Requests+Excel接口自动化测试（Python）

一、框架结构：

 工程目录

二、Case文件设计

三、基础包 base

3.1 封装get/post请求（runmethon.py）

 import requests
 import json
 class RunMethod:
     def post_main(self,url,data,header=None):
         res = None
         if header !=None:
             res = requests.post(url=url,data=data,headers=header)
         else:
             res = requests.post(url=url,data=data)
         return res.json()

     def get_main(self,url,data=None,header=None):
         res = None
         if header !=None:
             res = requests.get(url=url,data=data,headers=header,verify=False)
         else:
             res = requests.get(url=url,data=data,verify=False)
         return res.json()

     def run_main(self,method,url,data=None,header=None):
         res = None
         if method == 'Post':
            res = self.post_main(url,data,header)
         else:
             res = self.get_main(url,data,header)
         return json.dumps(res,ensure_ascii=False,sort_keys=True,indent=2) 

3.2 封装mock（mock.py）

from mock import mock
#模拟mock 封装
def mock_test(mock_method,request_data,url,method,response_data):
     mock_method = mock.Mock(return_value=response_data)
     res = mock_method(url,method,request_data)
     return res

四、数据操作包 operation_data

4.1 获取excel单元格中的内容（get_data.py）

# coding:utf-8
from tool.operation_excel import OperationExcel
import data_config
from tool.operation_json import OperetionJson
from tool.connect_db import OperationMysql

class GetData:
    def __init__(self):
        self.opera_excel = OperationExcel()

    # 去获取excel行数,就是case的个数
    def get_case_lines(self):
        return self.opera_excel.get_lines()

    # 获取是否执行
    def get_is_run(self, row):
        flag = None
        col = int(data_config.get_run())
        run_model = self.opera_excel.get_cell_value(row, col)
        if run_model == 'yes':
            flag = True
        else:
            flag = False
        return flag

    # 是否携带header

    def is_header(self, row):
        col = int(data_config.get_header())
        header = self.opera_excel.get_cell_value(row, col)
        if header != '':
            return header
        else:
            return None

    # 获取请求方式

    def get_request_method(self, row):
        col = int(data_config.get_run_way())
        request_method = self.opera_excel.get_cell_value(row, col)
        return request_method

    # 获取url

    def get_request_url(self, row):
        col = int(data_config.get_url())
        url = self.opera_excel.get_cell_value(row, col)
        return url

    # 获取请求数据
    def get_request_data(self, row):
        col = int(data_config.get_data())
        data = self.opera_excel.get_cell_value(row, col)
        if data == '':
            return None
        return data

    # 通过获取关键字拿到data数据
    def get_data_for_json(self, row):
        opera_json = OperetionJson()
        request_data = opera_json.get_data(self.get_request_data(row))
        return request_data

    # 获取预期结果

    def get_expcet_data(self, row):
        col = int(data_config.get_expect())
        expect = self.opera_excel.get_cell_value(row, col)
        if expect == '':
            return None
        return expect

    # 通过sql获取预期结果
    def get_expcet_data_for_mysql(self, row):
        op_mysql = OperationMysql()
        sql = self.get_expcet_data(row)
        res = op_mysql.search_one(sql)
        return res.decode('unicode-escape')

    def write_result(self, row, value):
        col = int(data_config.get_result())
        self.opera_excel.write_value(row, col, value)

    # 获取依赖数据的key
    def get_depend_key(self, row):
        col = int(data_config.get_data_depend())
        depent_key = self.opera_excel.get_cell_value(row, col)
        if depent_key == "":
            return None
        else:
            return depent_key

    # 判断是否有case依赖

    def is_depend(self, row):
        col = int(data_config.get_case_depend())
        depend_case_id = self.opera_excel.get_cell_value(row, col)
        if depend_case_id == "":
            return None
        else:
            return depend_case_id

    # 获取数据依赖字段

    def get_depend_field(self, row):
        col = int(data_config.get_field_depend())
        data = self.opera_excel.get_cell_value(row, col)
        if data == "":
            return None
        else:
            return data

4.2 获取excel中每个列（data_config.py）

# coding:utf-8
class global_var:
    # case_id
    Id = ''
    request_name = ''
    url = ''
    run = ''
    request_way = ''
    header = ''
    case_depend = ''
    data_depend = ''
    field_depend = ''
    data = ''
    expect = ''
    result = ''
# 获取caseid
def get_id():
    return global_var.Id

# 获取url
def get_url():
    return global_var.url

def get_run():
    return global_var.run

def get_run_way():
    return global_var.request_way

def get_header():
    return global_var.header

def get_case_depend():
    return global_var.case_depend

def get_data_depend():
    return global_var.data_depend

def get_field_depend():
    return global_var.field_depend

def get_data():
    return global_var.data

def get_expect():
    return global_var.expect

def get_result():
    return global_var.result

def get_header_value():
    return global_var.header

4.3 解决数据依赖（dependent.py ）

# coding:utf-8
import sys
import json

sys.path.append('C:/Users/lxz/Desktop/InterFace_JIA')
from tool.operation_excel import OperationExcel
from base.runmethod import RunMethod
from operation_data.get_data import GetData
from jsonpath_rw import jsonpath, parse

class DependdentData:
    def __init__(self, case_id):
        self.case_id = case_id
        self.opera_excel = OperationExcel()
        self.data = GetData()

    # 通过case_id去获取该case_id的整行数据
    def get_case_line_data(self):
        rows_data = self.opera_excel.get_rows_data(self.case_id)
        return rows_data

    # 执行依赖测试，获取结果
    def run_dependent(self):
        run_method = RunMethod()
        row_num = self.opera_excel.get_row_num(self.case_id)
        request_data = self.data.get_data_for_json(row_num)
        # header = self.data.is_header(row_num)
        method = self.data.get_request_method(row_num)
        url = self.data.get_request_url(row_num)
        res = run_method.run_main(method, url, request_data)
        return json.loads(res)

    # 根据依赖的key去获取执行依赖测试case的响应,然后返回
    def get_data_for_key(self, row):
        depend_data = self.data.get_depend_key(row)
        response_data = self.run_dependent()
        json_exe = parse(depend_data)
        madle = json_exe.find(response_data)
        return [math.value for math in madle][0]

if __name__ == '__main__':
    order = {
        "data": {
            "_input_charset": "utf-8",
            "body": "京东订单-1710141907182334",
            "it_b_pay": "1d",
            "notify_url": "http://order.imooc.com/pay/notifyalipay",
            "out_trade_no": "",
            "partner": "",
            "payment_type": "",
            "seller_id": "yangyan01@tcl.com",
            "service": "mobile.securitypay.pay",
            "sign": "kZBV53KuiUf5HIrVLBCcBpWDg%2FnzO%2BtyEnBqgVYwwBtDU66Xk8VQUTbVOqDjrNymCupkVhlI%2BkFZq1jOr8C554KsZ7Gk7orC9dDbQlpr % 2BaMmdjO30JBgjqjj4mmM % 2Flphy9Xwr0Xrv46uSkDKdlQqLDdGAOP7YwOM2dSLyUQX % 2Bo4 % 3D",
            "sign_type": "RSA",
            "string": "_input_charset=utf-8&body=京东订单-1710141907182334&it_b_pay=1d&notify_url=http://order.imooc.com/pay/notifyalipay & out_trade_no = 1710141907182334 & partner = 2088002966755334 & payment_type = 1 & seller_id = yangyan01 @tcl.com & service = mobile.securitypay.pay & subject = 京东订单 - 1710141907182334 & total_fee = 299 & sign = kZBV53KuiUf5HIrVLBCcBpWDg % 2FnzO % 2BtyEnBqgVYwwBtDU66Xk8VQUTbVOqDjrNymCupkVhlI % 2BkFZq1jOr8C554KsZ7Gk7orC9dDbQlpr % 2BaMmdjO30JBgjqjj4mmM % 2Flphy9Xwr0Xrv46uSkDKdlQqLDdGAOP7YwOM2dSLyUQX % 2Bo4 % 3D &sign_type = RSA",
            "subject": "京东订单-1710141907182334",
            "total_fee": 299
        },
        "errorCode": 1000,
        "errorDesc": "成功",
        "status": 1,
        "timestamp": 1507979239100
    }
    res = "data.out_trade_no"
    json_exe = parse(res)
    madle = json_exe.find(order)
    print[math.value for math in madle][0]

五、工具类包 tool

5.1 操作excel (operation_excel.py)

#coding:utf-8
import xlrd
from xlutils.copy import copy
class OperationExcel:
    def __init__(self,file_name=None,sheet_id=None):
        if file_name:
            self.file_name = file_name
            self.sheet_id = sheet_id
        else:
            self.file_name = '../dataconfig/case1.xls'
            self.sheet_id = 0
        self.data = self.get_data()

    #获取sheets的内容
    def get_data(self):
        data = xlrd.open_workbook(self.file_name)
        tables = data.sheets()[self.sheet_id]
        return tables

    #获取单元格的行数
    def get_lines(self):
        tables = self.data
        return tables.nrows

    #获取某一个单元格的内容
    def get_cell_value(self,row,col):
        return self.data.cell_value(row,col)

    #写入数据
    def write_value(self,row,col,value):
        '''
        写入excel数据
        row,col,value
        '''
        read_data = xlrd.open_workbook(self.file_name)
        write_data = copy(read_data)
        sheet_data = write_data.get_sheet(0)
        sheet_data.write(row,col,value)
        write_data.save(self.file_name)

    #根据对应的caseid 找到对应行的内容
    def get_rows_data(self,case_id):
        row_num = self.get_row_num(case_id)
        rows_data = self.get_row_values(row_num)
        return rows_data

    #根据对应的caseid找到对应的行号
    def get_row_num(self,case_id):
        num = 0
        clols_data = self.get_cols_data()
        for col_data in clols_data:
            if case_id in col_data:
                return num
            num = num+1

    #根据行号，找到该行的内容
    def get_row_values(self,row):
        tables = self.data
        row_data = tables.row_values(row)
        return row_data

    #获取某一列的内容
    def get_cols_data(self,col_id=None):
       if col_id != None:
            cols = self.data.col_values(col_id)
        else:
            cols = self.data.col_values(0)
        return cols

if __name__ == '__main__':
    opers = OperationExcel()
    print(opers.get_cell_value(1,2))

5.2判断字符串包含，判断字典是否相等（common_util.py）

# coding:utf-8
import json

class CommonUtil:
    def is_contain(self, str_one, str_two):
        '''
        判断一个字符串是否再另外一个字符串中
        str_one:查找的字符串
        str_two：被查找的字符串
        '''
        flag = None
        if isinstance(str_one, unicode):
            str_one = str_one.encode('unicode-escape').decode('string_escape')
            return cmp(str_one, str_two)
        if str_one in str_two:
            flag = True
        else:
            flag = False
        return flag

    def is_equal_dict(self, dict_one, dict_two):
        '''
       判断两个字典是否相等
       '''
        if isinstance(dict_one, str):
            dict_one = json.loads(dict_one)
        if isinstance(dict_two, str):
            dict_two = json.loads(dict_two)
        return cmp(dict_one, dict_two)

5.3 操作header（operation_herder.py）

# coding:utf-8
import requests
import json
from operation_json import OperetionJson

class OperationHeader:
    def __init__(self, response):
        self.response = json.loads(response)

    def get_response_url(self):
        '''
        获取登录返回的token的url
        '''
        url = self.response['data']['url'][0]
        return url

    def get_cookie(self):
        '''
        获取cookie的jar文件
        '''
        url = self.get_response_url() + "&callback=jQuery21008240514814031887_1508666806688&_=1508666806689"
        cookie = requests.get(url).cookies
        return cookie

    def write_cookie(self):
        cookie = requests.utils.dict_from_cookiejar(self.get_cookie())
        op_json = OperetionJson()
        op_json.write_data(cookie)

if __name__ == '__main__':
    url = "http://www.jd.com/passport/user/login"
    data = {
        "username": "",
        "password": "",
        "verify": "",
        "referer": "https://www.jd.com"
    }
    res = json.dumps(requests.post(url, data).json())
    op_header = OperationHeader(res)
    op_header.write_cookie()

5.4 操作json文件（operation_json.py）

# coding:utf-8
import json

class OperetionJson:
    def __init__(self, file_path=None):
        if file_path == None:
            self.file_path = '../dataconfig/user.json'
        else:
            self.file_path = file_path
        self.data = self.read_data()

    # 读取json文件
    def read_data(self):
        with open(self.file_path) as fp:
            data = json.load(fp)
            return data

    # 根据关键字获取数据
    def get_data(self, id):
        print
        type(self.data)
        return self.data[id]

    # 写json
    def write_data(self, data):
        with open('../dataconfig/cookie.json', 'w') as fp:
            fp.write(json.dumps(data))

if __name__ == '__main__':
    opjson = OperetionJson()
    print(opjson.get_data('shop'))

5.5 操作数据库（connect_db.py）

# coding:utf-8
import MySQLdb.cursors
import json

class OperationMysql:
    def __init__(self):
        self.conn = MySQLdb.connect(
            host='localhost',
            port=3306,
            user='root',
            passwd='',
            db='le_study',
            charset='utf8',
            cursorclass=MySQLdb.cursors.DictCursor
        )
        self.cur = self.conn.cursor()

    # 查询一条数据
    def search_one(self, sql):
        self.cur.execute(sql)
        result = self.cur.fetchone()
        result = json.dumps(result)
        return result

if __name__ == '__main__':
    op_mysql = OperationMysql()
    res = op_mysql.search_one("select * from web_user where Name='ailiailan'")
    print(res)

5.6 发送报告邮件（send_email.py）

# coding:utf-8
import smtplib
from email.mime.text import MIMEText

class SendEmail:
    global send_user
    global email_host
    global password
    email_host = "smtp.163.com"
    send_user = "jiaxiaonan666@163.com"
    password = "jia_668"

    def send_mail(self, user_list, sub, content):
        user = "jiaxiaonan" + "<" + send_user + ">"
        message = MIMEText(content, _subtype='plain', _charset='utf-8')
        message['Subject'] = sub
        message['From'] = user
        message['To'] = ";".join(user_list)
        server = smtplib.SMTP()
        server.connect(email_host)
        server.login(send_user, password)
        server.sendmail(user, user_list, message.as_string())
        server.close()

    def send_main(self, pass_list, fail_list):
        pass_num = float(len(pass_list))
        fail_num = float(len(fail_list))
        count_num = pass_num + fail_num
        # 90%
        pass_result = "%.2f%%" % (pass_num / count_num * 100)
        fail_result = "%.2f%%" % (fail_num / count_num * 100)

        user_list = ['609037724@qq.com']
        sub = "接口自动化测试报告"
        content = "此次一共运行接口个数为%s个，通过个数为%s个，失败个数为%s,通过率为%s,失败率为%s" % (
        count_num, pass_num, fail_num, pass_result, fail_result)
        self.send_mail(user_list, sub, content)

if __name__ == '__main__':
    sen = SendEmail()
    sen.send_main([1, 2, 3, 4], [2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7])

六、主函数

run_test.py

# coding:utf-8
import sys

sys.path.append("C:/Users/lxz/Desktop/InterFace_JIA")
from base.runmethod import RunMethod
from operation_data.get_data import GetData
from tool.common_util import CommonUtil
from operation_data.dependent_data import DependdentData
from tool.send_email import SendEmail
from tool.operation_header import OperationHeader
from tool.operation_json import OperetionJson

class RunTest:
    def __init__(self):
        self.run_method = RunMethod()
        self.data = GetData()
        self.com_util = CommonUtil()
        self.send_mai = SendEmail()

    # 程序执行的
    def go_on_run(self):
        res = None
        pass_count = []
        fail_count = []
        # 10  0,1,2,3
        rows_count = self.data.get_case_lines()
        for i in range(1, rows_count):
            is_run = self.data.get_is_run(i)
            if is_run:
                url = self.data.get_request_url(i)
                method = self.data.get_request_method(i)
                request_data = self.data.get_data_for_json(i)
                expect = self.data.get_expcet_data_for_mysql(i)
                header = self.data.is_header(i)
                depend_case = self.data.is_depend(i)
                if depend_case != None:
                    self.depend_data = DependdentData(depend_case)
                    # 获取的依赖响应数据
                    depend_response_data = self.depend_data.get_data_for_key(i)
                    # 获取依赖的key
                    depend_key = self.data.get_depend_field(i)
                    request_data[depend_key] = depend_response_data
                if header == 'write':
                    res = self.run_method.run_main(method, url, request_data)
                    op_header = OperationHeader(res)
                    op_header.write_cookie()

                elif header == 'yes':
                    op_json = OperetionJson('../dataconfig/cookie.json')
                    cookie = op_json.get_data('apsid')
                    cookies = {
                        'apsid': cookie
                    }
                    res = self.run_method.run_main(method, url, request_data, cookies)
                else:
                    res = self.run_method.run_main(method, url, request_data)

                if self.com_util.is_equal_dict(expect, res) == 0:
                    self.data.write_result(i, 'pass')
                    pass_count.append(i)
                else:
                    self.data.write_result(i, res)
                    fail_count.append(i)
        self.send_mai.send_main(pass_count, fail_count)

    # 将执行判断封装
    # def get_cookie_run(self,header):

if __name__ == '__main__':
    run = RunTest()
    run.go_on_run()