[nowcoder5669A]Ancient Distance
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1 #include<bits/stdc++.h>
2 using namespace std;
3 #define N 200005
4 #define L (k<<1)
5 #define R (L+1)
6 #define mid (l+r>>1)
7 struct ji{
8 int nex,to;
9 }edge[N];
10 vector<int>v;
11 int E,n,x,head[N],dfn[N],sz[N],sh[N],tr[N<<2],tr2[N<<2],tag[N<<2],f[N][21];
12 void add(int x,int y){
13 edge[E].nex=head[x];
14 edge[E].to=y;
15 head[x]=E++;
16 }
17 void build(int k,int l,int r){
18 tag[k]=1;
19 if (l==r){
20 tr[k]=tr2[k]=sh[l];
21 return;
22 }
23 build(L,l,mid);
24 build(R,mid+1,r);
25 tr[k]=tr2[k]=max(tr[L],tr[R]);
26 }
27 void update(int k,int l,int r,int x,int y,int z){
28 if ((l>y)||(x>r))return;
29 if ((x<=l)&&(r<=y)){
30 tag[k]=z;
31 tr[k]=tr2[k]*z;
32 return;
33 }
34 update(L,l,mid,x,y,z);
35 update(R,mid+1,r,x,y,z);
36 tr[k]=max(tr[L],tr[R])*tag[k];
37 }
38 int query(int k,int l,int r){
39 if (l==r)return l;
40 if (tr[k]==tr[L])return query(L,l,mid);
41 return query(R,mid+1,r);
42 }
43 void dfs(int k,int fa,int s){
44 sz[k]=1;
45 sh[k]=s;
46 dfn[k]=++x;
47 f[k][0]=fa;
48 for(int i=1;i<=20;i++)f[k][i]=f[f[k][i-1]][i-1];
49 for(int i=head[k];i!=-1;i=edge[i].nex){
50 dfs(edge[i].to,k,s+1);
51 sz[k]+=sz[edge[i].to];
52 }
53 }
54 int find(int k,int x){
55 for(int i=0;i<=20;i++)
56 if (x&(1<<i))k=f[k][i];
57 return k;
58 }
59 int main(){
60 while (scanf("%d",&n)!=EOF){
61 E=0;
62 for(int i=1;i<=n;i++)head[i]=-1;
63 for(int i=2;i<=n;i++){
64 scanf("%d",&x);
65 add(x,i);
66 }
67 x=0;
68 dfs(1,1,1);
69 build(1,1,n);
70 int ans=-1;
71 for(int i=1;i<=n;i++){
72 v.clear();
73 while (1){
74 x=find(query(1,1,n),i);
75 if (x==1)break;
76 v.push_back(x);
77 update(1,1,n,dfn[x],dfn[x]+sz[x]-1,0);
78 }
79 for(int j=0;j<v.size();j++)update(1,1,n,dfn[v[j]],dfn[v[j]]+sz[v[j]]-1,1);
80 ans+=v.size()+1;
81 }
82 printf("%d\n",ans);
83 }
84 }
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