Django models字段查询谓词表

谓词	含义	示例	等价SQL语句
exact	精确等于	Comment.objects.filter(id__exact=14)	select * from Comment where id=14
iexact	大小写不敏感的等于	Comment.objects.filter(headline__iexact=’I like this’)	select * from Comment where upper(headline)=’I LIKE THIS’
contains	模糊匹配	Comment.objects.filter(headline__contains=’good’)	select * from Comment where headline like “%good%”
in	包含	Comment.objects.filter(id__in=[1,5,9])	select * from Comment where id in (1,5,9)
gt	大于	Comment.objects.filter(n_visits__gt=30)	select * from Comment where n_visits>30
gte	大于等于	Comment.objects.filter(n_visits__gte=30)	select * from COmment where n_visits>=30
lt	小于
lte	小于等于
startswith	以…开头	Comment.objects.filter(body_text__startswith=”Hello”)	select * from Comment where body_text like ‘Hello%’
endswith	以…结尾
range	在…范围内	start_date=datetime.date(2015,1,1) end_date=datetime.date(2015.2.1) Comment.objects.filter(     pub_date__range=(start_date,end_date) )	select * from Comment where pub_date between ‘2015-1-1’ and ‘2015-2-1’
year	年	Comment.objects.filter(     pub_date__year=2015 )	select * from Comment where pub_date between ‘2015-1-1 0:0:0’ and ‘2015-12-31 23:59:59’
month	月
day	日
week_day	星期几
isnull	是否为空	Comment.objects.filter(     pub_date__isnull=True )	select * from Comment where pub_date is NULL

filter(**kwargs):　返回符合筛选条件的数据集

exclude(**kwargs):   返回不符合筛选条件的数据集

Comment.objects.filter(pub_date__year=2015)

多个filter和exclude可以链接在一起查询

Comment.objects.filter(pub_date__year=2015).exclude(pub_date__month=1).exclude(n_visits__exact=0)

get() :查询单条记录，注意没有查询到数据的时候会报错

Comment.objects.get(id_exact=1)

all():  查询所有数据

Comment.objects.all()
Comment.objects.all()[:10]
Comment.objects.all[10:20]

order_by():   排序

Comment.objects.order_by('headline')