Codeforces 196 D. The Next Good String

D. The Next Good String

time limit per test

2 seconds

memory limit per test

256 megabytes

input

standard input

output

standard output

In problems on strings one often has to find a string with some particular properties. The problem authors were reluctant to waste time on thinking of a name for some string so they called it good.
A string is good if it doesn't have palindrome substrings longer than or equal to d.

You are given string s, consisting only of lowercase English letters. Find a good string t with
length |s|, consisting of lowercase English letters, which is lexicographically larger than s.
Of all such strings string t must be lexicographically minimum.

We will call a non-empty string s[a ... b] = sasa + 1... sb (1 ≤ a ≤ b ≤ |s|) a substring of
string s = s1s2... s|s|.

A non-empty string s = s1s2... sn is
called a palindrome if for all i from 1 to n the
following fulfills: si = sn - i + 1.
In other words, palindrome read the same in both directions.

String x = x1x2... x|x| is lexicographically
larger than string y = y1y2... y|y|,
if either |x| > |y| and x1 = y1, x2 = y2, ...
, x|y| = y|y|,
or there exists such number r (r < |x|, r < |y|),
that x1 = y1, x2 = y2, ...
, xr = yr and xr + 1 > yr + 1.
Characters in such strings are compared like their ASCII codes.

Input

The first line contains integer d (1 ≤ d ≤ |s|).

The second line contains a non-empty string s, its length is no more than 4·105 characters.
The string consists of lowercase English letters.

Output

Print the good string that lexicographically follows s, has the same length and consists of only lowercase English letters. If such string does not exist,
print "Impossible" (without the quotes).

Sample test(s)

input

3
aaaaaaa

output

aabbcaa

input

3
zzyzzzz

output

Impossible

input

4
abbabbbabbb

output

abbbcaaabab

搜索+hash。

长度为L的回文串一定包括长度为L－2的回文串。

推断回文的时候仅仅要推断d和d+1不是回文串就能够了。

#include <iostream>
#include <cstdio>
#include <cstring>
#include <algorithm>

using namespace std;

typedef unsigned long long int ull;

const int maxn=500100;

char s[maxn],r[maxn];
int n,d;
ull p[maxn],hash[maxn],rhash[maxn];

bool ok(int ed,int d)
{
	ed++;
	int st=ed-d+1;
	if(st<0) return true;
	if((rhash[ed]-rhash[st-1]*p[d])*p[st-1]!=hash[ed]-hash[st-1])
		return true;
	return false;
}

bool dfs(int x,int t)
{
	if(x==n)
	{
		puts(r);
		return true;
	}
	for(r[x]=(t?s[x]:'a');r[x]<='z';r[x]++)
	{
		hash[x+1]=hash[x]+r[x]*p[x];
		rhash[x+1]=rhash[x]*175+r[x];
		if(ok(x,d)&&ok(x,d+1)&&dfs(x+1,t&&(r[x]==s[x])))
			return true;
	}
	return false;
}

int main()
{
	scanf("%d %s",&d,s);
	n=strlen(s);
	int i=n-1;
	for(;i>=0&&s[i]=='z';i--)
		s[i]='a';
	if(i<0)
	{
		puts("Impossible");
		return 0;
	}
	s[i]++;p[0]=1;
	for(int i=1;i<n+100;i++)
		p[i]=p[i-1]*175;
	if(dfs(0,1)==false)
		puts("Impossible");
	return 0;
}