prometheus operator 部署

prometheus operator 部署自定义记录

环境：

k8s 1.11集群版本，kubeadm部署

docker 17.3.2版本

Centos 7系统

阿里云服务器

operator 源码下载

仓库下载prometheus operator

$ git clone https://github.com/coreos/kube-prometheus.git
$ cd kube-prometheus/manifests

进入到 manifests 目录下面，这个目录下面包含我们所有的资源清单文件，我们需要对其中的文件 prometheus-serviceMonitorKubelet.yaml 进行简单的修改，因为默认情况下，这个 ServiceMonitor 是关联的 kubelet 的10250端口去采集的节点数据，而我们前面说过为了安全，这个 metrics 数据已经迁移到10255这个只读端口上面去了，我们只需要将文件中的https-metrics更改成http-metrics即可，这个在 Prometheus-Operator 对节点端点同步的代码中有相关定义，感兴趣的可以点此查看完整代码：

Subsets: []v1.EndpointSubset{
    {
        Ports: []v1.EndpointPort{
            {
                Name: "https-metrics",
                Port: 10250,
            },
            {
                Name: "http-metrics",
                Port: 10255,
            },
            {
                Name: "cadvisor",
                Port: 4194,
            },
        },
    },
},

需要注意将insecureSkipVerify参数配置为false，http才生效 insecureSkipVerify: false

endpoints:
  - bearerTokenFile: /var/run/secrets/kubernetes.io/serviceaccount/token
    honorLabels: true
    interval: 30s
    port: http-metrics
    scheme: http
    tlsConfig:
      insecureSkipVerify: false
  - bearerTokenFile: /var/run/secrets/kubernetes.io/serviceaccount/token
    honorLabels: true
    interval: 30s
    metricRelabelings:
    - action: drop
      regex: container_(network_tcp_usage_total|network_udp_usage_total|tasks_state|cpu_load_average_10s)
      sourceLabels:
      - __name__
    path: /metrics/cadvisor
    port: http-metrics
    scheme: http
    tlsConfig:
      insecureSkipVerify: false

配置alertmanager告警路由

配置钉钉路由文件，并创建为secret对象，挂载到prometheus-prometheus,yaml文件中。这里需要将prometheus数据就行持久化存储，还需要定义一个storageClass或者pvc挂载进去。

alertmanager-main.yaml

global:
  resolve_timeout: 5m

route:
  group_by: ['alertname']
  group_wait: 30s
  group_interval: 5m
  repeat_interval: 2h
  receiver: 'web.hook'
receivers:
- name: 'web.hook'
  webhook_configs:
  - url: 'http://prometheus-webhook-dingtalk.monitors.svc.cluster.local:8060/dingtalk/ops_dingding/send'

创建alertmanager 配置文件secret对象

kubectl -n monitoring create se^C
[k8s@master ~]$ kubectl -n monitoring create secret generic altermanager-main --from-file=altermanager-main.yaml

创建storageClass对象，为prometheus提供持久化存储，这里使用阿里云提供的云盘或NAS服务，创建自定义storageClass对象

这里选择云盘创建的alicloud-disk-ssd 存储对象

prometheus配置kubernetes_sd_configs

为prometheus配置服务自动发现功能，将prometheus-additional.yaml文件创建为secret对象

prometheus-additional.yaml

- job_name: 'kubernetes-cadvisor'
  kubernetes_sd_configs:
  - role: node
  scheme: https
  tls_config:
    ca_file: /var/run/secrets/kubernetes.io/serviceaccount/ca.crt
  bearer_token_file: /var/run/secrets/kubernetes.io/serviceaccount/token
  relabel_configs:
  - action: labelmap
    regex: __meta_kubernetes_node_label_(.+)
  - target_label: __address__
    replacement: kubernetes.default.svc:443
  - source_labels: [__meta_kubernetes_node_name]
    regex: (.+)
    target_label: __metrics_path__
    replacement: /api/v1/nodes/${1}/proxy/metrics/cadvisor

- job_name: 'kubernetes-service-endpoints'
  kubernetes_sd_configs:
  - role: endpoints
  relabel_configs:
  - source_labels: [__meta_kubernetes_service_annotation_prometheus_io_scrape]
    action: keep
    regex: true
  - source_labels: [__meta_kubernetes_service_annotation_prometheus_io_scheme]
    action: replace
    target_label: __scheme__
    regex: (https?)
  - source_labels: [__meta_kubernetes_service_annotation_prometheus_io_path]
    action: replace
    target_label: __metrics_path__
    regex: (.+)
  - source_labels: [__address__, __meta_kubernetes_service_annotation_prometheus_io_port]
    action: replace
    target_label: __address__
    regex: ([^:]+)(?::\d+)?;(\d+)
    replacement: $1:$2
  - action: labelmap
    regex: __meta_kubernetes_service_label_(.+)
  - source_labels: [__meta_kubernetes_namespace]
    action: replace
    target_label: kubernetes_namespace
  - source_labels: [__meta_kubernetes_service_name]
    action: replace
    target_label: kubernetes_name

- job_name: 'kubernetes-services'
  kubernetes_sd_configs:
  - role: service
  metrics_path: /probe
  params:
    module: [http_2xx]
  relabel_configs:
  - source_labels: [__meta_kubernetes_service_annotation_prometheus_io_probe]
    action: keep
    regex: true
  - source_labels: [__address__]
    target_label: __param_target
  - target_label: __address__
    replacement: blackbox-exporter.example.com:9115
  - source_labels: [__param_target]
    target_label: instance
  - action: labelmap
    regex: __meta_kubernetes_service_label_(.+)
  - source_labels: [__meta_kubernetes_namespace]
    target_label: kubernetes_namespace
  - source_labels: [__meta_kubernetes_service_name]
    target_label: kubernetes_name

- job_name: 'kubernetes-ingresses'
  kubernetes_sd_configs:
  - role: ingress
  relabel_configs:
  - source_labels: [__meta_kubernetes_ingress_annotation_prometheus_io_probe]
    action: keep
    regex: true
  - source_labels: [__meta_kubernetes_ingress_scheme,__address__,__meta_kubernetes_ingress_path]
    regex: (.+);(.+);(.+)
    replacement: ${1}://${2}${3}
    target_label: __param_target
  - target_label: __address__
    replacement: blackbox-exporter.example.com:9115
  - source_labels: [__param_target]
    target_label: instance
  - action: labelmap
    regex: __meta_kubernetes_ingress_label_(.+)
  - source_labels: [__meta_kubernetes_namespace]
    target_label: kubernetes_namespace
  - source_labels: [__meta_kubernetes_ingress_name]
    target_label: kubernetes_name

- job_name: 'kubernetes-pods'
  kubernetes_sd_configs:
  - role: pod
  relabel_configs:
  - source_labels: [__meta_kubernetes_pod_annotation_prometheus_io_scrape]
    action: keep
    regex: true
  - source_labels: [__meta_kubernetes_pod_annotation_prometheus_io_path]
    action: replace
    target_label: __metrics_path__
    regex: (.+)
  - source_labels: [__address__, __meta_kubernetes_pod_annotation_prometheus_io_port]
    action: replace
    regex: ([^:]+)(?::\d+)?;(\d+)
    replacement: $1:$2
    target_label: __address__
  - action: labelmap
    regex: __meta_kubernetes_pod_label_(.+)
  - source_labels: [__meta_kubernetes_namespace]
    action: replace
    target_label: kubernetes_namespace
  - source_labels: [__meta_kubernetes_pod_name]
    action: replace
    target_label: kubernetes_pod_name

创建secret对象additional-config

kubectl -n monitoring create secret generics additional-config --from-file=prometheus-additional.yaml

修改prometheus-prometheus.yaml文件

将前面自定的配置文件和存储类写进prometheus中，实现prometheus监控的自定义化

apiVersion: monitoring.coreos.com/v1
kind: Prometheus
metadata:
  labels:
    prometheus: k8s
  name: k8s
  namespace: monitoring
spec:
  alerting:
    alertmanagers:
    - name: alertmanager-main
      namespace: monitoring
      port: web
  storage:                                #配置持久化存储
    volumeClaimTemplate:
      spec:
        storageClassName: alicloud-disk-ssd     #使用alicloud-disk-ssd存储类
        resources:
          requests:
            storage: 50Gi
  baseImage: quay.io/prometheus/prometheus
  nodeSelector:
    kubernetes.io/os: linux
  podMonitorSelector: {}
  replicas: 2
  secrets:                                   #etcd 证书secret配置文件
  - etcd-certs
  resources:
    requests:
      memory: 400Mi
  ruleSelector:
    matchLabels:
      prometheus: k8s
      role: alert-rules
  securityContext:
    fsGroup: 2000
    runAsNonRoot: true
    runAsUser: 1000
  additionalScrapeConfigs:                    #配置服务发现功能
    name: additional-configs                  #secret 资源对象名称
    key: prometheus-additional.yaml           #secret 对象中的key
  serviceAccountName: prometheus-k8s
  serviceMonitorNamespaceSelector: {}
  serviceMonitorSelector: {}
  version: v2.11.0

etcd 使用的证书都对应在节点的 /etc/kubernetes/pki/etcd 这个路径下面，所以首先我们将需要使用到的证书通过 secret 对象保存到集群中去：(在 etcd 运行的节点)

kubectl create secret generics etcd---from-file=/etc/kubernetes/pki/etcd/ca.pemcerts --from-file=/etc/kubernetes/pki/etcd/etcd-client.pem --from-file=/etc/kubernetes/pki/etcd/etcd-client-key.pem -n monitoring

创建 ServiceMonitor

现在 Prometheus 访问 etcd 集群的证书已经准备好了，接下来创建 ServiceMonitor 对象即可（prometheus-serviceMonitorEtcd.yaml）

apiVersion: monitoring.coreos.com/v1
kind: ServiceMonitor
metadata:
  name: etcd-k8s
  namespace: monitoring
  labels:
    k8s-app: etcd-k8s
spec:
  jobLabel: k8s-app
  endpoints:
  - port: port
    interval: 30s
    scheme: https
    tlsConfig:
      caFile: /etc/prometheus/secrets/etcd-certs/ca.pem
      certFile: /etc/prometheus/secrets/etcd-certs/etcd-client.pem
      keyFile: /etc/prometheus/secrets/etcd-certs/etcd-client-key.pem
      insecureSkipVerify: true
  selector:
    matchLabels:
      k8s-app: etcd
  namespaceSelector:
    matchNames:
    - kube-system

创建service

ServiceMonitor 创建完成了，但是现在还没有关联的对应的 Service 对象，所以需要我们去手动创建一个 Service 对象（prometheus-etcdService.yaml）：

apiVersion: v1
kind: Service
metadata:
  name: etcd-k8s
  namespace: kube-system
  labels:
    k8s-app: etcd
spec:
  type: ClusterIP
  clusterIP: None
  ports:
  - name: port
    port: 2379
    protocol: TCP
---
apiVersion: v1
kind: Endpoints
metadata:
  name: etcd-k8s
  namespace: kube-system
  labels:
    k8s-app: etcd
subsets:
- addresses:
  - ip: 172.16.23.231
    nodeName: etcd-master
  ports:
  - name: port
    port: 2379
    protocol: TCP	

我们这里创建的 Service 没有采用前面通过 label 标签的形式去匹配 Pod 的做法，因为前面我们说过很多时候我们创建的 etcd 集群是独立于集群之外的，这种情况下面我们就需要自定义一个 Endpoints，要注意 metadata 区域的内容要和 Service 保持一致，Service 的 clusterIP 设置为 None，对改知识点不太熟悉的，可以去查看我们前面关于 Service 部分的讲解。

Endpoints 的 subsets 中填写 etcd 集群的地址即可，我们这里是单节点的，填写一个即可,如果etcd配置文件中配置地址为127.0.0.1则有可能监控失败，需要修改为0.0.0.0

创建scheduler,controller-manager 组件的Service对象

kube-scheduler、kube-controller-manager组件绑定地址都为127.0.0.1，需要进入配置文件进行修改为0.0.0.0才能访问端口，进行监控

apiVersion: v1
kind: Service
metadata:
  name: kube-scheduler
  namespace: kube-system
  labels:
    k8s-app: kube-scheduler
spec:
  selector:
    component: kube-scheduler
  clusterIP: None
  ports:
  - name: http-metrics
    targetPort: 10251
    port: 10251
    protocol: TCP

---
apiVersion: v1
kind: Service
metadata:
  name: kube-controller-manager
  namespace: kube-system
  labels:
    k8s-app: kube-controller-manager
spec:
  selector:
    component: kube-controller-manager
  clusterIP: None
  ports:
  - name: http-metrics
    targetPort: 10252
    port: 10252

##kubelet-service.yaml 文件省略

修改prometheus sa用户权限

apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
kind: ClusterRole
metadata:
  name: prometheus-k8s
rules:
- apiGroups:
  - ""
  resources:
  - nodes
  - services
  - endpoints
  - pods
  - nodes/proxy
  verbs:
  - get
  - list
  - watch
- apiGroups:
  - ""
  resources:
  - configmaps
  - nodes/metrics
  verbs:
  - get
- nonResourceURLs:
  - /metrics
  verbs:
  - get

创建operator

kubectl create -f .

到此prometheus-operator 生产环境中就已经部署完毕，grafana的图表配置和alertmanager的告警优化模板通知功能还需补全。

1、创建storageClass对象，为prometheus提供持久化存储写入prometheus-prometheus.yaml文件中
2、修改alermanager-secret.yaml secret对象中的配置数据，改成自定义的钉钉报警路由或者
邮箱账号配置
3、创建etcd、scheduler、controller  Service对象
4、配置服务告警规则prometheus-etcdRules.yaml 文件或在源文件中添加
5、创建prometheus服务自动发现secret配置文件，并写入prometheus-prometheus.yaml文件中
6、创建etcd证书secret 、serviceMonitorEtcd对象文件
7、修改promethus-clusterRule.yaml 权限
8、执行部署