python tesseract-ocr 基础验证码识别功能（Windows）

一、环境

　　windows 7 x64

　　Python 3 +

二、安装

　　1、tesseract-ocr安装

　　http://digi.bib.uni-mannheim.de/tesseract/

　　2、pytesseract安装

　　pip install pytesseract

　　3、Pillow 安装

　　pip install pillow

三、使用　　

#! -*- coding:utf-8 -*-

import pytesseract
from PIL import Image
pytesseract.pytesseract.tesseract_cmd = 'c://Program Files (x86)//Tesseract-OCR//tesseract.exe'

tessdata_dir_config = '--tessdata-dir "c://Program Files (x86)//Tesseract-OCR//tessdata"'

def main():
    image = Image.open('code.png')
    code = pytesseract.image_to_string(image, lang = 'eng', config=tessdata_dir_config)
    print (code)   

if __name__ == '__main__':
    main()

四、心得、遇到的坑

　　1、在 Windows 环境下的支持没有那么好，单单导入 import pytesseract 包，会一直报 Not Find 的错误。

　　　　原因：没有找到安装步骤中的 tesseract-ocr 应用程序，需在代码中加入引用：　　　　

 　　　pytesseract.pytesseract.tesseract_cmd = 'c://Program Files (x86)//Tesseract-OCR//tesseract.exe' 

　　2、image_to_string 需要重载两个参数，大概的理解，

　　　　lang = 'eng' 会找到 tessdate_dir_config 下配置路径下的 tessdata 文件夹下的 eng.traineddata 文件，

　　　　config= 则是引用路径

　　可以根据 tessdata 目录下的 *.traineddata 文件进行配置不同的识别库（不知道是否正确，大概的理解是这样）

　　

　　错误提示：

Traceback (most recent call last):
File "D:\***\VerifyCodeTest\src\main.py", line 17, in <module>
main()
File "D:\***\VerifyCodeTest\src\main.py", line 11, in main
code = pytesseract.image_to_string(image, lang = 'eng', config=tessdata_dir_config)
File "C:\Users\*\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python36\lib\site-packages\pytesseract\pytesseract.py", line 193, in image_to_string
return run_and_get_output(image, 'txt', lang, config, nice)
File "C:\Users\*\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python36\lib\site-packages\pytesseract\pytesseract.py", line 140, in run_and_get_output
run_tesseract(**kwargs)
File "C:\Users\*\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python36\lib\site-packages\pytesseract\pytesseract.py", line 111, in run_tesseract
proc = subprocess.Popen(command, stderr=subprocess.PIPE)
File "C:\Users\*\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python36\lib\subprocess.py", line 707, in __init__
restore_signals, start_new_session)
File "C:\Users\*\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python36\lib\subprocess.py", line 990, in _execute_child
startupinfo)
FileNotFoundError: [WinError 2] The system cannot find the file specified

Traceback (most recent call last):
File "D:\***\VerifyCodeTest\src\main.py", line 17, in <module>
main()
File "D:\***\VerifyCodeTest\src\main.py", line 11, in main
code = pytesseract.image_to_string(image)#, lang = 'eng', config=tessdata_dir_config)
File "C:\Users\*\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python36\lib\site-packages\pytesseract\pytesseract.py", line 193, in image_to_string
return run_and_get_output(image, 'txt', lang, config, nice)
File "C:\Users\*\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python36\lib\site-packages\pytesseract\pytesseract.py", line 140, in run_and_get_output
run_tesseract(**kwargs)
File "C:\Users\*\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python36\lib\site-packages\pytesseract\pytesseract.py", line 116, in run_tesseract
raise TesseractError(status_code, get_errors(error_string))
pytesseract.pytesseract.TesseractError: (1, 'Error opening data file \\Program Files (x86)\\Tesseract-OCR\\eng.traineddata Please make sure the TESSDATA_PREFIX environment variable is set to your "tessdata" directory. Failed loading language \'eng\' Tesseract couldn\'t load any languages! Could not initialize tesseract.')

参考自：https://blog.csdn.net/a349458532/article/details/51490291