sys用户无法远程登陆

1.用sys用户远程登陆

[oracle@edbjr2p2 admin]$ sqlplus system/oracle@PROD3 as sysdba

SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.3.0 Production on Wed Jun 12 18:19:27 2019

Copyright (c) 1982, 2011, Oracle.  All rights reserved.

ERROR:
ORA-01031: insufficient privileges

2.开始排查原因

1）首先tnsping PROD3(检查监听客户端是否能ping通）

[oracle@edbjr2p2 dbs]$  tnsping PROD3

TNS Ping Utility for Linux: Version 11.2.0.3.0 - Production on 12-JUN-2019 18:42:00

Copyright (c) 1997, 2011, Oracle.  All rights reserved.

Used parameter files:

Used TNSNAMES adapter to resolve the alias
Attempting to contact (DESCRIPTION = (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = edbjr2p2.example.com)(PORT = 1521)) (CONNECT_DATA = (SERVER = DEDICATED) (SERVICE_NAME = PROD3.us.oracle.com)))
OK (0 msec)
--以上结果证明监听客户端没问题

2）参数remote_login_passwordfile参数设置是否正确（应该为exclusive）

SYS@PROD3>show parameter remote_login_passwordfile

NAME                                 TYPE        VALUE
------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------
remote_login_passwordfile            string      EXCLUSIVE

3）检查密码文件是否正确

SYS@PROD3>select * from v$pwfile_users;   --如果为空，证明密码文件有问题

4）去查看密码文件

cd $ORACLE_HOME/dbs

ls

发现密码文件名字为：orapwdPROD3  （正确名字格式应为prapwPROD3)

5)重建密码文件

[oracle@edbjr2p2 dbs]$ orapwd file=orapwPROD3 password=oracle entries=30 force=y

6）远程登陆,正常

[oracle@edbjr2p2 dbs]$ sqlplus sys/oracle@PROD3 as sysdba

SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.3.0 Production on Wed Jun 12 18:51:54 2019

Copyright (c) 1982, 2011, Oracle.  All rights reserved.

Connected to:
Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.3.0 - Production
With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options

7）再次查询v$pwfile_users视图，验证密码文件状态，以下即为正常

SYS@PROD3>select * from v$pwfile_users;

USERNAME                       SYSDB SYSOP SYSAS
------------------------------ ----- ----- -----
SYS                            TRUE  TRUE  FALSE