder(DemoService.class,
                new DemoServiceImpl()),
                new InetSocketAddress(65111));

        System.out.println("Avro erver started.");
    }
}

三、客户端

AvroClient.java

package yjmyzz.avro.study;

import org.apache.avro.AvroRemoteException;
import org.apache.avro.ipc.NettyTransceiver;
import org.apache.avro.ipc.specific.SpecificRequestor;
import yjmyzz.avro.study.dto.QueryParameter;
import yjmyzz.avro.study.service.DemoService;

import java.net.InetSocketAddress;

public class AvroClient {

    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {

        NettyTransceiver client = new NettyTransceiver(new InetSocketAddress(65111));
        DemoService proxy = (DemoService) SpecificRequestor.getClient(DemoService.class, client);

        System.out.println(proxy.ping());

        int max = 100000;

        Long start = System.currentTimeMillis();

        for (int i = 0; i < max; i++) {
            call(proxy);
        }

        Long end = System.currentTimeMillis();

        Long elapse = end - start;

        int perform = Double.valueOf(max / (elapse / 1000d)).intValue();

        System.out.print("avro " + max + " 次RPC调用，耗时：" + elapse + "毫秒，平均" + perform + "次/秒");

        // cleanup
        client.close();
    }

    private static void call(DemoService proxy) throws AvroRemoteException {

        //client.ping();
        //System.out.println("ping()=>" + client.ping());

        QueryParameter parameter = new QueryParameter();
        parameter.setAgeStart(5);
        parameter.setAgeEnd(50);

        proxy.getPersonList(parameter);
        //System.out.println(client.getPersonList(parameter));
    }
}

avro 100000 次RPC调用，耗时：18617毫秒，平均5371次/秒

注：虽然很多关于thrift、avro的性能评测文章提到avro性能不输于thrift，但就本文的示例而言，在同一台笔记本上，avro的性能只有thrift的约1/2.

附：文中示例代码下载 http://code.taobao.org/svn/avro-rpc-demo/trunk/

参考文章：
https://github.com/phunt/avro-rpc-quickstart

http://avro.apache.org/docs/current/spec.html#Protocol+Declaration

http://avro.apache.org/docs/current/idl.html

http://avro.apache.org/docs/current/gettingstartedjava.html

Apache Avro 与 Thrift 比较