dubbo实现示例

创建MAVEN项目

项目结构：

在项目pom.xml中添加依赖

<dependency>
  <groupId>org.apache.zookeeper</groupId>
  <artifactId>zookeeper</artifactId>
  <version>3.4.9</version>
</dependency>
<!-- dubbo -->
<dependency>
  <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
  <artifactId>dubbo</artifactId>
  <version>2.5.3</version>
  <exclusions>
    <exclusion>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring</artifactId>
    </exclusion>
  </exclusions>
</dependency>
<dependency>
  <groupId>com.101tec</groupId>
  <artifactId>zkclient</artifactId>
  <version>0.10</version>
</dependency>

主要分三大模块： 
dubbo-api : 存放公共接口； 
dubbo-consumer :　调用远程服务； 
dubbo-provider : 提供远程服务。

第一步创建dubbo-api的MAVEN项目(有独立的pom.xml，用来打包供提供者消费者使用)。 
在项目中定义服务接口：该接口需单独打包，在服务提供方和消费方共享。

package com.alibaba.dubbo.demo;

import java.util.List;

public interface DemoService {
    List<String> getPermissions(Long id);
}

第二步创建dubbo-provider的MAVEN项目(有独立的pom.xml，用来打包供消费者使用)。 
实现公共接口，此实现对消费者隐藏：

在pom.xml中添加依赖

<dependencies>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>DubboDemo</groupId>
        <artifactId>dubbo-api</artifactId>
        <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
    </dependency>
</dependencies>

创建配置文件provider.xml声明暴露服务

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:dubbo="http://code.alibabatech.com/schema/dubbo"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
       http://code.alibabatech.com/schema/dubbo
       http://code.alibabatech.com/schema/dubbo/dubbo.xsd">
    <!--定义了提供方应用信息，用于计算依赖关系；在 dubbo-admin 或 dubbo-monitor 会显示这个名字，方便辨识
        owner 是负责人 在dubbo-admin 中可以看的   organization  组织
    -->
    <dubbo:application name="demotest-provider" owner="programmer" organization="dubbox"/>
    <!--使用 zookeeper 注册中心暴露服务，注意要先开启 zookeeper-->
    <dubbo:registry address="zookeeper://localhost:2181"/>
    <!-- 用dubbo协议在20880端口暴露服务 -->
    <dubbo:protocol name="dubbo" port="20880" />
    <!--使用 dubbo 协议实现定义好的 api.PermissionService 接口-->
    <dubbo:service interface="com.alibaba.dubbo.demo.DemoService" ref="demoService" protocol="dubbo" />
    <!--具体实现该接口的 bean-->
    <bean id="demoService" class="com.alibaba.dubbo.demo.impl.DemoServiceImpl"/>
</beans>

实现接口

package com.alibaba.dubbo.demo.impl;

import com.alibaba.dubbo.demo.DemoService;

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;

public class DemoServiceImpl implements DemoService {
    public List<String> getPermissions(Long id) {
        List<String> demo = new ArrayList<String>();
        demo.add(String.format("Permission_%d", id - 1));
        demo.add(String.format("Permission_%d", id));
        demo.add(String.format("Permission_%d", id + 1));
        return demo;
    }
}

写一个main方法启动服务

package com.alibaba.dubbo.demo.impl;

import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;

import java.io.IOException;

public class Provider {
        public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
            ClassPathXmlApplicationContext context = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("provider.xml");
            System.out.println(context.getDisplayName() + ": here");
            context.start();
            System.out.println("服务已经启动...");
            System.in.read();
        }
    }

第三步创建dubbo-consumer的MAVEN项目(可以有多个consumer，但是需要配置好)。 
调用所需要的远程服务：

<artifactId>dubbo-consumer</artifactId>
<dependencies>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>DubboDemo</groupId>
        <artifactId>dubbo-api</artifactId>
        <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
    </dependency>
</dependencies>

创建配置文件consumer.xml引用远程服务

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:dubbo="http://code.alibabatech.com/schema/dubbo"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
       http://code.alibabatech.com/schema/dubbo http://code.alibabatech.com/schema/dubbo/dubbo.xsd">
    <dubbo:application name="demotest-consumer" owner="programmer" organization="dubbox"/>
    <!--向 zookeeper 订阅 provider 的地址，由 zookeeper 定时推送-->
    <dubbo:registry address="zookeeper://localhost:2181"/>
    <!--使用 dubbo 协议调用定义好的 api.PermissionService 接口-->
    <dubbo:reference id="permissionService" interface="com.alibaba.dubbo.demo.DemoService"/>
</beans>

启动Consumer,调用远程服务：

package com.alibaba.dubbo.consumer;

import com.alibaba.dubbo.demo.DemoService;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;

public class Consumer {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        //测试常规服务
        ClassPathXmlApplicationContext context =
                new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("consumer.xml");
        context.start();
        System.out.println("consumer start");
        DemoService demoService = context.getBean(DemoService.class);
        System.out.println("consumer");
        System.out.println(demoService.getPermissions(1L));
    }
}

使用dubbo Main方法启动服务

Pom.xml中配置

<build>
    <finalName>dubbo-provider</finalName>
    <resources>
        <resource>
            <targetPath>${project.build.directory}/classes</targetPath>
            <directory>src/main/resources</directory>
            <filtering>true</filtering>
            <includes>
                <include>**/*.xml</include>
                <include>**/*.properties</include>
            </includes>
        </resource>
        <!-- 结合com.alibaba.dubbo.container.Main -->
        <resource>
            <targetPath>${project.build.directory}/classes/META-INF/spring</targetPath>
            <directory>src/main/resources</directory>
            <filtering>true</filtering>
            <includes>
                <include>spring-mybatis.xml</include>
            </includes>
        </resource>
    </resources>

    <pluginManagement>
        <plugins>
            <!-- 解决Maven插件在Eclipse内执行了一系列的生命周期引起冲突 -->
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.eclipse.m2e</groupId>
                <artifactId>lifecycle-mapping</artifactId>
                <version>1.0.0</version>
                <configuration>
                    <lifecycleMappingMetadata>
                        <pluginExecutions>
                            <pluginExecution>
                                <pluginExecutionFilter>
                                    <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
                                    <artifactId>maven-dependency-plugin</artifactId>
                                    <versionRange>[2.0,)</versionRange>
                                    <goals>
                                        <goal>copy-dependencies</goal>
                                    </goals>
                                </pluginExecutionFilter>
                                <action>
                                    <ignore />
                                </action>
                            </pluginExecution>
                        </pluginExecutions>
                    </lifecycleMappingMetadata>
                </configuration>
            </plugin>
            <plugin>
                <artifactId>maven-clean-plugin</artifactId>
                <version>3.1.0</version>
            </plugin>
            <!-- see http://maven.apache.org/ref/current/maven-core/default-bindings.html#Plugin_bindings_for_war_packaging -->
            <plugin>
                <artifactId>maven-resources-plugin</artifactId>
                <version>3.0.2</version>
            </plugin>
            <plugin>
                <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
                <version>3.8.0</version>
            </plugin>
            <plugin>
                <artifactId>maven-surefire-plugin</artifactId>
                <version>2.22.1</version>
            </plugin>
            <plugin>
                <artifactId>maven-war-plugin</artifactId>
                <version>3.2.2</version>
            </plugin>
            <plugin>
                <artifactId>maven-install-plugin</artifactId>
                <version>2.5.2</version>
            </plugin>
            <plugin>
                <artifactId>maven-deploy-plugin</artifactId>
                <version>2.8.2</version>
            </plugin>
            <!-- 打包jar文件时，配置manifest文件，加入lib包的jar依赖 -->
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
                <artifactId>maven-jar-plugin</artifactId>
                <configuration>
                    <classesDirectory>target/classes/</classesDirectory>
                    <archive>
                        <manifest>
                            <mainClass>com.alibaba.dubbo.container.Main</mainClass>
                            <!-- 打包时 MANIFEST.MF文件不记录的时间戳版本 -->
                            <useUniqueVersions>false</useUniqueVersions>
                            <addClasspath>true</addClasspath>
                            <classpathPrefix>lib/</classpathPrefix>
                        </manifest>
                        <manifestEntries>
                            <Class-Path>.</Class-Path>
                        </manifestEntries>
                    </archive>
                </configuration>
            </plugin>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
                <artifactId>maven-dependency-plugin</artifactId>
                <executions>
                    <execution>
                        <id>copy-dependencies</id>
                        <phase>package</phase>
                        <goals>
                            <goal>copy-dependencies</goal>
                        </goals>
                        <configuration>
                            <type>jar</type>
                            <includeTypes>jar</includeTypes>
                            <!--<useUniqueVersions>false</useUniqueVersions>-->
                            <outputDirectory>
                                ${project.build.directory}/lib
                            </outputDirectory>
                        </configuration>
                    </execution>
                </executions>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </pluginManagement>
</build>

2使用maven 打成jar包

或者使用命令

使用java -jar 启动服务