php模板引擎的原理与简单实例

模板引擎其实就是将一个带有自定义标签的字符串，通过相应的规则解析，返回php可以解析的字符串，这其中正则的运用是必不可少的，所以要有一定的正则基础。
总体思想，引入按规则写好的模板，传递给标签解析类(_HtmlTag)进行解析，再把解析好的字符串传递给php进行解析渲染输出
首先定义了一个_HtmlTag类：

class _HtmlTag{
  protected $taglist = "if|elseif|else|loop|for|while|=|:=|:e|:html|:";
  protected $string;
  protected $tpldir;
  function __construct($dir, $tpl) {
    $this->findReg = "/\\{[ ]*($this->findReg)(\\s*[\\{\\}]+\\s*)?\\}/i";
    $this->tpldir = $dir;
    $this->tpl =$tpl;
  }
}

• 先解析下render方法
  在render方法中对传入的字符串$s，进行相应的替换渲染，用到了extends方法，import方法，''开头的各种过滤方法，后面会一一进行详解.

  function render($s) {
  $s = str_replace(['<--{', '}-->'], ['{','}'], $s);
  if (strpos($s, "{extends") !== false) {
    $s = $this->_extends($s);
  }
  $s = preg_replace('/[\\n\\r]+/s', "\\n", $s);
  $s = preg_replace('/\\r+/s', "", $s);
  $s = preg_replace('/\\t+/s', "\\t", $s);
  
  $this->string = str_replace(["\\{", "\\}"], ["\\HKH1", "\\HKH2"], $s);
  preg_match_all("/\\{[ ]*(import)(\\s*[^\\{\\}]+\\s*)?\\}/i", $s, $d);
  foreach($d[0] as $k => $v) {
    call_user_func_array(array($this, "_import"), array($v, $d[1][$k], $d[2][$k]));
  }
  static $m = array("=" => "_defaultEcho", ":=" =>" _xssEcho", ":e" => "_htmlencodeEcho", ":" => "_echo", ":html" => "_htmldecodeEcho");
  preg_match_all($this->findReg, $this->string, $d);
  foreach ($d[0] as $k => $v) {
    if (isset($m[$d[1][$k]])) {
        $medth = $m[$d[1][$k]];
     } else {
        $medth = '_' . $d[1][$k];
     }
      call_user_func_array(array($this, $medth), array($v, $d[1][$k], $d[2][$k]));
  }
  }

• _extends方法
  
  使用 个方法是为了判断是否有继承相应的模板文件，在子文件中用{extends 模板名},一般只要填写文件名，如index,系统会自动去构造完整的文件路径，一般在上一级目录，这个在realTpl()方法时会有详解

  function _extends($tpl) {
  preg_match("/\\{\\s*extends\\s+([^\\{\\}]+?)\\s*\\}/i", $tpl, $d);
  list($search, $arg) = $d;
  if (stripos($arg, ".") !==0 ) {
    $arg = '../' . $arg;
  }
  $file = $this->tpl->me->realTpl($arg . ".htm");
  $basetpl = file_get_contents($file);
  preg_match_all("/\\{block\\s+([^\\{\\}]+?)\\s*\\}(.+)\\{\\/block\\}/s", $tpl, $ds);
  foreach($ds[1] as $n => $name) {
    $basetpl = preg_replace("/\\{block\\s+name={$name}\\s*\\}/", $ds[2][$n], $basetpl);
  }
  $basetpl = preg_replace("/\\{block\\s+name=.+?\\}/", ' ', $basetpl);
  return $basetpl;
  }

• _import 方法
  
  _import 方法是用来对{import 文件名}标签进行解析，默认也是上层目录，会把该文件的内容解析到当前标签位置,同时支持使用：函数名|参数1, 参数2,...的方式进行字符串的回调.这中的display方法后面会有详解

  function _import ($search, $tag, $arg) {
  $arg = trim($arg);
  if (stripos($arg, ".") !== 0) {
    $arg = '../' . $arg;
  }
  $file = $this->tpl->me->realTpl($arg . ".htm");
  if (file_exists($file)) {
    $this->string = str_replace($search, file_get_contents($file), $this->string);
  return;
  } else {
      if (stripos($file, "$") !== false) {
          $this->string = str_replace($search, '<? include $this->tpl->display("' . $arg . '"); ?>', $this->string);
           return;
      }
      if (stripos($arg, '|') !== false) {
         list($func, $tmp) = explode("|", trim($arg));
         $kw = explode(', ', $tmp);
      } else {
         $func = trim($arg);
          $kw = array();
      }
      if (function_exists($func) {
        $tpl_str = call_user_func_array($func, $kw);
         $this->string = str_replace($search, $tpl_str, $this->string);
          return;
      } else {
        $this->string = str_replace($search, $arg, $this->string);
      return;
      }
      system_error($this->tpldir . trim($arg) . ".htm不存在");
  }
  }

• 现在来看一个标签函数_loop,将标签{loop $data $k $v}或{loop $data $v}替换，实现模板循环，其中的parseAttr方法接下来将详解

  function _loop($search, $tag, $arg) {
  list($attr, $arg) = $this->parseAttr($arg);
  $d = preg_split("/\\s+/", trim($arg));
  if (count($d) == 3) {
     $data = $d[0];
     $k = $d[1];
     $v = $d[2];
     $s = "<? \\n if(!empty($data)) {\\n \\t foreach(" . $data . " as {$k} => {$v}){";
  } elseif (count($d) == 2) {
    $data = $d[0];
    $v = $d[1];
    $s = "<? \\n if(!empty($data)){\\n \\t
        foreach(". $datsa . " as {$v}) {";
  }
  
  if (isset($attr['counter'])) {
    $s = "\\n \\t\\t<? if (!isset({$attr['counter']})) { {$attr['counter']} = 0;} ?> \\n \\t\\t" . $s . "\\n \\t\\t{$attr['counter']}++; \\n ?>;
  } else {
    $s .= "?>";
  }
  $this->string = str_replace($search, $s, $this->string);
  $this->string = str_replace("{/loop}", "<? \\t}\\n}?>", $this->string);
  }

• parseAttr方法
  
  该方法用来解析标签 的参数，返回的第一个参数是值形式字符串，第二个是键值数组，如{loop $data $k $v}返回$data $k $v 组成 的字符串和一个空数组，{if $k = $v}则返回空字符串和和数组[$k => $v];

  function parseAttr($s) {
  $reg = '/([a-zA-Z0-9_])+\\s*=\\s*([a-zA-Z0-9_\\$]+)/i';
  $arg = preg_replace($reg, '', $s);
  preg_match_all($reg, $s, $d);
  $arr = array();
  foreach($d[1] as $key => $value) {
    $arr[trim($value)] = trim($d[2][$key]);
  }
  return array($arr, $arg);
  }

• _if 方法
  
  将{if}{/if}标签解析成原生 的php，简单明了，不多解释

  function _if ($search, $tag, $arg) {
  $replace[0] = "<? if($arg){?>";
  $replace[1] = "<? }?>";
  $this->string = str_replace(array($search, "{/$tag}"), $replace, $this->string);
  }

• _else方法
  将{else}解析成原生的php

  function _else($search, $tag, $arg) {
  $this->string = str_replace("{else}", "\\n" . '<? } else {?>', $this->string);
  }

• _elseif方法
  将{elseif}解析成原生的php

  function _elseif($search, $tag, $arg) {
  $this->string = str_replace($search, "<? }elseif($arg){?>", $this->string);
  }
  

  　　

• _for 方法

  function _for($search, $tag, $arg) {
  $s = trim(trim(preg_replace('/\\s+/', ' ; ', $arg)), ';');
  $this->string = str_replace($search, "<? for($s){?>", $this->string);
  $this->string = str_replace("{/for}", "<? \\t\\n}?>", $this->string);
  }
  

  　　

• _while方法

  function _while($search, $tag, $arg) {
  $this->string = str_replace($search , "<? while($aeg){ ?>", $this->string);
  $this->string = str_replace("{/while}", "<? \\t\\n} ?>", $this->string);
  }
  

  　　

• _end方法
  通过这个方法对其$this->string进行修改可以对变量进行如下标签定义：
  {$val}{$arr[$key]}{$arr['key']}{:val()}{$arr.key}{$arr.$key}

  function _end() {
  //{$val}标签解析
  $this->string = preg_replace('/\\{(\\$\\w+.*)\\}/is', "<?=\\\\1;?>", $this->string);
   //{:$val()}标签解析
  $this->string = preg_replace('/\\{\\:\\s*(\\$?\\w+.*?)\\}/is', "<? =\\\\1;?>", $this->string);
  //将$val[arg]解析成$val['arg']
  $this->string = preg_replace('/\\$([_a-z]+\\w*)\\[([_a-z]+\\w*)\\]/is', "$\\\\1['\\\\2']", $this->string);
  //支持点号访问数组。如array['key']可以用array.key访问
  $this->string = preg_replace('/\\$([_a-z]+\\w*)\\.(\\$[_a-z]+\\w*)/is', "$\\\\1[\\\\2]", $this->string);
  $this->string = preg_replace('/\\$([_a-z]+\\w*)\\.([_a-z]+\\w*)/is', "$\\\\1['\\\\2']", $this->string);
  $this->string = preg_replace(array("/<\?/", "/<?\php\s*=/"), array("<?php ", "<?php echo "), $this->string);
  }
  

  　　

• _result方法,做最后处理，返回字符串，_end方法在上面已经解释过了

  function result() {
  $this->_end();
  $this->_baseParse($this->stirng);
  return str_replace(array("\\HKH1", "\\HKH2"), array("\\{", "\\}"), $this->string);
  }
  

  　　

  下面再来介绍一下几个过滤的方法

• _htmlencodeEcho方法
  
  可以用此种形式对变量进行htmlspecialchars式的过滤spspecialchars函数后面会有介绍{:e $val}

  function _htmlencodeEcho($search, $tag, $arg) {
  if (stripos($arg, '$')) {
    $this->string = str_replace($search, "<? echo sphtmlspecialchars(!empty($arg)?$arg:''))?>", $this->string);
  } else {
    $this->string = str_replace($search, "<? echo sphtmlspecialchars($arg)?>", $this->string);
  }
  }
  

  　　

• _htmldecodeEcho方法

  _htmldecodeEcho($search, $tag, $arg) {
  if (stripos($arg, '$')) {
    $this->string = str_replace($search, "<? echo htmlspecialchars_decode(!empty($arg)?$arg:'')?>", $this->string);
  } else {
    $this->string = str_replace($search, "<? echo htmlspecialchars_decode($arg)?>", $this->string);
  }
  }
  

  　　

• _defaultEcho方法

  function _defaultEcho($search, $tag, $arg) {
  if (stripos($arg, ',') == false) {
    $arg . = ", ' ' ";
    list($v, $default) = explode(",", $arg);
    $this->string = str_replace($search, "<? echo empty($v)?$default:$v; ?>", $this->string);
  }
  }
  

  　　

• _xssEcho方法

  _xssEcho($search, $tag, $arg) {
  $this->string = str_replace($search, "<? echo xssRemove($arg); ?>", $this->string);
  }
  

  　　

  _echo方法

  function _echo($search, $tag, $arg){
  $this->string = str_replace($search, "<? echo $arg;?>", $this->string);
  }
  

  　　

• _baseParse方法，这个对css和js的引入进行处理

  function _baseParse($s) {
  if (strpos($s, "{loadCss") !== false) {
    $s = $this->_loadCss($s);
  }
  if (strpos($s, "{loadJs") !== false) {
    $s = $this->_loadJs($s);
  }
  return $s;
  }
  

  　　

• _loadJs方法

  function _loadJs($tpl) {
  preg_match_all('/\{loadJs\s+([^\{\}]+?)\s*\}/i', $tpl, $match);
  include "jsmin.php";
  foreach($match[1] as $k => $js) {
    $jsstr = "";
    $cdn = "";
    $if (stripos($js, ',') !== false) {
        $filename = "";
        $md5 = "";
        $js_content = "";
        foreach(explode(',', $js) as $j) {
          $filename .= basename($j, '.js') . ',';
          $md5 .= self::fileMd5($j);
          if (stripos($j, '.min.') == false) {
            $js_content .= JSMin::minify(file_get_contents(WEB_ROOT . $j));
          } else {
            $js_content .= file_get_contents(WEB_ROOT . $j);
          }
          $js_content .= ';'
        }
      $md5 = md5($md5);
      $filename = dirname($j) . '/' .trim($filename, ',') . '.js';
      self::parseJs($js_content, $filename);
      $jsstr = "<script src=\"{$cdn}{$filename}?v={$md5}\"></script>";
    } else {
      $md5 = self::fileMd5($js);
      if (stripos($js, ".min.") === false) {
        $js = self::pareJs(JSMin::minify(file_get_contents(WEB_ROOT . $js)), dirname($js). '/' .basename($js, '.js') . '.min.js');
      }
      $jsstr = "<script src=\"{$cdn}{$js}?v={$mdt}\"></script>";
    }
    $tpl = str_replace($match[0][$k], $jsstr, $tpl);
  }
  return $tpl;
  }
  

  　　

  _loadCss方法

  function _loadCss($tpl) {
  preg_match_all('/\{loadCss\s+([^\{\}]+)\s*\}/i' , $tpl , $match);
  $cdn = "";
  foreach($match[1] as $k => $css) {
    $cssstr = "";
    if (stripos($css, ',') !== false) {
      $filename = "";
      $md5 = "";
      $css_content = "";
       foreach($explode(',', $css) as $css) {
           $filename .= basename($css, '.css') . ',';
           $md5 = self::fileMd5($css);
            $css_content .= file_get_contents(WEB_ROOT .$css);
       }
       $md5 = md5($md5);
       $filename = dirname($css) . '/' .trim($filename, ',') . '.css';
        self::parseCss($css_content, $filename);
         $cssstr = "<link rel=\"stylesheet\" href=\"{$cdn}{$filename}?v={md5}\">";
    } else {
      $md5 = self::fileMd5($css);
       if (stripos($css, ".min.") == false) {
          $css = self::parseCss(file_get_contents(WEB_ROOT . $css), dirname($css) . '/' .basename($css, '.css') . '.min.css');
        }
        $cssstr .= "<link rel=\"stylesheet\" href=\"{$cdn}{$css}?v={$md5}\">";
    }
    $tpl = str_replace($match[0][$k], $cssstr, $tpl);
  }
  return $tpl;
  }
  

  　　

• 上面两个函数都用到了各自的parseCss,和parseJs,让我们来看下

  static function parseCss($css_content, $filename) {
  $css_content = preg_replace("/[\r\n\t]/", '', $css_content);
  $css_content = preg_replace("/ +/", ' ', $css_content);
  sp_file_pu_contents(WEB_ROOT . $filename, $css_content);
  return $filename;
  }
  static function parseJs($js, $filename) {
  sp_file_put_content(WEB_ROOT . $filename, $js);
  return $filename;
  }
  

  　　

---

上面的_html类和他的方法对传入的字符串进行了标签到原生 Php的替换，可以传入相应的模板，也可以在其中自定义自己的过滤方法。

下面我们再来看一个template类：

定义这个类来对模板进行管理，这里会用到上面的_html类，基本定义如下，接下来会介绍其中的一些方法

class template {
  private $tpl_cache_dir;
  public $ext = ".htm";
  public $default_tpl_dir = false;
  public $me;

  function _construct($tpl_cache_dir, $me) {
    $this->sets($tpl_cache_dir);
    $this->me = $me;
  }
  function sets($tpl_cache_dir) {
    $this->tpl_cache_dir = $tpl_cache_dir;
    if (SP_DEBUG == 1) {
      spmkdir($this->tpl_cache_dir);
    }
  }
  function default_template($dir) {
    $this->default_tpl_dir = $dir;
  }
}

　　

• getString方法
  
  在之前 开启ob_start(),然后获取这之间的ob数据，试用于框架中

  function getString() {
  $s = ob_get_contents();
  ob_clean();
  return $s;
  }
  

  　　

• display方法

  function display($tpl, $return = 0, $script = SCRIPT) {
  $tpl .= $this->ext;
  $tpl_name = $this->tpl_cache_dir . $script . '_' . str_replace(['/', '\\\\'], '_', $tpl);
  if (SP_DEBUG){
    if (SP_DEBUG == 1 || (SP_DEBUG == 2 && !file_exists($tpl_name))) {
      $this->compiles($tpl_name, $tpl);
    }
  }
  return $tpl_name;
  }
  

  　　

• compiles方法, 在这里使用了sp_file_put_contentsb函数会在后面介绍

  function compiles($cache_name, $tpl) {
  if (!file_exists($tpl)) {
    if (file_exists($this->default_tpl_dir . $tpl)) {
      $html = file_get_contents($this->default_tpl_dir . $tpl);
    } else {
      spmkdir(dirname($tpl), '777');
      file_get_contents($tpl, 这个是自动生成模板');
    }
  } else {
    $html = file_get_contents($tpl);
  }
  $tag = new _HtmlTag(realpath(dirname($tpl) . '/../'), $this);
  $tag->render($html);
  $html = preg_replace_callback('//s', array(&$this, "make_magic_func"), $tag->result());
  $html = preg_replace('/[\\n\\r]{1,}/s', "\\n", $html);
  @unlink($cache_name);
  sp_file_put_contents($cache_name, $thml);
  }
  

  　　

• make_magic_func方法

  function make_magic_func($d) {
  preg_match_all('/(\\w+)=\\s*(\\'|\\")([^\\'"]+)?\\2/m', $d[2], $dd);
  $aa = array();
  foreach($dd[1] as $i => $k) {
    $vs = preg_replace('/([^\\-]*[<>]{1,1})\\s*(\\S+)?\\s*/', '\\1\\'\\2\\' ', $dd[3][$i]);
    $vs = preg_replace('/=\\s*(\\S+)?\\s*/', '=\\'\\1\\'', $dd[3][$i]);
    if (stripos($d[3][$i], '$') !== false) {
      $vs = preg_replace('/\\$([^\\']+)\\s*/', '{$\\1}', $vs);
     }
  }
  }
  

  注意

• 两个类的相应方法都 定义好了，这其中用到的函数sp_file_pu_contents($file, $data)

  function sp_file_put_contents($file, $data) {
    $dir = dirname($file);
    if (is_writeable($dir)) {
        return file_put_contents($file, $data);
    } else {
        throw new writeFail(sprintf("写入文件%s,失败，目录不可写", $file), 503);
    }
  }

  js压缩类: jsmin.class.php
  链接：http://pan.baidu.com/s/1kUBx0X5 密码：y5jb
  将这两个 类定义在一个文件中，使用进进行相应的配置

  define("WEB_ROOT", dirname(__FILE__) . '/');

　　　使用

• 文件准备

  base.htm,main.htm,test.js,test1.js,test.css,test1.css,indx.php,im.htm

• main.htm:

  {import ./im}
  {block name=head}
  {block name=body}
  {block name=foot}

• base.htm

  {extends ./main}
  {block head}
  {loadCss test.css,test1.css}
  {loop $data $k $v}
  <p>
  我是头部
  </p>
  {/loop}
  {if $bb == 'aa'}
  <p>
  我是if 测试
  </p>
  {elseif $bb = 'bb'}
  <p>
  我是elesif测试
  </p>
  {else}
  <p>
  我是eles测试
  </p>
  {/if}
  {for $i=0 $i<10 $i++}
  <p>
  我是for循环
  </p>
  {/for}
  {while $con >5}
  <? $con--;?>
  <p>
  我是while循环
  </p>
  {/while}
  {/block}
  {block foot}
  <p>
  我是尾部
  </p>
  {loadJs test1.js,test.js}
  {/block}

• im.htm

  我是import进来的

• index.php

<?php
define('WEB_ROOT',dirname(__FILE__) . '/');
function sp_file_put_contents($file, $data) {
    $dir = dirname($file);
    if (is_writeable($dir)) {
        return file_put_contents($file, $data);
    } else {
        throw new writeFail(sprintf("写入文件%s,失败，目录不可写", $file), 503);
    }
}
class _HtmlTag{
    protected $taglist = "if|elseif|else|loop|for|while|=|:=|:e|:html|:";
    protected $string;
    protected $tpldir;
    public $findReg;
    function __construct($dir, $tpl) {
        $this->findReg = "/\{[ ]*($this->taglist)(\s*[^\{\}]+\s*)?\}/i";
        $this->tpldir = $dir;
        $this->tpl =$tpl;
    }
    function render($s) {
        $s = str_replace(['<--{', '}-->'], ['{','}'], $s);
        if (strpos($s, "{extends") !== false) {
            $s = $this->_extends($s);
        }
        $s = preg_replace('/[\n\r]+/s', "\n", $s);
        $s = preg_replace('/\r+/s', "", $s);
        $s = preg_replace('/\t+/s', "\t", $s);
        $this->string = str_replace(["\{", "\}"], ["\HKH1", "\HKH2"], $s);
        preg_match_all("/\{[ ]*(import)(\s*[^\{\}]+\s*)?\}/i", $s, $d);
        foreach($d[0] as $k => $v) {
            call_user_func_array(array($this, "_import"), array($v, $d[1][$k], $d[2][$k]));
        }
        static $m = array("=" => "_defaultEcho", ":=" =>" _xssEcho", ":e" => "_htmlencodeEcho", ":" => "_echo", ":html" => "_htmldecodeEcho");
        preg_match_all($this->findReg, $this->string, $d);
        foreach ($d[0] as $k => $v) {
            if (isset($m[$d[1][$k]])) {
                $medth = $m[$d[1][$k]];
            } else {
                $medth = '_' . $d[1][$k];
            }
            call_user_func_array(array($this, $medth), array($v, $d[1][$k], $d[2][$k]));
        }
    }
    function _extends($tpl) {
        preg_match("/\{\s*extends\s+([^\{\}]+?)\s*\}/i", $tpl, $d);
        list($search, $arg) = $d;
        if (stripos($arg, ".") !==0 ) {
            $arg = '../' . $arg;
        }
        //$file = $this->tpl->me->realTpl($arg . ".htm");
        $file = $arg . ".htm";
        $basetpl = file_get_contents($file);
        preg_match_all("/\{block\s+([^\{\}]+?)\s*\}(.+?)\{\/block\}/s", $tpl, $ds);
        foreach($ds[1] as $n => $name) {
            $basetpl = preg_replace("/\{block\s+name={$name}\s*\}/", $ds[2][$n], $basetpl);
        }
        $basetpl = preg_replace("/\{block\s+name=.+?\}/", ' ', $basetpl);

        return $basetpl;
    }
    function _import ($search, $tag, $arg) {

        $arg = trim($arg);
        if (stripos($arg, ".") !== 0) {
            $arg = '../' . $arg;
        }
        //$file = $this->tpl->me->realTpl($arg . ".htm");
        $file = $arg . ".htm";
        if (file_exists($file)) {
            $this->string = str_replace($search, file_get_contents($file), $this->string);
            return;
        } else {
            if (stripos($file, "$") !== false) {
            $this->string = str_replace($search, '<? include $this->tpl->display("' . $arg . '"); ?>', $this->string);
            return;
        }
        if (stripos($arg, '|') !== false) {
            list($func, $tmp) = explode("|", trim($arg));
            $kw = explode(', ', $tmp);
        } else {
            $func = trim($arg);
            $kw = array();
        }
        if (function_exists($func)) {
            $tpl_str = call_user_func_array($func, $kw);
            $this->string = str_replace($search, $tpl_str, $this->string);
            return;
        } else {
            $this->string = str_replace($search, $arg, $this->string);
            return;
        }
            system_error($this->tpldir . trim($arg) . ".htm不存在");
        }
    }

    function mytest(){
        return $this->string;
    }

    function _baseParse($s) {
        if (strpos($s, "{loadCss") !== false) {
            $s = $this->_loadCss($s);
        }
        if (strpos($s, "{loadJs") !== false) {
            $s = $this->_loadJs($s);
        }
        return $s;
    }

    function fileMd5($f) {
        if (stripos($f, "http://") !== false) {
            return md5($f);
        }
            return md5_file(WEB_ROOT . $f);
    }

    function _loadCss($tpl) {
        preg_match_all('/\{loadCss\s+([^\{\}]+)\s*\}/i' , $tpl , $match);
        $cdn = "";
        foreach($match[1] as $k => $css) {
            $cssstr = "";
            if (stripos($css, ',') !== false) {
                $filename = "";
                $md5 = "";
                $css_content = "";
                foreach(explode(',', $css) as $css) {
                    $filename .= basename($css, '.css') . ',';
                    $md5 = self::fileMd5($css);
                    $css_content .= file_get_contents(WEB_ROOT .$css);
                }
                $md5 = md5($md5);
                $filename = dirname($css) . '/' . trim($filename, ',') . '.css';
                self::parseCss($css_content, $filename);
                $cssstr = "<link rel=\"stylesheet\" href=\"{$cdn}{$filename}?v={$md5}\">";
                } else {
                    $md5 = self::fileMd5($css);
                    if (stripos($css, ".min.") == false) {
                        $css = self::parseCss(file_get_contents(WEB_ROOT . $css), dirname($css) . '/' .basename($css, '.css') . '.min.css');
                    }
                    $cssstr .= "<link rel=\"stylesheet\" href=\"{$cdn}{$css}?v={$md5}\">";
            }
            $tpl = str_replace($match[0][$k], $cssstr, $tpl);
        }
        return $tpl;
    }    

    function _loadJs($tpl) {

        preg_match_all('/\{loadJs\s+([^\{\}]+?)\s*\}/i', $tpl, $match);
        //var_dump($match);die;
        include "jsmin.class.php";
        foreach($match[1] as $k => $js) {
            $jsstr = "";
            $cdn = "";
            if (stripos($js, ',') !== false) {
                $filename = "";
                $md5 = "";
                $js_content = "";
                foreach(explode(',', $js) as $j) {
                    $filename .= basename($j, '.js') . ',';
                    $md5 .= self::fileMd5($j);
                    if (stripos($j, '.min.') === false) {
                        $js_content .= JSMin::minify(file_get_contents(WEB_ROOT . $j));
                    } else {
                        $js_content .= file_get_contents(WEB_ROOT . $j);
                    }
                    $js_content .= ';';
                }
                $md5 = md5($md5);

                $filename = dirname($js) . '/' .trim($filename, ',') . '.js';
                self::parseJs($js_content, $filename);
                $jsstr = "<script src=\"{$cdn}{$filename}?v={$md5}\"></script>";
            } else {
                $md5 = self::fileMd5($js);
                if (stripos($js, ".min.") === false) {
                    $js = self::pareJs(JSMin::minify(file_get_contents(WEB_ROOT . $js)), dirname($js). '/' .basename($js, '.js') . '.min.js');
                }
                $jsstr = "<script src=\"{$cdn}{$js}?v={$mdt}\"></script>";
            }
            $tpl = str_replace($match[0][$k], $jsstr, $tpl);
        }
        return $tpl;
    }

    static function parseCss($css_content, $filenme) {

        $css_content = preg_replace("/[\r\n\t]/", '', $css_content);
        $css_content = preg_replace("/ +/", ' ', $css_content);
        // echo WEB_ROOT . $filenme;

        sp_file_put_contents(WEB_ROOT . $filenme, $css_content);

        return $filenme;
    }

    static function parseJs($js, $filenme) {

        sp_file_put_contents(WEB_ROOT . $filenme, $js);

        return $filenme;

    }

    function _loop($search, $tag, $arg) {
        list($attr, $arg) = $this->parseAttr($arg);
        $d = preg_split("/\s+/", trim($arg));
        if (count($d) == 3) {
            $data = $d[0];
            $k = $d[1];
            $v = $d[2];
            $s = "<? \n if(!empty($data)) {\n \t foreach(" . $data . " as {$k} => {$v}){";
        } elseif (count($d) == 2) {
            $data = $d[0];
            $v = $d[1];
            $s = "<? \n if(!empty($data)){\n \t foreach(". $datsa . " as {$v}) {";
        }

        if (isset($attr['counter'])) {
            $s = "\n\t\t <? if (!isset({$attr['counter']})) { {$attr['counter']} = 0;} ?> \n \t\t" . $s . "\n \t\t{$attr['counter']}++; \n ?>";
            } else {
            $s .= "?>";
        }
        $this->string = str_replace($search, $s, $this->string);
        $this->string = str_replace("{/loop}", "<? \t}\n}?>", $this->string);
    }
    function parseAttr($s) {
        $reg = '/([a-zA-Z0-9_])+\s*=\s*([a-zA-Z0-9_\$]+)/i';
        $arg = preg_replace($reg, '', $s);
        preg_match_all($reg, $s, $d);
        $arr = array();
        foreach($d[1] as $key => $value) {
            $arr[trim($value)] = trim($d[2][$key]);
        }
        return array($arr, $arg);
    }
    function _if ($search, $tag, $arg) {
        $replace[0] = "<? if($arg){?>";
        $replace[1] = "<? }?>";
        $this->string = str_replace(array($search, "{/$tag}"), $replace, $this->string);
    }
    function _else($search, $tag, $arg) {
        $this->string = str_replace("{else}", "\n" . '<? } else {?>', $this->string);
    }
    function _elseif($search, $tag, $arg) {
     $this->string = str_replace($search, "<? }elseif($arg){?>", $this->string);
    }

    function _for($search, $tag, $arg) {
      $s = trim(trim(preg_replace('/\s+/', ' ; ', $arg)), ';');
      $this->string = str_replace($search, "<? for($s){?>", $this->string);
      $this->string = str_replace("{/for}", "<? \t\n}?>", $this->string);
    }
    function _while($search, $tag, $arg) {
      $this->string = str_replace($search , "<? while($arg){ ?>", $this->string);
      $this->string = str_replace("{/while}", "<? \t\n} ?>", $this->string);
    }
    function _end() {
        //{$val}标签解析
        $this->string = preg_replace('/\\{(\\$\\w+.*)\\}/is', "<?=\\\\1;?>", $this->string);
        //{:$val()}标签解析
        $this->string = preg_replace('/\\{\\:\\s*(\\$?\\w+.*?)\\}/is', "<? =\\\\1;?>", $this->string);
        //将$val[arg]解析成$val['arg']
        $this->string = preg_replace('/\\$([_a-z]+\\w*)\\[([_a-z]+\\w*)\\]/is', "$\\\\1['\\\\2']", $this->string);
        //支持点号访问数组。如array['key']可以用array.key访问
        $this->string = preg_replace('/\\$([_a-z]+\\w*)\\.(\\$[_a-z]+\\w*)/is', "$\\\\1[\\\\2]", $this->string);
        $this->string = preg_replace('/\\$([_a-z]+\\w*)\\.([_a-z]+\\w*)/is', "$\\\\1['\\\\2']", $this->string);
        $this->sring = preg_replace(array("/<\?/", "/<\?php\s*=/"), array("<?php ", "<?php echo "), $this->string);
    }
    function result() {
        $this->_end();
        $this->string = $this->_baseParse($this->string);
        return str_replace(array("\\HKH1", "\\HKH2"), array("\\{", "\\}"), $this->string);
    }
}
$data = ['aa','bb','cc'];
$bb = 'aa';
$con = 11;
$tag = new _HtmlTag('./index', '');
$str = file_get_contents('base.htm');
$tag->render($str);
$html = $tag->result();
var_dump($html);
echo '</br>----------------------------</br>';
sp_file_put_contents("./index.html", $html);
include "index.html";

• 运行index.php查看结果
  

   
  

  总结
  
  我们来总结一下这个类的使用过程，先实例话template类，调用template::display()方法，其中会调用template::compiles()方法，这个方法会实例化_HhtmlTag类，调用_HtmlTag::render方法，在这个方法里，对传入的带字符串进行一个结构的完整化，包括调用_HtmlTag::_extends,_HtmlTag::_import，_HtmlTag::_loop,_HtmlTag::_if,_HtmlTag::elseif,_HtmlTag::else,_HtmlTag::_for,_HtmlTag::while接着调用_HtmlTag::result方法，里面调用_HtmlTag::_end方法对变量进行php原生化和_HtmlTag::_baseParse()引入css和js，最后返回解析好的完整模板字符串。