iOS:网络编程的第三方框架：AFNetworking、SDWebImage

网络编程第三方框架：AFNetworking、SDWebImage

介绍：这些框架是开源的，经过前人的封装、改进，成为使用次数很多的一个性能好的源代码框架，只需要将它导入项目中，就可以使用。因此，在做项目时，使用它能够大大地提高效率。

 

※ 一、AFNetworking：功能是用来下载网络数据(包括文件，图片等)

属性如下：

※NSURLConnection:   

   AFURLConnectionOperation

   AFHTTPRequestOperation

   AFHTTPRequestOperationManager

 

※ NSURLSession   

   AFURLSessionManager

   AFHTTPSessionManager

 

※Serialization

   <AFURLRequestSerialization>

AFHTTPRequestSerializer

AFJSONRequestSerializer

AFPropertyListRequestSerializer

<AFURLResponseSerialization>

AFHTTPResponseSerializer

AFJSONResponseSerializer

AFXMLParserResponseSerializer

  AFXMLDocumentResponseSerializer (Mac OS X)

AFPropertyListResponseSerializer

AFImageResponseSerializer

AFCompoundResponseSerializer

封装的主要方法如下：

说明：`AFHTTPRequestOperationManager`封装了与web应用程序通过HTTP通信的常见模式,包括创建请求,响应序列化,网络可达性监控、运营管理和安全,以及请求。

<1> `GET` Request:get请求

      AFHTTPRequestOperationManager *manager = [AFHTTPRequestOperationManager manager];

     [manager GET:@"http://example.com/resources.json" parameters:nil success:^(AFHTTPRequestOperation *operation, id responseObject) {

         NSLog(@"JSON: %@", responseObject);

      } failure:^(AFHTTPRequestOperation *operation, NSError *error) {

         NSLog(@"Error: %@", error);

      }];

 

<2>`POST` URL-Form-Encoded Request：post请求

     AFHTTPRequestOperationManager *manager = [AFHTTPRequestOperationManager manager];

     NSDictionary *parameters = @{@"foo": @"bar"};

     [manager POST:@"http://example.com/resources.json" parameters:parameters success:^(AFHTTPRequestOperation *operation, id responseObject) {

          NSLog(@"JSON: %@", responseObject);

     } failure:^(AFHTTPRequestOperation *operation, NSError *error) {

          NSLog(@"Error: %@", error);

     }];

<3>`POST` Multi-Part Request：post多部分的请求

     AFHTTPRequestOperationManager *manager = [AFHTTPRequestOperationManager manager];

     NSDictionary *parameters = @{@"foo": @"bar"};

     NSURL *filePath = [NSURL fileURLWithPath:@"file://path/to/image.png"];

     [manager POST:@"http://example.com/resources.json" parameters:parameters constructingBodyWithBlock:^(id<AFMultipartFormData> formData) {

             [formData appendPartWithFileURL:filePath name:@"image" error:nil];

      } success:^(AFHTTPRequestOperation *operation, id responseObject) {

             NSLog(@"Success: %@", responseObject);

      } failure:^(AFHTTPRequestOperation *operation, NSError *error) {

             NSLog(@"Error: %@", error);

      }];

 

 

说明：“AFURLSessionManager”创建并管理一个“NSURLSession”对象基于指定的“NSURLSessionConfiguration”对象,这符合< NSURLSessionTaskDelegate >,< NSURLSessionDataDelegate >,< NSURLSessionDownloadDelegate >,和< NSURLSessionDelegate >。

<4>Creating a Download Task：创建一个下载任务

          NSURLSessionConfiguration *configuration = [NSURLSessionConfiguration defaultSessionConfiguration];

AFURLSessionManager *manager = [[AFURLSessionManager alloc] initWithSessionConfiguration:configuration];

 

NSURL *URL = [NSURL URLWithString:@"http://example.com/download.zip"];

NSURLRequest *request = [NSURLRequest requestWithURL:URL];

 

NSURLSessionDownloadTask *downloadTask = [manager downloadTaskWithRequest:request progress:nil destination:^NSURL *(NSURL *targetPath, NSURLResponse *response) {

    NSURL *documentsDirectoryURL = [[NSFileManager defaultManager] URLForDirectory:NSDocumentDirectory inDomain:NSUserDomainMask appropriateForURL:nil create:NO error:nil];

    return [documentsDirectoryURL URLByAppendingPathComponent:[response suggestedFilename]];

} completionHandler:^(NSURLResponse *response, NSURL *filePath, NSError *error) {

    NSLog(@"File downloaded to: %@", filePath);

}];

[downloadTask resume];

 

<5>Creating an Upload Task：创建一个上传任务

          NSURLSessionConfiguration *configuration = [NSURLSessionConfiguration defaultSessionConfiguration];

AFURLSessionManager *manager = [[AFURLSessionManager alloc] initWithSessionConfiguration:configuration];

 

NSURL *URL = [NSURL URLWithString:@"http://example.com/upload"];

NSURLRequest *request = [NSURLRequest requestWithURL:URL];

 

NSURL *filePath = [NSURL fileURLWithPath:@"file://path/to/image.png"];

NSURLSessionUploadTask *uploadTask = [manager uploadTaskWithRequest:request fromFile:filePath progress:nil completionHandler:^(NSURLResponse *response, id responseObject, NSError *error) {

    if (error) {

        NSLog(@"Error: %@", error);

    } else {

        NSLog(@"Success: %@ %@", response, responseObject);

    }

}];

[uploadTask resume];

 

<6>Creating an Upload Task for a Multi-Part Request, with Progress:创建一个多部分请求带进程的上传任务

NSMutableURLRequest *request = [[AFHTTPRequestSerializer serializer] multipartFormRequestWithMethod:@"POST" URLString:@"http://example.com/upload" parameters:nil constructingBodyWithBlock:^(id<AFMultipartFormData> formData) {

        [formData appendPartWithFileURL:[NSURL fileURLWithPath:@"file://path/to/image.jpg"] name:@"file" fileName:@"filename.jpg" mimeType:@"image/jpeg" error:nil];

    } error:nil];

 

AFURLSessionManager *manager = [[AFURLSessionManager alloc] initWithSessionConfiguration:[NSURLSessionConfiguration defaultSessionConfiguration]];

NSProgress *progress = nil;

 

NSURLSessionUploadTask *uploadTask = [manager uploadTaskWithStreamedRequest:request progress:&progress completionHandler:^(NSURLResponse *response, id responseObject, NSError *error) {

    if (error) {

        NSLog(@"Error: %@", error);

    } else {

        NSLog(@"%@ %@", response, responseObject);

    }

}];

 

[uploadTask resume];

 

<7>Creating a Data Task:创建一个数据的任务

      NSURLSessionConfiguration *configuration = [NSURLSessionConfiguration defaultSessionConfiguration];

AFURLSessionManager *manager = [[AFURLSessionManager alloc] initWithSessionConfiguration:configuration];

 

NSURL *URL = [NSURL URLWithString:@"http://example.com/upload"];

NSURLRequest *request = [NSURLRequest requestWithURL:URL];

 

NSURLSessionDataTask *dataTask = [manager dataTaskWithRequest:request completionHandler:^(NSURLResponse *response, id responseObject, NSError *error) {

    if (error) {

        NSLog(@"Error: %@", error);

    } else {

        NSLog(@"%@ %@", response, responseObject);

    }

}];

[dataTask resume];

 

<8>请求序列化

 

         #### 请求序列化器创建请求URL字符串编码参数作为查询字符串或HTTP的身体。

         NSString *URLString = @"http://example.com";

         NSDictionary *parameters = @{@"foo": @"bar", @"baz": @[@1, @2, @3]};

 

 

        #### Query String Parameter Encoding：查询字符串参数编码

        [[AFHTTPRequestSerializer serializer] requestWithMethod:@"GET" URLString:URLString parameters:parameters error:nil];

        GET http://example.com?foo=bar&baz[]=1&baz[]=2&baz[]=3

 

#### URL Form Parameter Encoding：URL形式参数编码

[[AFHTTPRequestSerializer serializer] requestWithMethod:@"POST" URLString:URLString parameters:parameters];

 POST http://example.com/Content-Type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded

 foo=bar&baz[]=1&baz[]=2&baz[]=3

 

#### JSON Parameter Encoding：JSON参数编码

[[AFJSONRequestSerializer serializer] requestWithMethod:@"POST" URLString:URLString parameters:parameters];

        POST http://example.com/Content-Type: application/json

        {"foo": "bar", "baz": [1,2,3]}

 

 

 

 

※ 二、SDWebImage：功能是主要用来下载和管理网络图片(也支持动态的GIF)，封装的方法如下

<1>  可以结合表格使用,设置单元格图片

      sd_setImageWithURL:(NSURL*)url placeholderImage:(UIImage*) image

 

 

<2> 可以结合表格使用,设置单元格图片,不过添加了block代码块

    sd_setImageWithURL:(NSURL*)url  placeholderImage:(UIImage*) image  completed:^(UIImage *image, NSError *error, SDImageCacheType cacheType, NSURL *imageURL) {... completion code here ...}];

 

 

<3>SDWebImageManager是类UIImageView + WebCache类别,创建管理对象,它使用异步方式下载图像数据并缓存

     SDWebImageManager *manager = [SDWebImageManager sharedManager];

       [manager downloadImageWithURL:imageURL

                      options:0

                     progress:^(NSInteger receivedSize, NSInteger expectedSize)

                     {

                         // progression tracking code

                     }

                     completed:^(UIImage *image, NSError *error, SDImageCacheType cacheType, BOOL finished, NSURL     

        *imageURL)

                   {

                            if (image) 

                           {

                                  // do something with image

                           }

                   }];

 

<4>创建下载对象,它独立使用异步下载图像

        [SDWebImageDownloader.sharedDownloader downloadImageWithURL:imageURL

          options:0

        progress:^(NSInteger receivedSize, NSInteger expectedSize)

         {

                   // progression tracking code

         }

        completed:^(UIImage *image, NSData *data, NSError *error, BOOL finished)

        {

                    if (image && finished)

                    {

                                 // do something with image

                     }

        }];

 

 

<5>SDImageCache类提供了一个单例实例,创建图像缓存对象,它独立使用异步图像缓存,默认情况下SDImageCache将查找磁盘缓存如果图像不能被发现在内存缓存中,查找缓存,使用“queryDiskCacheForKey:完成:”方法。如果这个方法返回nil,这意味着缓存目前没有自己的图像。您可以通过调用替代方法来避免这个问题的发生,imageFromMemoryCacheForKey:,一个图像存储到硬盘缓存中,你使用storeImage:forKey:toDisk:

方法:

      SDImageCache *imageCache = [[SDImageCache alloc] initWithNamespace:@"myNamespace"];

     [imageCache queryDiskCacheForKey:myCacheKey done:^(UIImage *image)

     {

                 // image is not nil if image was found

      }];

 

 

<6>有时,您可能不希望使用图像URL缓存键,因为URL的一部分是动态的(即。访问控制的目的)。SDWebImageManager过滤器提供了一种方法来设置缓存键,需要NSURL作为输入,输出缓存键NSString。下面的示例应用程序中设置一个过滤器委托,将删除任何查询字符串URL之前使用它作为一个缓存键:

   - (BOOL)application:(UIApplication *)application didFinishLaunchingWithOptions:(NSDictionary *)launchOptions

    {

        SDWebImageManager.sharedManager.cacheKeyFilter = ^(NSURL *url)

        {

               url = [[NSURL alloc] initWithScheme:url.scheme host:url.host path:url.path];

               return [url absoluteString];

         };

        // Your app init code...

        return YES;

     }

 

<7>处理图像刷新:SDWebImageRefreshCached

     [imageView sd_setImageWithURL:[NSURL URLWithString:@"https://graph.facebook.com/olivier.poitrey/picture"]

                 placeholderImage:[UIImage imageNamed:@"avatar-placeholder.png"]

                          options:SDWebImageRefreshCached];