Hadoop环境搭建--Docker完全分布式部署Hadoop环境（菜鸟采坑吐血整理）

系统：Centos 7，内核版本3.10

本文介绍如何从0利用Docker搭建Hadoop环境，制作的镜像文件已经分享，也可以直接使用制作好的镜像文件。

一、宿主机准备工作

0、宿主机（Centos7）安装Java（非必须，这里是为了方便搭建用于调试的伪分布式环境）

1、宿主机安装Docker并启动Docker服务

• 安装：

yum install -y docker

• 启动：

service docker start

二、制作Hadoop镜像

（本文制作的镜像文件已经上传，如果直接使用制作好的镜像，可以忽略本步，直接跳转至步骤三）

1、从官方下载Centos镜像

docker pull centos

下载后查看镜像 docker images 可以看到刚刚拉取的Centos镜像

2、为镜像安装Hadoop

1）启动centos容器

docker run -it centos

2）容器内安装java

• https://www.oracle.com/technetwork/java/javase/downloads/index.html下载java，根据需要选择合适版本，如果下载历史版本拉到页面底端，这里我安装了java8

• /usr下创建java文件夹，并将java安装包在java文件下解压

tar -zxvf jdk-8u192-linux-x64.tar.gz

• 解压后文件夹改名（非必需）

mv jdk1..0_192 jdk1.

• 配置java环境变量  vi ~/.bashrc ，添加内容，保存后退出

export JAVA_HOME=/usr/java/jdk1.
export JRE_HOME=${JAVA_HOME}/jre
export CLASSPATH=.:${JAVA_HOME}/lib

export PATH=$PATH:${JAVA_HOME}/bin

使环境变量生效 source ~/.bashrc

验证安装结果 java -version

这里注意，因为是在容器中安装，修改的是~/.bashrc而非我们使用更多的/etc/profile，否则再次启动容器的时候会环境变量会失效。

3）容器内安装hadoop

• 选择需要的Hadoop版本，下载https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/apache/hadoop/common/

• 在容器的/usr/local目录下解压，并修改文件夹名为hadoop

tar -zxvf hadoop-2.7..tar.gz
mv hadoop-2.7..tar.gz hadoop

• 设置Hadoop的java-home

进入hadoop安装目录（以下操作均为hadoop的安装目录的相对路径）

cd /usr/local/hadoop/

执行  vi etc/hadoop/hadoop-env.sh

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在文件末尾添加jdk目录（这里=后面添加的是你的jdk目录）

export JAVA_HOME=/usr/java/jdk1.

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• 检查安装的hadoop是否可用 ./bin/hadoop version （注意要在hadoop的安装目录下执行）

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" alt="" />

• 配置hadoop环境变量

前面在验证hadoop命令的时候需要在hadoop的安装目录下执行./bin/hadoop，为了方便在任意地方执行hadoop命令，配置hadoop的全局环境变量，与java一样，修改~/.bashrc文件

执行  vi ~/.bashrc

添加内容

export HADOOP_HOME=/usr/local/hadoop
export PATH=$PATH:${JAVA_HOME}/bin:${HADOOP_HOME}/bin:${HADOOP_HOME}/sbin

（P.S. “HADOOP_HOME=”后面配置hadoop安装目录；

这里的PATH变量是java和hadoop结合的；

这样配置之后，可以在任意位置执行hadoop命令）

source ~/.bashrc 使环境变量生效

hadoop version 验证变量生效

4）为容器安装辅助程序

下面安装的程序都是在制作镜像过程中需要用的工具或踩到的坑，提前装好避免一些奇怪问题

• 配置时间同步服务器

　　安装ntpdate yum install -y ntpdate

　　配置时间同步服务器

ntpdate ntp1.aliyun.com

ntp1.aliyun.com为时间同步服务器地址，百度可以查到可用服务器

• 安装ssh

　　检查是否已经默认安装SSHClient和SSH Server

rpm -qa | grep ssh

　　出现如下结果表示已经安装

aaarticlea/png;base64,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" alt="" />

　　如未安装，使用如下命令安装

yum install openssh-clients
yum install openssh-server

　　测试ssh是否可用

ssh localhost

　　　　测试之后就是通过ssh登陆了本机，输入 exit 退回到普通终端登陆。

• 安装rsync

yum -y install rsync

• 安装dbus

yum -y install dbus

5）将容器制作成镜像

宿主机打开新终端，注意打包镜像操作都是在宿主机内做的，（即你安装Docker的那台机器）。

• 查看容器id

在宿主机内查看刚刚使用的容器ID

docker ps

• 打包

docker commit -m "centos7 with hadoop" c0905da23733 centos7/hadoop

命令说明：

docker commit [OPTIONS] 容器ID [镜像[:版本标签]]
　　-m 提交说明

　　centos7/hadoop 镜像名称，如果不叫版本标签，默认为latest

• 查看打包结果 docker images

• 提交镜像

完成上述后已经交将容器打包为本地镜像，下面将本地镜像提交到远程仓库，这里上传到阿里云的镜像仓库，需要事先注册阿里云账号。

阿里云创建仓库https://cr.console.aliyun.com/

仓库创建成功后打开仓库可以看到操作指南，在宿主机终端按照指南进行后续操作

终端登陆

docker login --username=魔女小豚 registry.cn-beijing.aliyuncs.com

推送

$ sudo docker login --username=魔女小豚 registry.cn-beijing.aliyuncs.com
$ sudo docker tag [ImageId] registry.cn-beijing.aliyuncs.com/jing-studio/centos7-hadoop:[镜像版本号]
$ sudo docker push registry.cn-beijing.aliyuncs.com/jing-studio/centos7-hadoop:[镜像版本号]

根据实际镜像信息替换示例中的[ImageId]和[镜像版本号]参数。

三、Hadoop集群配置

1、从registry中拉取镜像

$ sudo docker pull registry.cn-beijing.aliyuncs.com/jing-studio/centos7-hadoop

2、启动镜像

按照下述方式，根据需要的节点数启动相应数量的容器（注意为每个容器指定不同的容器名和主机名），这里启动3个容器作为示例

$ docker run -d --name hadoop0 -h hadoop0 -p 50070:50070 --privileged=true registry.cn-beijing.aliyuncs.com/jing-studio/centos7-hadoop /usr/sbin/init

其中，-d指定容器启动的终端在后台执行（在需要使用的容器终端的时候再显示进入容器，如3-3所述），--name hadoop0 指定容器名称，-h hadoop0 指定容器的主机名（这里千万注意，主机名不要包含下划线，对，就是它"_"，不要包含下划线、不要包含下划线！！！否则不能启动集群。当初因为这问题采坑好久，都是泪），--privileged=true 指定容器获得全部权限， registry.cn-……指定镜像， /usr/sbin/init指定运行终端

需要开放的端口：namenode开放50070，9000，sourcemanager开放8088

检查容器是否启动 $ docker ps

3、进入容器，查看容器ip

$ docker exec -it hadoop0 /bin/bash

其中，-it表明显式打开容器终端，

查看全部容器ip

$ ip addr

建议使用3-2启动镜像以及3-3进入容器的方式运行，在开始搭建的时候各种采坑，才找到这种合适的方式，在容器使用过程中不会出现系统服务无法启动的情况。

4、配置主机映射

$ vi /etc/hosts

将每个容器的Ip地址和主机名添加到hosts文件中

注意集群中每个节点都需要配置上述主机映射。

5、为各个集群节点配置彼此间的ssh免密登陆

• 生成本机公钥私钥

cd ~/.ssh/　　　　　　　　　　#若没有~/.ssh/目录，先执行一次ssh localhost
ssh-keygen -t rsa 　　　　　# 会有提示，都按回车就可以，产生公钥私钥

在~/.ssh目录下生成密钥文件，id_dsa: 为私钥；id_dsa.pub: 为公钥

• 彼此发送密钥

ssh-copy-id ha_slave1

注意要在每个集群节点上生成密钥、并为其他全部集群节点发送密钥，即在master上执行一次生成密钥，然后执行两次发送密钥，分别发送给slave1 、slave2；然后再在slave1上生成密钥发送密钥给其他节点，再在slave2上再次执行。

5.1 关闭防火墙

service iptables stop

---

完成上述准备工作后对hadoop集群进行配置，在配置之前，考虑集群中节点规划，即，哪些节点作为HDFS的namenode、datanode、secnamenode，哪些节点作为yarn的sourcemanager、nodemanager。本文示例集群规划如下：

	hdfs	yarn
master	namenoder + datanode	nodemanager
slave1	datanode	sourcemanager + nodemanger
slave2	secnamenode + datanode	nodemanger

---

6、选择一个节点，进入节点，进行HDFS配置（注意进入到hadoop安装目录，在我的镜像里是 /usr/local/hadoop ）

• 配置core-site.xml文件，指定HDFS主节点

vi etc/hadoop/core-site.xml

　　添加配置内容

<configuration>
    <property>
        <name>fs.defaultFS</name>
        <value>hdfs://had0:9000</value>
    </property>
    <property>
        <name>hadoop.tmp.dir</name>
        <value>/home/data/hadoopdata</value>
    </property>

</configuration>

指定hdfs主节点，并指定临时文件目录，存储hadoop运行过程中产生的文件的目录(注意一定配置在有权限的目录下)

• 配置hdfs-site.xml

vi etc/hadoop/hdfs-site.xml

添加内容

<configuration>
    <property>
        <name>dfs.namenode.name.dir</name>
        <value>/home/data/hadoopdata/name</value>
    </property>
　　<!--配置存储namenode数据的目录-->
　　<property>
        <name>dfs.datanode.data.dir</name>
        <value>/home/data/hadoopdata/data</value>
    </property>
　　<!--配置存储datanode数据的目录-->
　　<property>
        <name>dfs.replication</name>
        <value></value>
    </property>
　　<!--配置部分数量-->
　　<property>
　　　　<name>dfs.secondary.http.address</name>
　　　　<value>had2:</value>
　　</property>
　　<!--配置第二名称节点 -->

</configuration>

7、YARN配置（依然在上述选择的节点进行配置）

• 配置yarn-site.xml

vi etc/hadoop/yarn-site.xml

添加内容

<configuration>
<!-- Site specific YARN configuration properties -->
    <property>
        <name>yarn.resourcemanager.hostname</name>
        <value>slave1</value>
    </property>
    <!--配置yarn主节点-->

    <property>
        <name>yarn.nodemanager.aux-services</name>
        <value>mapreduce_shuffle</value>
    </property>
    <!--配置执行的计算框架-->

</configuration>

• 配置mapred-site.xml

复制自带的临时文件，并对文件进行编辑

cp etc/hadoop/mapred-site.xml.template etc/hadoop/mapred-site.xml
vi etc/hadoop/mapred-site.xml

添加内容

<configuration>
    <property>
        <name>mapreduce.framework.name</name>
        <value>yarn</value>
    </property>
　　<!--配置mapreduce任务所在的资源调度平台-->
</configuration>

• 配置slaves

vi etc/hadoop/slaves

添加内容

master
slave1
slave2

8、将HDFS和YARN配置发送到全部节点

需要给集群中全部节点进行3-5、3-6的配置操作，在一个节点上配置完成后，通过远程发送配置文件，对其他节点进行配置。上述配置文件都在"hadoop安装目录/etc”下，方便起见，通过将etc文件夹发送到其他节点容器来完成配置。注意，此操作也要在hadoop安装目录下执行；通过此操作要把配置文件发送到所有集群节点上。

scp -r etc ha_slave1:/usr/local/hadoop/

四、启动HDFS

• 初始化NameNode的元数据目录，格式化文件系统

此操作在namenode节点上初始化一个全新的namenode的元数据存储目录（为hdfs-site.xml中配置的namenode数据的目录），生成记录元数据的文件fsimage，生成集群的相关标识，必须在HDFS的NameNode节点执行操作。

hadoop namenode -format

上图表示格式化成功

• 启动HDFS，可以在任意节点启动

start-dfs.sh

• 验证启动结果（可以在每个节点上都进行验证）

jps

可以看到当前节点上已经启动了DataNode和NameNode（节点上启动哪些进程取决于集群规划）

补充：关于HDFS的格式化，如果格式化成功，则只能格式化一次，如果HDFS启动后需要重新格式化，格式化的步骤：

1）删除namenode数据目录、datanode数据目录（在配置文件中指定的路径）

2）重新格式化

datanode 的想过数据信息在启动hdfs的时候生成，两个文件（version）中的cluster ID相同时候才认为节点属于同一集群，datanode才能受namenode管理，如果没有删除目录就去进行格式化，会造成节点不属于同一集群的问题。

五、启动YARN

• 必须在SourceManager上启动

start-yarn.sh

• 验证结果

jps

由于前面启动了HDFS，所以此时节点上可以看到hdfs和yarn的进程。

至此，使用Docker进行hadoop完全分布式搭建的工作完成。

datanode可以在线扩容，只需要把一个datanode的namenode配置成当前使用的namenode，然后启动。如果想删除datanode，则需要重新格式化namenode节点。