[root@monitor ~]# LD_DEBUG=help ls

Valid options for the LD_DEBUG environment variable are:

  libs        display library search paths

  reloc       display relocation processing

  files       display progress for input file

  symbols     display symbol table processing

  bindings    display information about symbol binding

  versions    display version dependencies

  all         all previous options combined

  statistics  display relocation statistics

  unused      determined unused DSOs

  help        display this help message and exit

To direct the debugging output into a file instead of standard output

a filename can be specified using the LD_DEBUG_OUTPUT environment variable.
[root@monitor ~]# LD_DEBUG=bindings /root/test

     :     binding file /lib/libc.so. [] to /lib/libc.so. []: normal symbol `_res' [GLIBC_2.0]

     :     binding file /lib/libc.so. [] to /lib/libc.so. []: normal symbol `_IO_file_close' [GLIBC_2.0]

     :     binding file /lib/libc.so. [] to /lib/libc.so. []: normal symbol `rpc_createerr' [GLIBC_2.0]

     :     binding file /lib/libc.so. [] to /lib/libc.so. []: normal symbol `__key_gendes_LOCAL' [GLIBC_2.1]

     :     binding file /lib/libc.so. [] to /lib/libc.so. []: normal symbol `__ctype32_tolower' [GLIBC_2.2]

     :     binding file /lib/libc.so. [] to /lib/libc.so. []: normal symbol `loc1' [GLIBC_2.0]

     :     binding file /lib/libc.so. [] to /lib/libc.so. []: normal symbol `svc_pollfd' [GLIBC_2.2]

     :     binding file /lib/libc.so. [] to /lib/libc.so. []: normal symbol `_IO_funlockfile' [GLIBC_2.0]

     :     binding file /lib/libc.so. [] to /lib/libc.so. []: normal symbol `__malloc_initialize_hook' [GLIBC_2.0]

     :     binding file /lib/libc.so. [] to /lib/libc.so. []: normal symbol `argp_program_version' [GLIBC_2.1]

     :     binding file /lib/libc.so. [] to /lib/libc.so. []: normal symbol `__tzname' [GLIBC_2.0]

     :     binding file /lib/libc.so. [] to /lib/libc.so. []: normal symbol `__after_morecore_hook' [GLIBC_2.0]

     :     binding file /lib/libc.so. [] to /lib/libc.so. []: normal symbol `__progname' [GLIBC_2.0]

     :     binding file /lib/libc.so. [] to /lib/libc.so. []: normal symbol `obstack_exit_failure' [GLIBC_2.0]

     :     binding file /lib/libc.so. [] to /lib/libc.so. []: normal symbol `__check_rhosts_file' [GLIBC_2.0]

     :     binding file /lib/libc.so. [] to /lib/libc.so. []: normal symbol `program_invocation_short_name' [GLIBC_2.0]

     :     binding file /lib/libc.so. [] to /lib/libc.so. []: normal symbol `_IO_stdout_' [GLIBC_2.0]

     :     binding file /lib/libc.so. [] to /lib/libc.so. []: normal symbol `optopt' [GLIBC_2.0]

     :     binding file /lib/libc.so. [] to /lib/libc.so. []: normal symbol `malloc' [GLIBC_2.0]

     :     binding file /lib/libc.so. [] to /lib/libc.so. []: normal symbol `_environ' [GLIBC_2.0]

     :     binding file /lib/libc.so. [] to /lib/libc.so. []: normal symbol `_IO_stderr_' [GLIBC_2.0]

     :     binding file /lib/libc.so. [] to /lib/libc.so. []: normal symbol `__key_encryptsession_pk_LOCAL' [GLIBC_2.1]

     :     binding file /lib/libc.so. [] to /lib/libc.so. []: normal symbol `__ctype_tolower' [GLIBC_2.0]

     :     binding file /lib/libc.so. [] to /lib/libc.so. []: normal symbol `__malloc_hook' [GLIBC_2.0]

     :     binding file /lib/libc.so. [] to /root/test []: normal symbol `_IO_stdin_used'

     :     binding file /lib/libc.so. [] to /lib/libc.so. []: normal symbol `__progname_full' [GLIBC_2.0]

     :     binding file /lib/libc.so. [] to /lib/libc.so. []: normal symbol `obstack_alloc_failed_handler' [GLIBC_2.0]

     :     binding file /lib/libc.so. [] to /lib/libc.so. []: normal symbol `__fpu_control' [GLIBC_2.0]

     :     binding file /lib/libc.so. [] to /lib/libc.so. []: normal symbol `mallwatch' [GLIBC_2.0]

     :     binding file /lib/libc.so. [] to /lib/libc.so. []: normal symbol `loc2' [GLIBC_2.0]

     :     binding file /lib/libc.so. [] to /lib/libc.so. []: normal symbol `__realloc_hook' [GLIBC_2.0]

     :     binding file /lib/libc.so. [] to /lib/ld-linux.so. []: normal symbol `__libc_stack_end' [GLIBC_2.1]

     :     binding file /lib/libc.so. [] to /lib/libc.so. []: normal symbol `program_invocation_name' [GLIBC_2.0]

     :     binding file /lib/libc.so. [] to /lib/libc.so. []: normal symbol `argp_program_version_hook' [GLIBC_2.1]

     :     binding file /lib/libc.so. [] to /lib/libc.so. []: normal symbol `__curbrk' [GLIBC_2.0]

     :     binding file /lib/libc.so. [] to /lib/libc.so. []: normal symbol `stdout' [GLIBC_2.0]

     :     binding file /lib/libc.so. [] to /lib/libc.so. []: normal symbol `svc_max_pollfd' [GLIBC_2.2]

     :     binding file /lib/libc.so. [] to /lib/ld-linux.so. []: normal symbol `_rtld_global_ro' [GLIBC_PRIVATE]

     :     binding file /lib/libc.so. [] to /lib/libc.so. []: normal symbol `_nl_domain_bindings' [GLIBC_2.0]

     :     binding file /lib/libc.so. [] to /lib/libc.so. []: normal symbol `stderr' [GLIBC_2.0]

     :     binding file /lib/libc.so. [] to /lib/libc.so. []: normal symbol `__ctype32_b' [GLIBC_2.0]

     :     binding file /lib/libc.so. [] to /lib/ld-linux.so. []: normal symbol `__libc_enable_secure' [GLIBC_PRIVATE]

     :     binding file /lib/libc.so. [] to /lib/libc.so. []: normal symbol `_res_hconf' [GLIBC_2.2]

     :     binding file /lib/libc.so. [] to /lib/libc.so. []: normal symbol `argp_program_bug_address' [GLIBC_2.1]

     :     binding file /lib/libc.so. [] to /lib/libc.so. []: normal symbol `h_errlist' [GLIBC_2.0]

     :     binding file /lib/libc.so. [] to /lib/libc.so. []: normal symbol `optind' [GLIBC_2.0]

     :     binding file /lib/libc.so. [] to /lib/ld-linux.so. []: normal symbol `_dl_argv' [GLIBC_PRIVATE]

     :     binding file /lib/libc.so. [] to /lib/libc.so. []: normal symbol `svc_fdset' [GLIBC_2.0]

     :     binding file /lib/libc.so. [] to /lib/libc.so. []: normal symbol `_IO_stdin_' [GLIBC_2.0]

     :     binding file /lib/libc.so. [] to /lib/libc.so. []: normal symbol `re_syntax_options' [GLIBC_2.0]

     :     binding file /lib/libc.so. [] to /lib/libc.so. []: normal symbol `__rcmd_errstr' [GLIBC_2.0]

     :     binding file /lib/libc.so. [] to /lib/libc.so. []: normal symbol `__daylight' [GLIBC_2.0]

     :     binding file /lib/libc.so. [] to /lib/libc.so. []: normal symbol `error_print_progname' [GLIBC_2.0]

     :     binding file /lib/libc.so. [] to /lib/libc.so. []: normal symbol `__ctype32_toupper' [GLIBC_2.2]

     :     binding file /lib/libc.so. [] to /lib/libc.so. []: normal symbol `__ctype_b' [GLIBC_2.0]

     :     binding file /lib/libc.so. [] to /lib/libc.so. []: normal symbol `__ctype_toupper' [GLIBC_2.0]

     :     binding file /lib/libc.so. [] to /lib/libc.so. []: normal symbol `__morecore' [GLIBC_2.0]

     :     binding file /lib/libc.so. [] to /lib/libc.so. []: normal symbol `getdate_err' [GLIBC_2.1]

     :     binding file /lib/libc.so. [] to /lib/libc.so. []: normal symbol `_nl_msg_cat_cntr' [GLIBC_2.0]

     :     binding file /lib/libc.so. [] to /lib/libc.so. []: normal symbol `stdin' [GLIBC_2.0]

     :     binding file /lib/libc.so. [] to /lib/libc.so. []: normal symbol `__environ' [GLIBC_2.0]

     :     binding file /lib/libc.so. [] to /lib/libc.so. []: normal symbol `svcauthdes_stats' [GLIBC_2.0]

     :     binding file /lib/libc.so. [] to /lib/libc.so. []: normal symbol `__memalign_hook' [GLIBC_2.0]

     :     binding file /lib/libc.so. [] to /lib/libc.so. []: normal symbol `__free_hook' [GLIBC_2.0]

     :     binding file /lib/libc.so. [] to /lib/libc.so. []: normal symbol `error_message_count' [GLIBC_2.0]

     :     binding file /lib/libc.so. [] to /lib/libc.so. []: normal symbol `free' [GLIBC_2.0]

     :     binding file /lib/libc.so. [] to /lib/ld-linux.so. []: normal symbol `_rtld_global' [GLIBC_PRIVATE]

     :     binding file /lib/libc.so. [] to /lib/libc.so. []: normal symbol `__timezone' [GLIBC_2.0]

     :     binding file /lib/libc.so. [] to /lib/libc.so. []: normal symbol `__key_decryptsession_pk_LOCAL' [GLIBC_2.1]

     :     binding file /lib/libc.so. [] to /lib/libc.so. []: normal symbol `error_one_per_line' [GLIBC_2.0]

     :     binding file /lib/libc.so. [] to /lib/libc.so. []: normal symbol `opterr' [GLIBC_2.0]

     :     binding file /lib/libc.so. [] to /lib/libc.so. []: normal symbol `optarg' [GLIBC_2.0]

     :     binding file /lib/libc.so. [] to /lib/libc.so. []: normal symbol `argp_err_exit_status' [GLIBC_2.1]

     :     binding file /lib/libc.so. [] to /lib/libc.so. []: normal symbol `_IO_2_1_stdin_' [GLIBC_2.1]

     :     binding file /lib/libc.so. [] to /lib/libc.so. []: normal symbol `_IO_2_1_stdout_' [GLIBC_2.1]

     :     binding file /lib/libc.so. [] to /lib/libc.so. []: normal symbol `_IO_2_1_stderr_' [GLIBC_2.1]

     :     binding file /lib/libc.so. [] to /lib/libc.so. []: normal symbol `calloc' [GLIBC_2.0]

     :     binding file /lib/libc.so. [] to /lib/libc.so. []: normal symbol `realloc' [GLIBC_2.0]

     :     binding file /lib/libc.so. [] to /lib/libc.so. []: normal symbol `malloc' [GLIBC_2.0]

     :     binding file /lib/libc.so. [] to /lib/ld-linux.so. []: normal symbol `___tls_get_addr' [GLIBC_2.3]

     :     binding file /lib/libc.so. [] to /lib/libc.so. []: normal symbol `memalign' [GLIBC_2.0]

     :     binding file /lib/libc.so. [] to /lib/libc.so. []: normal symbol `free' [GLIBC_2.0]

     :     binding file /lib/libc.so. [] to /lib/libc.so. []: normal symbol `_Unwind_Find_FDE' [GCC_3.0]

     :     binding file /lib/libc.so. [] to /lib/libc.so. []: normal symbol `memmem' [GLIBC_2.0]

     :     binding file /lib/ld-linux.so. [] to /lib/ld-linux.so. []: normal symbol `_r_debug' [GLIBC_2.0]

     :     binding file /lib/ld-linux.so. [] to /lib/libc.so. []: normal symbol `free' [GLIBC_2.0]

     :     binding file /lib/ld-linux.so. [] to /lib/libc.so. []: normal symbol `__libc_memalign' [GLIBC_2.0]

     :     binding file /lib/ld-linux.so. [] to /lib/libc.so. []: normal symbol `malloc' [GLIBC_2.0]

     :     binding file /lib/ld-linux.so. [] to /lib/libc.so. []: normal symbol `calloc' [GLIBC_2.0]

     :     binding file /lib/ld-linux.so. [] to /lib/libc.so. []: normal symbol `realloc' [GLIBC_2.0]

     :     binding file /lib/ld-linux.so. [] to /lib/ld-linux.so. []: normal symbol `___tls_get_addr' [GLIBC_2.3]

     :     binding file /lib/ld-linux.so. [] to /lib/libc.so. []: normal symbol `free' [GLIBC_2.0]

     :

     :     calling init: /lib/libc.so.

     :

     :     binding file /root/test [] to /lib/libc.so. []: normal symbol `__libc_start_main' [GLIBC_2.0]

     :

     :     initialize program: /root/test

     :

     :

     :     transferring control: /root/test

     :

     :     binding file /root/test [] to /lib/libc.so. []: normal symbol `sbrk' [GLIBC_2.0]

     :     binding file /root/test [] to /lib/libc.so. []: normal symbol `brk' [GLIBC_2.0]

     :     binding file /root/test [] to /lib/libc.so. []: normal symbol `printf' [GLIBC_2.0]

0x9c22000

0x9c22004

(nil)

0x9c22004

0x9c22004

Segmentation fault
[root@monitor ~]# LD_DEBUG=libs /root/test                         //显示库如何加载的

     :     find library=libc.so. []; searching

     :      search cache=/etc/ld.so.cache

     :       trying file=/lib/libc.so.

     :

     :

     :     calling init: /lib/libc.so.

     :

     :

     :     initialize program: /root/test

     :

     :

     :     transferring control: /root/test

     :

0x9a88000

0x9a88004

(nil)

0x9a88004

0x9a88004

Segmentation fault

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