实践：Linux下安装mysql8.0

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一、下载mysql8.0安装包

1、在local创建mysql文件夹

cd /usr/local

mkdir mysql

cd mysql

2、使用wget下载mysql8.0的xz安装包

wget https://dev.mysql.com/get/Downloads/MySQL-8.0/mysql-8.0.20-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.xz

二、解压mysql8.0安装包

1、解压

tar -xvJf mysql-8.0.21-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.xz

2、重命名解压后的mysql文件夹（名字太长了）

mv mysql-8.0.21-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64 mysql8.0

3、创建data存储文件

cd mysql8.0

mkdir data

三、创建用户和用户组，并赋予权限

1、创建用户和用户组

groupadd mysql

useradd -g mysql mysql

2、给用户赋予权限

chown -R mysql.mysql /usr/local/mysql/mysql8.0

四、初始化mysql信息

1、切换到mysql8.0安装路径下

Tip：绝对路径：cd /usr/local/mysql/mysql8.0/bin

cd bin

2、初始化mysql基本信息

./mysqld --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql/mysql8.0 --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/mysql8.0/data/ --initialize

3、获取到临时mysql密码

五、添加mysqld服务到系统

1、将mysqld服务添加到系统中

cd /usr/local/mysql/mysql8.0

cp -a ./support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysql

2、授权以及添加服务

chmod +x /etc/init.d/mysql

chkconfig --add mysql

3、mysql5.7以后就没有my.cnf了，所以我们创建一个。（个人觉得方便一些）

sudo vim my.cnf

# Example MySQL config file for small systems.
#
# This is for a system with little memory (<= 64M) where MySQL is only used
# from time to time and it's important that the mysqld daemon
# doesn't use much resources.
#
# MySQL programs look for option files in a set of
# locations which depend on the deployment platform.
# You can copy this option file to one of those
# locations. For information about these locations, see:
# http://dev.mysql.com/doc/mysql/en/option-files.html
#
# In this file, you can use all long options that a program supports.
# If you want to know which options a program supports, run the program
# with the "--help" option.  

# The following options will be passed to all MySQL clients
[client]
default-character-set=utf8
#password   = k0Ui&wV(Z3yt
port        = 3306
socket      = /tmp/mysql.sock  

# Here follows entries for some specific programs  

# The MySQL server
[mysqld]  

#配置mysql的文件夹 和 mysql data目录
basedir=/usr/local/mysql/mysql8.0
datadir=/usr/local/mysql/mysql8.0/data
default-storage-engine=INNODB
character-set-server=utf8
collation-server=utf8_general_ci
port        = 3306
socket      = /tmp/mysql.sock
skip-external-locking
key_buffer_size = 16K
max_allowed_packet = 1M
table_open_cache = 4
sort_buffer_size = 64K
read_buffer_size = 256K
read_rnd_buffer_size = 256K
net_buffer_length = 2K
thread_stack = 128K  

# Don't listen on a TCP/IP port at all. This can be a security enhancement,
# if all processes that need to connect to mysqld run on the same host.
# All interaction with mysqld must be made via Unix sockets or named pipes.
# Note that using this option without enabling named pipes on Windows
# (using the "enable-named-pipe" option) will render mysqld useless!
#
#skip-networking
server-id   = 1 

# Uncomment the following if you want to log updates
#log-bin=mysql-bin  

# binary logging format - mixed recommended
#binlog_format=mixed  

# Causes updates to non-transactional engines using statement format to be
# written directly to binary log. Before using this option make sure that
# there are no dependencies between transactional and non-transactional
# tables such as in the statement INSERT INTO t_myisam SELECT * FROM
# t_innodb; otherwise, slaves may diverge from the master.
#binlog_direct_non_transactional_updates=TRUE  

# Uncomment the following if you are using InnoDB tables
#innodb_data_home_dir = /usr/local/mysql/data
#innodb_data_file_path = ibdata1:10M:autoextend
#innodb_log_group_home_dir = /usr/local/mysql/data
# You can set .._buffer_pool_size up to 50 - 80 %
# of RAM but beware of setting memory usage too high
#innodb_buffer_pool_size = 16M
#innodb_additional_mem_pool_size = 2M
# Set .._log_file_size to 25 % of buffer pool size
#innodb_log_file_size = 5M
#innodb_log_buffer_size = 8M
#innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit = 1
#innodb_lock_wait_timeout = 50 

[mysqldump]
quick
max_allowed_packet = 16M  

[mysql]
no-auto-rehash
# Remove the next comment character if you are not familiar with SQL
#safe-updates  

[myisamchk]
key_buffer_size = 8M
sort_buffer_size = 8M  

[mysqlhotcopy]
interactive-timeout

*设置my.cnf权限

sudo chmod 664 /etc/my.cnf

4、启动mysql服务

service mysql start

如果出现下面报错

解决

将/var/lock/subsys/下mysql文件删除

5、查看mysql服务状态

service mysql status

6、将mysql命令添加到服务

ln -s /usr/local/mysql/mysql8.0/bin/mysql /usr/bin

六、登录mysql

1、登录 密码使用之前随机生成的密码

mysql mysql -uroot -p

2、修改管理员密码 其中123456是新的密码自己设置

ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED WITH mysql_native_password BY '123456';

3、重新加载缓存，使密码生效

flush privileges；

4、退出mysql，用新密码尝试登录管理员

七、修改mysql配置，使其可以用工具远程登录

update user set host='%' where user='root';

flush privileges;

云服务器不能远程连接mysql，解决

如果是买的云服务器，例如：阿里云服务器的，请到设置mysql(3306)安全策略

总结

到此就已经完成了在Linux中mysql8.0的所有安装。希望对大家有所帮助。

本文转自：https://blog.csdn.net/qq_45554167/article/details/121907007