laravel 操作多数据库总结

laravel 操作多数据库总结

读写分离

• env配置

DB_CONNECTION=mysql
DB_HOST=xxxxxx
DB_PORT=xxx
DB_DATABASE=xx
DB_USERNAME=xxxx
DB_PASSWORD=xxxx

DB_WRITE_CONNECTION=mysql
DB_WRITE_HOST=xxx
DB_WRITE_PORT=3306
DB_WRITE_DATABASE=xxx
DB_WRITE_USERNAME=xx
DB_WRITE_PASSWORD=xxx

• database.php配置

'mysql' => [
  'driver'    => 'mysql',
  'database'  => 'test',
  'username'  => 'root',
  'password'  => 'password',
  'charset'   => 'utf8',
  'collation' => 'utf8_unicode_ci',
  'strict' => false,	// MySQL数据库严格模式，开启后，如果没有默认值会报错，不开启会自动填充一个默认值
  'read' => [
    [
      'host' => '127.0.0.2',
      'port' => 3307
    ],
    [
      'host' => '127.0.0.3',
      'port' => 3308
    ]
  ],
  'write' => [
    'host' => '127.0.0.1',
    'port' => 3306,
  ]
],

• 读、写库选择
• 如果不手动选择的话，数据库会自动判断读写库的选择。

DB::connection('mysql::write')->table('tablename')->find(1); //手动选择写库
DB::connection('mysql::read')->table('tablename')->find(1); //手动选择读库

多数据库

• 默认使用mysql这个数据库
• database.php配置

        'mysql1' => [
            'driver' => 'mysql',
            'host' => env('DB_HOST'),
            'port' => env('DB_PORT'),
            'database' => env('DB_DATABASE'),
            'username' => env('DB_USERNAME'),
            'password' => env('DB_PASSWORD'),
            'unix_socket' => env('DB_SOCKET'),
            'charset' => 'utf8mb4',
            'collation' => 'utf8mb4_unicode_ci',
            'prefix' => '',
            'prefix_indexes' => true,
            'strict' => true,
            'engine' => null,
        ],
        'mysql2' => [
            'driver' => 'mysql',
            'host' => env('DB_WRITE_HOST' ),
            'port' => env('DB_WRITE_PORT'),
            'database' => env('DB_WRITE_DATABASE'),
            'username' => env('DB_WRITE_USERNAME', 'forge'),
            'password' => env('DB_WRITE_PASSWORD', ''),
            'unix_socket' => env('DB_SOCKET', ''),
            'charset' => 'utf8mb4',
            'collation' => 'utf8mb4_unicode_ci',
            'prefix' => '',
            'prefix_indexes' => true,
            'strict' => true,
            'engine' => null,
        ],

• 方式一：model配置

class OrderFrom extends Model
{

    /**
     * The table associated with the model.
     *
     * @var string
     */
    protected $connection='mysql2';  //这里设置库
    protected $table = 'yd_order_from';

}

• 方式二：可以不再model中配置，在使用的时候，通过$orderFrom->setConnection('mysql2')方法来选择数据库。