Python3链接MySQL数据库

Python 2.x 上连接MySQL的库倒是不少的，其中比较著名就是MySQLdb（Django项目都使用它；我也在开发测试系统时也使用过），见：http://sourceforge.net/projects/mysql-python/

不过，目前MySQLdb并不支持python3.x，网上找了一些方法，后来我还是偶然发现MySQL官方已经提供了MySQL连接器，而且已经有支持Python3.x的版本了。MySQL Connector/Python, a self-contained Python driver for communicating with MySQL servers. 这个用起来还是感觉比较顺手的。
关于MySQL Connector/Python的各种介绍、安装、API等文档，还是参考官网吧：http://dev.mysql.com/doc/connector-python/en/index.html
（注意：安装程序将关于MySQL Connnector的python2的源文件复制到了python3库的位置（运行时会报语法错误），我就直接手动复制了其中python3/目录下的文件过去就解决。）

另外，Python3.x连接MySQL的其他方案有：oursql, PyMySQL, myconnpy 等，参考如下链接：

http://packages.python.org/oursql/

https://github.com/petehunt/PyMySQL/

https://launchpad.net/myconnpy

下面只是贴一个试用 MySQL Connector/Python 的Python脚本吧（包括创建表、插入数据、从文件读取并插入数据、查询数据等）：

 PYTHON

 

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#!/usr/bin/python3 # a sample to use mysql-connector for python3 # see details from http://dev.mysql.com/doc/connector-python/en/index.html   import mysql.connector import sys, os   user = 'root' pwd = '123456' host = '127.0.0.1' db = 'test'   data_file = 'mysql-test.dat'   create_table_sql = "CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS mytable ( \ id int(10) AUTO_INCREMENT PRIMARY KEY, \ name varchar(20), age int(4) ) \ CHARACTER SET utf8"   insert_sql = "INSERT INTO mytable(name, age) VALUES ('Jay', 22 ), ('杰', 26)" select_sql = "SELECT id, name, age FROM mytable"   cnx = mysql.connector.connect(user=user, password=pwd, host=host, database=db) cursor = cnx.cursor()   try: cursor.execute(create_table_sql) except mysql.connector.Error as err: print("create table 'mytable' failed.") print("Error: {}".format(err.msg)) sys.exit()   try: cursor.execute(insert_sql) except mysql.connector.Error as err: print("insert table 'mytable' failed.") print("Error: {}".format(err.msg)) sys.exit()   if os.path.exists(data_file): myfile = open(data_file) lines = myfile.readlines() myfile.close()   for line in lines: myset = line.split() sql = "INSERT INTO mytable (name, age) VALUES ('{}', {})".format(myset[0], myset[1]) try: cursor.execute(sql) except mysql.connector.Error as err: print("insert table 'mytable' from file 'mysql-test.dat' -- failed.") print("Error: {}".format(err.msg)) sys.exit()   try: cursor.execute(select_sql) for (id, name, age) in cursor: print("ID:{} Name:{} Age:{}".format(id, name, age)) except mysql.connector.Error as err: print("query table 'mytable' failed.") print("Error: {}".format(err.msg)) sys.exit()   cnx.commit() cursor.close() cnx.close()

另外，最后再贴一个使用MySQLdb的python2.x代码示例吧：

 PYTHON

 

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#!/usr/bin/python2.7 # coding=utf-8   import MySQLdb import sys   host = 'localhost' user = 'root' pwd = '123456' # to be modified. db = 'test'     if __name__ == '__main__': conn = MySQLdb.connect(host, user, pwd, db, charset='utf8'); try: conn.ping() except: print 'failed to connect MySQL.' sql = 'select * from mytable where id = 2' cur = conn.cursor() cur.execute(sql) row = cur.fetchone() # print type(row) for i in row: print i cur.close() conn.close() sys.exit()