解决：CentOS下的 error while loading shared libraries: libmysqlclient.so.16: cannot open shared object file: No such file or dir

进入别人的centos，输入命令 mysql mysqladm都会报错，缺少这个共享库 libmysqlclient.so.16 。

查找下，一般都是ldconfig 没有找到共享库的位置，或者 软链接的问题，但是 都是不治本的解决方案。

查找 此文件 相关的文件：

updatedb

locate libmysqlclient.so

出现 在/usr/lib64/mysql/libmysqlclient.so

但是

ll /usr/lib64/mysql/libmysqlclient.so
lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 24 11月 20 17:02 /usr/lib64/mysql/libmysqlclient.so -> libmysqlclient.so.16.0.0

这个是一个软链接而已，原本的libmysqlclient.so.16.0.0却找不到。

查看当前系统安装的mysql的软件

rpm -qa|grep mysql
mysql-server-5.1.69-1.el6_4.x86_64
mysql-libs-5.1.69-1.el6_4.x86_64
mysql-devel-5.1.69-1.el6_4.x86_64
mysql-5.1.69-1.el6_4.x86_64

yum search mysql

yum search mysql
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, security
Determining fastest mirrors
 * base: mirrors.yun-idc.com
 * extras: mirror01.idc.hinet.net
 * updates: mirrors.yun-idc.com
=================================== N/S Matched: mysql ===================================
MySQL-python.x86_64 : An interface to MySQL
apr-util-mysql.x86_64 : APR utility library MySQL DBD driver
bacula-director-mysql.x86_64 : Bacula Director with MySQL database support
bacula-storage-mysql.x86_64 : MySQL Bacula storage daemon files
dovecot-mysql.x86_64 : MySQL back end for dovecot
freeradius-mysql.x86_64 : MySQL support for freeradius
libdbi-dbd-mysql.x86_64 : MySQL plugin for libdbi
mod_auth_mysql.x86_64 : Basic authentication for the Apache web server using a MySQL
                      : database
mysql.x86_64 : MySQL client programs and shared libraries
mysql-bench.x86_64 : MySQL benchmark scripts and data
mysql-connector-java.noarch : Official JDBC driver for MySQL
mysql-connector-odbc.x86_64 : ODBC driver for MySQL
mysql-devel.i686 : Files for development of MySQL applications
mysql-devel.x86_64 : Files for development of MySQL applications
mysql-embedded.i686 : MySQL as an embeddable library
mysql-embedded.x86_64 : MySQL as an embeddable library
mysql-embedded-devel.i686 : Development files for MySQL as an embeddable library
mysql-embedded-devel.x86_64 : Development files for MySQL as an embeddable library
mysql-libs.i686 : The shared libraries required for MySQL clients
mysql-libs.x86_64 : The shared libraries required for MySQL clients
mysql-server.x86_64 : The MySQL server and related files
mysql-test.x86_64 : The test suite distributed with MySQL
perl-DBD-MySQL.x86_64 : A MySQL interface for perl
php-mysql.x86_64 : A module for PHP applications that use MySQL databases
qt-mysql.i686 : MySQL driver for Qt's SQL classes
qt-mysql.x86_64 : MySQL driver for Qt's SQL classes
qt3-MySQL.i686 : MySQL drivers for Qt 3's SQL classes
qt3-MySQL.x86_64 : MySQL drivers for Qt 3's SQL classes
rsyslog-mysql.x86_64 : MySQL support for rsyslog

  Name and summary matches only, use "search all" for everything.

　　只有那么几个是重要的。

但是 我查询 libmysqlclient.so 究竟是哪个包所带的呢？

rpm -ql mysql-server

/etc/rc.d/init.d/mysqld
/usr/bin/innochecksum
/usr/bin/myisam_ftdump
/usr/bin/myisamchk
/usr/bin/myisamlog
/usr/bin/myisampack
/usr/bin/mysql_convert_table_format
/usr/bin/mysql_fix_extensions
/usr/bin/mysql_fix_privilege_tables
/usr/bin/mysql_install_db
/usr/bin/mysql_secure_installation
/usr/bin/mysql_setpermission
/usr/bin/mysql_tzinfo_to_sql
/usr/bin/mysql_upgrade
/usr/bin/mysql_zap
/usr/bin/mysqlbug
/usr/bin/mysqld_multi
/usr/bin/mysqld_safe
/usr/bin/mysqldumpslow
/usr/bin/mysqlhotcopy
/usr/bin/mysqltest
/usr/bin/perror
/usr/bin/replace
/usr/bin/resolve_stack_dump
/usr/bin/resolveip
/usr/lib64/mysql/plugin
/usr/lib64/mysql/plugin/ha_archive.so
/usr/lib64/mysql/plugin/ha_archive.so.0
/usr/lib64/mysql/plugin/ha_archive.so.0.0.0
/usr/lib64/mysql/plugin/ha_blackhole.so
/usr/lib64/mysql/plugin/ha_blackhole.so.0
/usr/lib64/mysql/plugin/ha_blackhole.so.0.0.0
/usr/lib64/mysql/plugin/ha_example.so
/usr/lib64/mysql/plugin/ha_example.so.0
/usr/lib64/mysql/plugin/ha_example.so.0.0.0
/usr/lib64/mysql/plugin/ha_federated.so
/usr/lib64/mysql/plugin/ha_federated.so.0
/usr/lib64/mysql/plugin/ha_federated.so.0.0.0
/usr/lib64/mysql/plugin/ha_innodb_plugin.so
/usr/lib64/mysql/plugin/ha_innodb_plugin.so.0
/usr/lib64/mysql/plugin/ha_innodb_plugin.so.0.0.0
/usr/libexec/mysqld
/usr/libexec/mysqlmanager
/usr/share/doc/mysql-server-5.1.69
/usr/share/doc/mysql-server-5.1.69/my-huge.cnf
/usr/share/doc/mysql-server-5.1.69/my-innodb-heavy-4G.cnf
/usr/share/doc/mysql-server-5.1.69/my-large.cnf
/usr/share/doc/mysql-server-5.1.69/my-medium.cnf
/usr/share/doc/mysql-server-5.1.69/my-small.cnf
/usr/share/man/man1/innochecksum.1.gz
/usr/share/man/man1/msql2mysql.1.gz
/usr/share/man/man1/myisam_ftdump.1.gz
/usr/share/man/man1/myisamchk.1.gz
/usr/share/man/man1/myisamlog.1.gz
/usr/share/man/man1/myisampack.1.gz
/usr/share/man/man1/mysql.server.1.gz
/usr/share/man/man1/mysql_convert_table_format.1.gz
/usr/share/man/man1/mysql_fix_extensions.1.gz
/usr/share/man/man1/mysql_fix_privilege_tables.1.gz
/usr/share/man/man1/mysql_install_db.1.gz
/usr/share/man/man1/mysql_secure_installation.1.gz
/usr/share/man/man1/mysql_setpermission.1.gz
/usr/share/man/man1/mysql_tzinfo_to_sql.1.gz
/usr/share/man/man1/mysql_upgrade.1.gz
/usr/share/man/man1/mysql_zap.1.gz
/usr/share/man/man1/mysqlbinlog.1.gz
/usr/share/man/man1/mysqlbug.1.gz
/usr/share/man/man1/mysqlcheck.1.gz
/usr/share/man/man1/mysqld_multi.1.gz
/usr/share/man/man1/mysqld_safe.1.gz
/usr/share/man/man1/mysqldumpslow.1.gz
/usr/share/man/man1/mysqlhotcopy.1.gz
/usr/share/man/man1/mysqlimport.1.gz
/usr/share/man/man1/mysqlman.1.gz
/usr/share/man/man1/mysqltest.1.gz
/usr/share/man/man1/perror.1.gz
/usr/share/man/man1/replace.1.gz
/usr/share/man/man1/resolve_stack_dump.1.gz
/usr/share/man/man1/resolveip.1.gz
/usr/share/man/man8/mysqld.8.gz
/usr/share/man/man8/mysqlmanager.8.gz
/usr/share/mysql/config.huge.ini
/usr/share/mysql/config.medium.ini
/usr/share/mysql/config.small.ini
/usr/share/mysql/errmsg.txt
/usr/share/mysql/fill_help_tables.sql
/usr/share/mysql/my-huge.cnf
/usr/share/mysql/my-innodb-heavy-4G.cnf
/usr/share/mysql/my-large.cnf
/usr/share/mysql/my-medium.cnf
/usr/share/mysql/my-small.cnf
/usr/share/mysql/mysql_fix_privilege_tables.sql
/usr/share/mysql/mysql_system_tables.sql
/usr/share/mysql/mysql_system_tables_data.sql
/usr/share/mysql/mysql_test_data_timezone.sql
/var/lib/mysql
/var/log/mysqld.log
/var/run/mysqld

　　

rpm -ql mysql

/usr/bin/msql2mysql
/usr/bin/my_print_defaults
/usr/bin/mysql
/usr/bin/mysql_config
/usr/bin/mysql_find_rows
/usr/bin/mysql_waitpid
/usr/bin/mysqlaccess
/usr/bin/mysqladmin
/usr/bin/mysqlbinlog
/usr/bin/mysqlcheck
/usr/bin/mysqldump
/usr/bin/mysqlimport
/usr/bin/mysqlshow
/usr/bin/mysqlslap
/usr/lib64/mysql/mysql_config
/usr/lib64/mysql/mysqlbug
/usr/share/doc/mysql-5.1.69
/usr/share/doc/mysql-5.1.69/COPYING
/usr/share/doc/mysql-5.1.69/README
/usr/share/doc/mysql-5.1.69/README.mysql-docs
/usr/share/doc/mysql-5.1.69/README.mysql-license
/usr/share/man/man1/my_print_defaults.1.gz
/usr/share/man/man1/mysql.1.gz
/usr/share/man/man1/mysql_config.1.gz
/usr/share/man/man1/mysql_find_rows.1.gz
/usr/share/man/man1/mysql_waitpid.1.gz
/usr/share/man/man1/mysqlaccess.1.gz
/usr/share/man/man1/mysqladmin.1.gz
/usr/share/man/man1/mysqldump.1.gz
/usr/share/man/man1/mysqlshow.1.gz
/usr/share/man/man1/mysqlslap.1.gz

还是没有继续找：

rpm -ql mysql-devel

/usr/include/mysql
/usr/include/mysql/decimal.h
/usr/include/mysql/errmsg.h
/usr/include/mysql/keycache.h
/usr/include/mysql/m_ctype.h
/usr/include/mysql/m_string.h
/usr/include/mysql/my_alloc.h
/usr/include/mysql/my_attribute.h
/usr/include/mysql/my_compiler.h
/usr/include/mysql/my_config.h
/usr/include/mysql/my_config_x86_64.h
/usr/include/mysql/my_dbug.h
/usr/include/mysql/my_dir.h
/usr/include/mysql/my_getopt.h
/usr/include/mysql/my_global.h
/usr/include/mysql/my_list.h
/usr/include/mysql/my_net.h
/usr/include/mysql/my_no_pthread.h
/usr/include/mysql/my_pthread.h
/usr/include/mysql/my_sys.h
/usr/include/mysql/my_xml.h
/usr/include/mysql/mysql.h
/usr/include/mysql/mysql_com.h
/usr/include/mysql/mysql_embed.h
/usr/include/mysql/mysql_time.h
/usr/include/mysql/mysql_version.h
/usr/include/mysql/mysqld_ername.h
/usr/include/mysql/mysqld_error.h
/usr/include/mysql/plugin.h
/usr/include/mysql/sql_common.h
/usr/include/mysql/sql_state.h
/usr/include/mysql/sslopt-case.h
/usr/include/mysql/sslopt-longopts.h
/usr/include/mysql/sslopt-vars.h
/usr/include/mysql/typelib.h
/usr/lib64/mysql/libmysqlclient.so
/usr/lib64/mysql/libmysqlclient_r.so
/usr/share/aclocal/mysql.m4

不对啊，这个是连接，不是源文件的。

继续找

rpm -ql mysql-libs

/etc/ld.so.conf.d/mysql-x86_64.conf
/etc/my.cnf
/usr/lib64/mysql
/usr/lib64/mysql/libmysqlclient.so.16
/usr/lib64/mysql/libmysqlclient.so.16.0.0
/usr/lib64/mysql/libmysqlclient_r.so.16
/usr/lib64/mysql/libmysqlclient_r.so.16.0.0
/usr/share/doc/mysql-libs-5.1.69
/usr/share/doc/mysql-libs-5.1.69/COPYING
/usr/share/doc/mysql-libs-5.1.69/README.mysql-license
/usr/share/mysql
/usr/share/mysql/charsets
/usr/share/mysql/charsets/Index.xml
/usr/share/mysql/charsets/README
/usr/share/mysql/charsets/armscii8.xml
/usr/share/mysql/charsets/ascii.xml
/usr/share/mysql/charsets/cp1250.xml
/usr/share/mysql/charsets/cp1251.xml
/usr/share/mysql/charsets/cp1256.xml
/usr/share/mysql/charsets/cp1257.xml
/usr/share/mysql/charsets/cp850.xml
/usr/share/mysql/charsets/cp852.xml
/usr/share/mysql/charsets/cp866.xml
/usr/share/mysql/charsets/dec8.xml
/usr/share/mysql/charsets/geostd8.xml
/usr/share/mysql/charsets/greek.xml
/usr/share/mysql/charsets/hebrew.xml
/usr/share/mysql/charsets/hp8.xml
/usr/share/mysql/charsets/keybcs2.xml
/usr/share/mysql/charsets/koi8r.xml
/usr/share/mysql/charsets/koi8u.xml
/usr/share/mysql/charsets/latin1.xml
/usr/share/mysql/charsets/latin2.xml
/usr/share/mysql/charsets/latin5.xml
/usr/share/mysql/charsets/latin7.xml
/usr/share/mysql/charsets/macce.xml
/usr/share/mysql/charsets/macroman.xml
/usr/share/mysql/charsets/swe7.xml
/usr/share/mysql/czech
/usr/share/mysql/czech/errmsg.sys
/usr/share/mysql/danish
/usr/share/mysql/danish/errmsg.sys
/usr/share/mysql/dutch
/usr/share/mysql/dutch/errmsg.sys
/usr/share/mysql/english
/usr/share/mysql/english/errmsg.sys
/usr/share/mysql/estonian
/usr/share/mysql/estonian/errmsg.sys
/usr/share/mysql/french
/usr/share/mysql/french/errmsg.sys
/usr/share/mysql/german
/usr/share/mysql/german/errmsg.sys
/usr/share/mysql/greek
/usr/share/mysql/greek/errmsg.sys
/usr/share/mysql/hungarian
/usr/share/mysql/hungarian/errmsg.sys
/usr/share/mysql/italian
/usr/share/mysql/italian/errmsg.sys
/usr/share/mysql/japanese
/usr/share/mysql/japanese/errmsg.sys
/usr/share/mysql/korean
/usr/share/mysql/korean/errmsg.sys
/usr/share/mysql/norwegian
/usr/share/mysql/norwegian-ny
/usr/share/mysql/norwegian-ny/errmsg.sys
/usr/share/mysql/norwegian/errmsg.sys
/usr/share/mysql/polish
/usr/share/mysql/polish/errmsg.sys
/usr/share/mysql/portuguese
/usr/share/mysql/portuguese/errmsg.sys
/usr/share/mysql/romanian
/usr/share/mysql/romanian/errmsg.sys
/usr/share/mysql/russian
/usr/share/mysql/russian/errmsg.sys
/usr/share/mysql/serbian
/usr/share/mysql/serbian/errmsg.sys
/usr/share/mysql/slovak
/usr/share/mysql/slovak/errmsg.sys
/usr/share/mysql/spanish
/usr/share/mysql/spanish/errmsg.sys
/usr/share/mysql/swedish
/usr/share/mysql/swedish/errmsg.sys
/usr/share/mysql/ukrainian
/usr/share/mysql/ukrainian/errmsg.sys

终于找到了。甚至 my.cnf 和 ld.config 也在这个包里。

yum remove mysql-libs

发现居然要卸载许多依赖，这样不可以啊。

那就

yum reinstall mysql-libs -y

安装好之后，就可以了。。