Python多人聊天室

一.目的

　　以实现小项目的方式，来巩固之前学过的Python基本语法以及相关的知识。

二.相关技术：

1.wxpython GUI编程

2.网络编程

3.多线程编程

4.数据库编程

5.简单的将数据导出到Excel表

三.存在的漏洞以及不足

　　1.由于数据库编码的问题，无法使用中文。

　　2.在客户端关闭后，其相关的线程仍然存在于服务器的用户线程队列中，所以服务器会错误地往已关闭的客户端传送信息。

　　3.客户端初始登录并加载历史记录时，会出现每条历史消息后面的回车键丢失的现象，解决的方法是：在加载相邻两条消息之间加个时间间隔，但效果不佳。

四.源码

服务器Server：

 # -*- coding: UTF-8 -*-

 from socket import *
 import time
 import threading
 import wx
 import MySQLdb
 import xlwt
 from clientthread import ClientThread

 class Server(wx.Frame):
     def __init__(self,parent=None,id=-1,title='服务器',pos=wx.DefaultPosition,size=(500,300)):

         '''窗口'''
         wx.Frame.__init__(self,parent,id,title,pos,size=(400,470))
         pl = wx.Panel(self)
         con = wx.BoxSizer(wx.VERTICAL)
         subcon = wx.FlexGridSizer(wx.HORIZONTAL)
         sta = wx.Button(pl , size=(133, 40),label='启动服务器')
         end = wx.Button(pl, size=(133, 40), label='关闭服务器')
         hist = wx.Button(pl,size=(133,40),label='导出聊天记录')
         subcon.Add(sta, 1, wx.BOTTOM)
         subcon.Add(hist, 1, wx.BOTTOM)
         subcon.Add(end, 1, wx.BOTTOM)
         con.Add(subcon,1,wx.ALIGN_CENTRE|wx.BOTTOM)
         self.Text = wx.TextCtrl(pl, size=(400,250),style = wx.TE_MULTILINE|wx.TE_READONLY)
         con.Add(self.Text, 1, wx.ALIGN_CENTRE)
         self.ttex = wx.TextCtrl(pl, size=(400,100),style=wx.TE_MULTILINE)
         con.Add(self.ttex, 1, wx.ALIGN_CENTRE)
         sub2 = wx.FlexGridSizer(wx.HORIZONTAL)
         clear = wx.Button(pl, size=(200, 40), label='清空')
         send = wx.Button(pl, size=(200, 40), label='发送')
         sub2.Add(clear, 1, wx.TOP | wx.LEFT)
         sub2.Add(send, 1, wx.TOP | wx.RIGHT)
         con.Add(sub2, 1, wx.ALIGN_CENTRE)
         pl.SetSizer(con)
         '''窗口'''

         '''绑定'''
         self.Bind(wx.EVT_BUTTON, self.EditClear, clear)
         self.Bind(wx.EVT_BUTTON, self.SendMessage, send)
         self.Bind(wx.EVT_BUTTON, self.Start, sta)
         self.Bind(wx.EVT_BUTTON, self.Break, end)
         self.Bind(wx.EVT_BUTTON, self.WriteToExcel, hist)
         '''绑定'''

         '''服务器准备工作'''
         self.UserThreadList = []
         self.onServe = False
         addr = ('', 21567)
         self.ServeSock = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM)
         self.ServeSock.bind(addr)
         self.ServeSock.listen(10)
         '''服务器准备工作'''

         '''数据库准备工作，用于存储聊天记录'''
         self.db = MySQLdb.connect('localhost', 'root', '', 'user_info')
         self.cursor = self.db.cursor()
         self.cursor.execute("select * from history order by time")
         self.Text.SetValue('')
         for data in self.cursor.fetchall():   #加载历史聊天记录
             self.Text.AppendText('%s said:\n%s\nwhen %s\n\n' % (data[0], data[2], data[1]))
         '''数据库准备工作，用于存储聊天记录'''

     #将聊天记录导出到EXCEl表中
     def WriteToExcel(self,event):
         wbk = xlwt.Workbook()
         sheet = wbk.add_sheet('sheet 1')
         self.cursor.execute("select * from history order by time")
         sheet.write(0, 0, "User")
         sheet.write(0, 1, "Datetime")
         sheet.write(0, 5, "Message")
         index = 0
         for data in self.cursor.fetchall():
             index = index + 1
             Time = '%s'%data[1] #将datetime转成字符形式，否则直接写入Excel会变成时间戳
             sheet.write(index,0,data[0])
             sheet.write(index,1,Time)    #写进EXCEL会变成时间戳
             sheet.write(index,5,data[2])
         wbk.save(r'D:\History_Dialog.xls')

     #启动服务器的服务线程
     def Start(self,event):
         if not self.onServe:
             '''启动服务线程'''
             self.onServe = True
             mainThread = threading.Thread(target=self.on_serving, args=())
             mainThread.setDaemon(True)  # 解决父线程结束，子线程还继续运行的问题
             mainThread.start()
             '''启动服务线程'''

     #关闭服务器
     def Break(self,event):
         self.onServe = False

     #服务器主循环
     def on_serving(self):
         print '...On serving...'
         while self.onServe:
             UserSocket, UserAddr = self.ServeSock.accept()
             username = UserSocket.recv(1024).decode(encoding='utf-8')   #接收用户名
             userthread = ClientThread(UserSocket, username,self)
             self.UserThreadList.append(userthread)  #将用户线程加到队列中
             userthread.start()
         self.ServeSock.close()

     #绑定发送按钮
     def SendMessage(self,event):
         if self.onServe and cmp(self.ttex.GetValue(),''):
             data = self.ttex.GetValue()
             self.AddText('Server',data,time.strftime("%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S", time.localtime()))
             self.ttex.SetValue('')

     # 向所有客户端（包括自己）发送信息,同时更新到数据库
     def AddText(self, source, data,Time):
         self.cursor.execute("insert into history values(\"%s\",\"%s\",\"%s\")" % (source,Time,data))    #双引号里面有双引号，bug：句子不能有双引号、以及中文
         self.db.commit()
         sendData = '%s said:\n%s\nwhen %s\n' % (source,data,Time)
         self.Text.AppendText('%s\n'%sendData)
         for user in self.UserThreadList:        #bug：客户端关闭了仍然在队列中。如果客户端关闭了，那怎么在服务器判断是否已经关闭了？客户端在关闭之前发一条信息给服务器？
             user.UserSocket.send(sendData.encode(encoding='utf-8'))

     #绑定清空按钮
     def EditClear(self,event):
         self.ttex.Clear()

 def main():
     app = wx.App(False)
     Server().Show()
     app.MainLoop()

 if __name__ == '__main__':
     main()

服务器的客户线程Clientthread：

 # -*- coding: UTF-8 -*-

 import threading
 import time

 class ClientThread(threading.Thread):

     def __init__(self,UserSocket, Username,server):
         threading.Thread.__init__(self)
         self.UserSocket = UserSocket
         self.Username = Username
         self.server = server
         self.Loadhist()

     # 加载历史聊天记录
     def Loadhist(self):
         self.server.cursor.execute("select * from history order by time")
         for data in self.server.cursor.fetchall():
             time.sleep(0.6)                 #几条信息同时发，会造成末尾回车键的丢失，所以要有时间间隔
             sendData = '%s said:\n%s\nwhen %s\n'%(data[0], data[2], data[1])
             self.UserSocket.send(sendData.encode(encoding='utf-8'))

     #方法重写，线程的入口
     def run(self):
         size = 1024
         while True:
             data = self.UserSocket.recv(size)   #未解决：客户端断开连接后这里会报错
             self.server.AddText(self.Username,data.decode(encoding='utf-8'),time.strftime("%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S", time.localtime()))
         self.UserSocket.close() #这里都执行不到

客户登录界面Logframe：

 # -*- coding: UTF-8 -*-

 from socket import *
 import wx
 import MySQLdb
 from client import Client

 class LogFrame(wx.Frame):
     def __init__(self,parent=None,id=-1,title='登录窗口',pos=wx.DefaultPosition,size=(500,300)):

         '''窗口'''
         wx.Frame.__init__(self,parent,id,title,pos,size=(400,280))
         self.pl = wx.Panel(self)
         con = wx.BoxSizer(wx.VERTICAL)
         subcon = wx.FlexGridSizer(2,2,10,10)
         username =  wx.StaticText(self.pl, label="Username:",style=wx.ALIGN_LEFT)
         password = wx.StaticText(self.pl, label="Password:",style=wx.ALIGN_LEFT)
         self.tc1 = wx.TextCtrl(self.pl,size=(180,20))
         self.tc2 = wx.TextCtrl(self.pl,size=(180,20),style=wx.TE_PASSWORD)
         subcon.Add(username,wx.TE_LEFT)
         subcon.Add(self.tc1,1,wx.EXPAND)
         subcon.Add(password)
         subcon.Add(self.tc2,1,wx.EXPAND)
         con.Add(subcon,1,wx.ALIGN_CENTER)
         subcon2 = wx.FlexGridSizer(1,2,10,10)
         register = wx.Button(self.pl,label='Register')
         login = wx.Button(self.pl,label='Login')
         subcon2.Add(register,1, wx.TOP)
         subcon2.Add(login,1, wx.TOP)
         con.Add(subcon2,1,wx.ALIGN_CENTRE)
         self.pl.SetSizer(con)
         self.Bind(wx.EVT_BUTTON,self.Register,register)
         self.Bind(wx.EVT_BUTTON,self.Login,login)
         '''窗口'''
         self.isConnected = False
         self.userSocket = None

     #连接到服务器
     def ConnectToServer(self):
         if not self.isConnected:
             ADDR = ('localhost', 21567)
             self.userSocket = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM)
             try:
                 self.userSocket.connect(ADDR)
                 self.userSocket.send(self.tc1.GetValue().encode(encoding='utf-8'))
                 self.isConnected = True
                 return True
             except Exception:
                 return False
         else:
             return True

     #登录
     def Login(self,event):
         if not self.ConnectToServer():
             err = wx.MessageDialog(None, '服务器未启动', 'ERROR!', wx.OK)
             err.ShowModal()
             err.Destroy()
         else:
             username = self.tc1.GetValue()
             password = self.tc2.GetValue()
             db = MySQLdb.connect('localhost', 'root', '', 'user_info')
             cursor = db.cursor()
             cursor.execute("select * from user_list where username='%s' and password='%s'"%(username,password))
             if not cursor.fetchone():
                 err = wx.MessageDialog(None,'用户不存在或密码错误','ERROR!',wx.OK)
                 err.ShowModal()
             else:
                 self.Close()
                 Client(opSock=self.userSocket, username=username).Show()
             db.commit()
             db.close()

     #注册
     def Register(self,event):
         if not self.ConnectToServer():
             err = wx.MessageDialog(None, '服务器未启动', 'ERROR!', wx.OK)
             err.ShowModal()
             err.Destroy()
         else:
             username = self.tc1.GetValue()
             password = self.tc2.GetValue()
             db = MySQLdb.connect('localhost', 'root', '', 'user_info')
             cursor = db.cursor()
             cursor.execute("select * from user_list where username='%s'"%username)
             if not cursor.fetchone():
                 cursor.execute("insert into user_list(username,password) values('%s','%s')"%(username,password))
             else:
                 err = wx.MessageDialog(None, '用户已存在', 'ERROR!', wx.OK)
                 err.ShowModal()
             db.commit()
             db.close()

 def main():
     app = wx.App(False)
     LogFrame().Show()
     app.MainLoop()

 if __name__ == '__main__':
     main()

客户端Client：

 #/usr/bin/env python
 # -*- coding: UTF-8 -*-

 import wx
 import threading
 from time import ctime

 class Client(wx.Frame):
     def __init__(self,opSock,username,parent=None,id=-1,title='客户端',pos=wx.DefaultPosition,size=(500,300)):

         '''窗口'''
         wx.Frame.__init__(self,parent,id,title,pos,size=(400,470))
         self.opSock = opSock
         self.username = username
         pl = wx.Panel(self)
         con = wx.BoxSizer(wx.VERTICAL)
         subcon = wx.FlexGridSizer(wx.HORIZONTAL)
         sta = wx.Button(pl, size=(200, 40),label='连接')
         end = wx.Button(pl, size=(200, 40),label='断开')
         subcon.Add(sta, 1, wx.TOP|wx.LEFT)
         subcon.Add(end, 1, wx.TOP|wx.RIGHT)
         con.Add(subcon,1,wx.ALIGN_CENTRE)
         self.Text = wx.TextCtrl(pl, size=(400,250),style = wx.TE_MULTILINE|wx.TE_READONLY)
         con.Add(self.Text, 1, wx.ALIGN_CENTRE)
         self.ttex = wx.TextCtrl(pl, size=(400,100),style=wx.TE_MULTILINE)
         con.Add(self.ttex, 1, wx.ALIGN_CENTRE)
         sub2 = wx.FlexGridSizer(wx.HORIZONTAL)
         clear = wx.Button(pl, size=(200, 40), label='清空')
         send = wx.Button(pl, size=(200, 40), label='发送')
         sub2.Add(clear, 1, wx.TOP | wx.LEFT)
         sub2.Add(send, 1, wx.TOP | wx.RIGHT)
         con.Add(sub2, 1, wx.ALIGN_CENTRE)
         pl.SetSizer(con)
         '''窗口'''

         '''绑定'''
         self.Bind(wx.EVT_BUTTON, self.EditClear, clear)
         self.Bind(wx.EVT_BUTTON, self.Send, send)
         self.Bind(wx.EVT_BUTTON, self.Login, sta)
         self.Bind(wx.EVT_BUTTON, self.Logout, end)
         '''绑定'''
         self.isConnected = False

     #登录
     def Login(self,event):
         '''客户端准备工作'''
         self.isConnected = True
         t = threading.Thread(target=self.Receive, args=())
         t.setDaemon(True)
         t.start()
         '''客户端准备工作'''

     #退出
     def Logout(self,event):
         self.isConnected = False

     #绑定发送按钮
     def Send(self,event):
         if self.isConnected and cmp(self.ttex.GetValue(),''):
             self.opSock.send(self.ttex.GetValue().encode(encoding='utf-8'))
             self.ttex.SetValue('')

     #绑定清空按钮
     def EditClear(self,event):
         self.ttex.Clear()

     #接收客户端的信息（独立一个线程）
     def Receive(self):
         while self.isConnected:
             data = self.opSock.recv(1024).decode(encoding='utf-8')
             self.Text.AppendText('%s\n'%data)