C# excel文件导入导出

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在C#交流群里，看到很多小伙伴在excel数据导入导出到C#界面上存在疑惑，所以今天专门做了这个主题，希望大家有所收获！

环境：win10+vs2017

界面：主要以演示为主，所以没有做优化，然后主界面上添加两个按钮，分别命名为ExportExcel和ImportExcel，添加两个dataGridView，分别是dataGridView1和dataGridView2

然后在窗体加载程序中给dataGridView1写入三行数据，代码如下：

DataTable dt = new DataTable();
            dt.Columns.Add("Name");
            dt.Columns.Add("Age");
            dt.Rows.Add("小王","15");
            dt.Rows.Add("老李","42");
            dt.Rows.Add("老张","25");
            dataGridView1.DataSource = dt;

软件运行后，点击ExportExcel，则将datagridview1的数据保存到excel中，点击ImportExcel，选择excel后读取数据到datagridview2.

注意：如果报System.InvalidOperationException:“未在本地计算机上注册“Microsoft.ACE.OLEDB.12.0”提供程序。”请检查office是否正确安装

具体步骤：

step1：引用dll，在nuget上安装Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel

step2:code

主要由三个方法：

1. public void ExportExcel() 实现数据导出到excel

2. public DataSet ImportExcel(int t = 1）实现读取excel数据

3. public void ExportCSV() 数据导出到csv

   完整代码如下：

4. using System;
   using System.Collections.Generic;
   using System.ComponentModel;
   using System.Data;
   using System.Drawing;
   using System.Linq;
   using System.Text;
   using System.Threading.Tasks;
   using System.Windows.Forms;
   
   using System.IO;
   using System.Data.SqlClient;
   using Excel = Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel;
   using System.Reflection;
   using System.Xml;
   using System.Data.OleDb;
   
   namespace excelReadWriter
   {
       public partial class Form1 : Form
       {
           public Form1()
           {
               InitializeComponent();
           }
   
           #region /* 数据导出到excel */
           public void ExportExcel()
           {
               try
               {
                   this.Cursor = Cursors.WaitCursor;
   
                   if (!Directory.Exists(@"C:\BMDT"))
                       Directory.CreateDirectory(@"C:\BMDT");
   
                   string fileName = "";
                   string saveFileName = "";
                   SaveFileDialog saveDialog = new SaveFileDialog();
                   saveDialog.DefaultExt = "xlsx";
                   saveDialog.InitialDirectory = @"C:\BMDT";
                   saveDialog.Filter = "Excel文件|*.xlsx";
                   // saveDialog.FileName = fileName;
                   saveDialog.FileName = "BMDT_Data_" + DateTime.Now.ToLongDateString().ToString();
                   saveDialog.ShowDialog();
                   saveFileName = saveDialog.FileName;
   
                   if (saveFileName.IndexOf(":") < 0)
                   {
                       this.Cursor = Cursors.Default;
                       return; //被点了取消
                   }
                   Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.Application xlApp = new Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.Application();
                   if (xlApp == null)
                   {
                       MessageBox.Show("无法创建Excel对象，您的电脑可能未安装Excel");
                       return;
                   }
                   Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.Workbooks workbooks = xlApp.Workbooks;
                   Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.Workbook workbook = workbooks.Add(Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.XlWBATemplate.xlWBATWorksheet);
                   Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.Worksheet worksheet = (Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.Worksheet)workbook.Worksheets[1];//取得sheet1
                   Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.Range range = worksheet.Range[worksheet.Cells[4, 1], worksheet.Cells[8, 1]];
   
                   //写入标题
                   for (int i = 0; i < dataGridView1.ColumnCount; i++)
                   { worksheet.Cells[1, i + 1] = dataGridView1.Columns[i].HeaderText; }
                   //写入数值
                   for (int r = 0; r < dataGridView1.Rows.Count; r++)
                   {
                       for (int i = 0; i < dataGridView1.ColumnCount; i++)
                       {
                           worksheet.Cells[r + 2, i + 1] = dataGridView1.Rows[r].Cells[i].Value;
   
                           if (this.dataGridView1.Rows[r].Cells[i].Style.BackColor == Color.Red)
                           {
   
                               range = worksheet.Range[worksheet.Cells[r + 2, i + 1], worksheet.Cells[r + 2, i + 1]];
                               range.Interior.ColorIndex = 10;
   
                           }
   
                       }
                       System.Windows.Forms.Application.DoEvents();
                   }
                   worksheet.Columns.EntireColumn.AutoFit();//列宽自适应
   
                   MessageBox.Show(fileName + "资料保存成功", "提示", MessageBoxButtons.OK);
                   if (saveFileName != "")
                   {
                       try
                       {
                           workbook.Saved = true;
                           workbook.SaveCopyAs(saveFileName);  //fileSaved = true;  
   
                       }
                       catch (Exception ex)
                       {//fileSaved = false;
                           MessageBox.Show("导出文件时出错,文件可能正被打开！\n" + ex.Message);
                       }
                   }
                   xlApp.Quit();
                   GC.Collect();//强行销毁           
   
                   this.Cursor = Cursors.Default;
               }
               catch(Exception e)
               {
                   this.Cursor = Cursors.Default;
                   MessageBox.Show(e.ToString());
   
               }
   
           }
   
           #endregion
           #region /* ImportExcel(int t) */
   
           public DataSet ImportExcel(int t = 1)
           {
               //打开文件
               string sql_select = string.Empty;
   
               OpenFileDialog file = new OpenFileDialog();
               file.Filter = "Excel(*.xlsx)|*.xlsx|Excel(*.xls)|*.xls|(*.csv)|*.csv";
               file.InitialDirectory = Environment.GetFolderPath(Environment.SpecialFolder.Desktop);
               file.Multiselect = false;
               if (file.ShowDialog() == DialogResult.Cancel)
                   return null;
               //判断文件后缀
               var path = file.FileName;
               string fileSuffix = System.IO.Path.GetExtension(path);
               if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(fileSuffix))
                   return null;
               using (DataSet ds = new DataSet())
               {
                   //判断Excel文件是2003版本还是2007版本
                   string connString = "";
                   if (fileSuffix == ".xls")
                       connString = "Provider=Microsoft.Jet.OLEDB.4.0;" + "Data Source=" + path + ";" + ";Extended Properties=\"Excel 8.0;HDR=YES;IMEX=1\"";
                   else
                       connString = "Provider=Microsoft.ACE.OLEDB.12.0;" + "Data Source=" + path + ";" + ";Extended Properties=\"Excel 12.0;HDR=YES;IMEX=1\"";
                   //读取文件
   
                   if (t == 1)
                       sql_select = " SELECT ID,CREATETIME,REASONCODE1,PROCESSID FROM [Sheet1$] ";
                   else if (t == 2)
                       sql_select = " SELECT PANELID,EVENTTIME,DESCRIPTION,PROCESSID FROM [Grid$] ";
                   else if (t == 3)
                       sql_select = " SELECT Operation,Lot_ID,EQP_ID,Event_Time FROM [报表1$] ";
   
                   using (OleDbConnection conn = new OleDbConnection(connString))
                   using (OleDbDataAdapter cmd = new OleDbDataAdapter(sql_select, conn))
                   {
                       conn.Open();
                       cmd.Fill(ds);
                   }
                   if (ds == null || ds.Tables.Count <= 0) return null;
                   return ds;
               }
           }
           #endregion
   
           private void button1_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
           {
               ExportExcel();
           }
   
           private void Form1_Load(object sender, EventArgs e)
           {
               DataTable dt = new DataTable();
               dt.Columns.Add("Name");
               dt.Columns.Add("Age");
               dt.Rows.Add("小王","15");
               dt.Rows.Add("老李","42");
               dt.Rows.Add("老张","25");
               dataGridView1.DataSource = dt;
           }
   
           private void button2_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
           {
               DataSet ds = new DataSet();
               ds = ImportExcel();
               dataGridView2.DataSource = ds.Tables[0];
   
               // ExportCSV();
           }
   
           #region /* 数据导出到CSV */
           public void ExportCSV()
           {
               if (dataGridView1.Rows.Count == 0)
               {
                   MessageBox.Show("没有数据可导出!", "提示", MessageBoxButtons.OK, MessageBoxIcon.Information);
                   return;
               }
               SaveFileDialog saveFileDialog = new SaveFileDialog();
               saveFileDialog.Filter = "CSV files (*.csv)|*.csv";
               saveFileDialog.FilterIndex = 0;
               saveFileDialog.RestoreDirectory = true;
               saveFileDialog.CreatePrompt = true;
               saveFileDialog.FileName = null;
               saveFileDialog.Title = "保存";
               if (saveFileDialog.ShowDialog() == DialogResult.OK)
               {
                   Stream stream = saveFileDialog.OpenFile();
                   StreamWriter sw = new StreamWriter(stream, System.Text.Encoding.GetEncoding(-0));
                   string strLine = "";
                   try
                   {
                       for (int i = 0; i < dataGridView1.ColumnCount; i++)
                       {
                           if (i > 0)
                               strLine += ",";
   
                           strLine += dataGridView1.Columns[i].HeaderText;
   
                       }
   
                       strLine.Remove(strLine.Length - 1);
   
                       sw.WriteLine(strLine);
   
                       strLine = "";
   
                       //表的内容
   
                       for (int j = 0; j < dataGridView1.Rows.Count; j++)
                       {
   
                           strLine = "";
   
                           int colCount = dataGridView1.Columns.Count;
   
                           for (int k = 0; k < colCount; k++)
                           {
   
                               if (k > 0 && k < colCount)
   
                                   strLine += ",";
   
                               if (dataGridView1.Rows[j].Cells[k].Value == null)
   
                                   strLine += "";
   
                               else
                               {
   
                                   string cell = dataGridView1.Rows[j].Cells[k].Value.ToString().Trim();
   
                                   //防止里面含有特殊符号
   
                                   cell = cell.Replace("\"", "\"\"");
   
                                   cell = "\"" + cell + "\"";
   
                                   strLine += cell;
   
                               }
   
                           }
   
                           sw.WriteLine(strLine);
   
                       }
   
                       sw.Close();
   
                       stream.Close();
   
                       MessageBox.Show("数据被导出到：" + saveFileDialog.FileName.ToString(), "导出完毕", MessageBoxButtons.OK, MessageBoxIcon.Information);
   
                   }
   
                   catch (Exception ex)
                   {
                       MessageBox.Show(ex.Message, "导出错误", MessageBoxButtons.OK, MessageBoxIcon.Information);
   
                   }
               }
           }
           #endregion
       }
   }
   

   　　运行效果：

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