Linux环境下stl库使用(vector)

step1:

#include <iostream>
#include <vector>
#include <string>

using namespace std;

main()
{
   vector<string> SS;

   SS.push_back("The number is 10");
   SS.push_back("The number is 20");
   SS.push_back("The number is 30");

   cout << "Loop by index:" << endl;

   int ii;
   ; ii < SS.size(); ii++)
   {
      cout << SS[ii] << endl;
   }

   cout << endl << "Constant Iterator:" << endl;

   vector<string>::const_iterator cii;
   for(cii=SS.begin(); cii!=SS.end(); cii++)
   {
      cout << *cii << endl;
   }

   cout << endl << "Reverse Iterator:" << endl;

   vector<string>::reverse_iterator rii;
   for(rii=SS.rbegin(); rii!=SS.rend(); ++rii)
   {
      cout << *rii << endl;
   }

   cout << endl << "Sample Output:" << endl;

   cout << SS.size() << endl;
   cout << SS[] << endl;

   swap(SS[], SS[]);
   cout << SS[] << endl;
}

step2:

Compile: g++ exampleVector.cpp
Run: ./a.out

Output:

Loop by index:
The number
The number
The number 

Constant Iterator:
The number
The number
The number 

Reverse Iterator:
The number
The number
The number 

Sample Output:

The number
The number 

此例子主要说明vector的使用。

编程语言方面：vector是C++标准模板库中的部分内容，中文偶尔译作“容器”，但并不准确。它是一个多功能的，能够操作多种数据结构和算法的模板类和函数库。vector之所以被认为是一个容器，是因为它能够像容器一样存放各种类型的对象，简单地说，vector是一个能够存放任意类型的动态数组，能够增加和压缩数据

例子2:（作为2纬数组使用）

step1:

#include <iostream>
#include <vector>

using namespace std;

main()
{
   // Declare size of two dimensional array and initialize.
   vector< vector<, vector<,));    

   vI2Matrix[][] = ;
   vI2Matrix[][] = ;
   vI2Matrix[][] = ;
   vI2Matrix[][] = ;
   vI2Matrix[][] = ;
   vI2Matrix[][] = ;

   cout << "Loop by index:" << endl;

   int ii, jj;
   ; ii < ; ii++)
   {
      ; jj < ; jj++)
      {
         cout << vI2Matrix[ii][jj] << endl;
      }
   }
}
         

step2:

Compile: g++ exampleVector2.cpp
Run: ./a.out

Loop by index:

例子3:（多纬数组）

step1:

#include <iostream>
#include <vector>

using namespace std;

main()
{
   vector< vector< vector<, vector< vector<, vector<,)) );

   ; kk<; kk++)
   {
      ; jj<; jj++)
      {
         ; ii<; ii++)
         {
            cout << vI3Matrix[ii][jj][kk] << endl;
         }
      }
   }
}

step2:

[root@localhost stl_test0001]# g++ exampleVector3.cpp
[root@localhost stl_test0001]# ./a.out 

例子3:(Example of iterators used with a two dimensional vector)

step1:

#include <iostream>
#include <vector>

using namespace std;

main()
{
   vector< vector<int> > vI2Matrix;    // Declare two dimensional array
   vector<int> A, B;
   vector< vector<int> >::iterator iter_ii;
   vector<int>::iterator                 iter_jj;

   A.push_back();
   A.push_back();
   A.push_back();
   B.push_back();
   B.push_back();
   B.push_back();

   vI2Matrix.push_back(A);
   vI2Matrix.push_back(B);

   cout << endl << "Using Iterator:" << endl;

   for(iter_ii=vI2Matrix.begin(); iter_ii!=vI2Matrix.end(); iter_ii++)
   {
      for(iter_jj=(*iter_ii).begin(); iter_jj!=(*iter_ii).end(); iter_jj++)
      {
         cout << *iter_jj << endl;
      }
   }
}

step2:

Compile: g++ exampleVector2.cpp
Run: ./a.out

Using Iterator:

list使用：

step1:

// Standard Template Library example

#include <iostream>
#include <list>
using namespace std;

// Simple example uses type int

main()
{
   list<int> L;
   L.push_back();              // Insert a new element at the end
   L.push_front();             // Insert a new element at the beginning
   L.insert(++L.begin(),);     // Insert "2" before position of first argument
                                // (Place before second argument)
   L.push_back();
   L.push_back();

   list<int>::iterator i;

   for(i=L.begin(); i != L.end(); ++i) cout << *i << " ";
   cout << endl;
   ;
}

step2:

Compile: g++ example1.cpp
Run: ./a.out

Output:     

Standard Template Library example using a class.step1

// Standard Template Library example using a class.

#include <iostream>
#include <list>
using namespace std;

// The List STL template requires overloading operators =, == and <.

class AAA
{
   friend ostream &operator<<(ostream &, const AAA &);

   public:
      int x;
      int y;
      float z;

      AAA();
      AAA(const AAA &);
      ~AAA(){};
      AAA &operator=(const AAA &rhs);
      int operator==(const AAA &rhs) const;
      int operator<(const AAA &rhs) const;
};

AAA::AAA()   // Constructor
{
   x = ;
   y = ;
   z = ;
}

AAA::AAA(const AAA &copyin)   // Copy constructor to handle pass by value.
{
   x = copyin.x;
   y = copyin.y;
   z = copyin.z;
}

ostream &operator<<(ostream &output, const AAA &aaa)
{
   output << aaa.x << ' ' << aaa.y << ' ' << aaa.z << endl;
   return output;
}

AAA& AAA::operator=(const AAA &rhs)
{
   this->x = rhs.x;
   this->y = rhs.y;
   this->z = rhs.z;
   return *this;
}

int AAA::operator==(const AAA &rhs) const
{
   ;
   ;
   ;
   ;
}

// This function is required for built-in STL list functions like sort
int AAA::operator<(const AAA &rhs) const
{
   ;
   ;
   ;
   ;
}

main()
{
   list<AAA> L;
   AAA Ablob ;

   Ablob.x=;
   Ablob.y=;
   Ablob.z=4.2355;
   L.push_back(Ablob);  // Insert a new element at the end

   Ablob.x=;
   L.push_back(Ablob);  // Object passed by value. Uses default member-wise
                        // copy constructor
   Ablob.z=3.2355;
   L.push_back(Ablob); 

   Ablob.x=;
   Ablob.y=;
   Ablob.z=7.2355;
   L.push_back(Ablob); 

   list<AAA>::iterator i;

   for(i=L.begin(); i != L.end(); ++i) cout << (*i).x << " "; // print member
   cout << endl;      

   for(i=L.begin(); i != L.end(); ++i) cout << *i << " "; // print with overloaded operator
   cout << endl;

   cout << "Sorted: " << endl;
   L.sort();
   for(i=L.begin(); i != L.end(); ++i) cout << *i << " "; // print with overloaded operator
   cout << endl;

   ;
}

step2:

Output:

  4.2355
   4.2355
   3.2355
   7.2355

Sorted:
  7.2355
   3.2355
   4.2355
   4.2355

C++ 函数模板

step1:

#include <iostream>
using std::cout;
using std::endl;

template<class T> T max(const T* data, int size) {
    T result = data[];
     ; i < size ; i++)
      if(result < data[i])
        result = data[i];
    return result;
  }

template<class T> T min(const T* data, int size) {
    T result = data[];
     ; i < size ; i++)
      if(result > data[i])
        result = data[i];
    return result;
  }

int main() {
  double data[] = {1.5, 4.6, 3.1, 1.1, 3.8, 2.1};
  , , , , , , , };

  ];
  cout << "Minimum double is " << min(data, dataSize) << endl;
  cout << "Maximum double is " << max(data, dataSize) << endl;

  ];
  cout << "Minimum integer is " << min(numbers, numbersSize) << endl;
  cout << "Maximum integer is " << max(numbers, numbersSize) << endl;

  ;
}

step2:

g++ random_shuffle22.cpp
[root@localhost stl_test0001]# ./a.out
Minimum double is 1.1
Maximum double is 4.6
Minimum integer
Maximum integer 

参考：

http://www.yolinux.com/TUTORIALS/LinuxTutorialC++STL.html

http://www.cnblogs.com/shixinzhu/archive/2012/03/05/2380203.html

https://www.sgi.com/tech/stl/download.html