今天VS启动不了了,连命令行的 devenv.exe /? 都执行不了,看不到帮助命令了,记性不好,以前看过但没记住呀,还好我装了两个不同版本的VS, 另一个VS的帮助命令还是可以看到的。虽然修复了,还是把帮助命令备忘一下,下次就不会措手不及了,有用的人需要也可以借鉴一下,最有可能出现问题的是插件引起的问题,安全模式最有用,几乎都可以启动:

Use:
devenv [solutionfile | projectfile | anyfile.ext] [switches] The first argument for devenv is usually a solution file or project file.
You can also use any other file as the first argument if you want to have the
file open automatically in an editor. When you enter a project file, the IDE
looks for an .sln file with the same base name as the project file in the
parent directory for the project file. If no such .sln file exists, then the
IDE looks for a single .sln file that references the project. If no such single
.sln file exists, then the IDE creates an unsaved solution with a default .sln
file name that has the same base name as the project file. Command line builds:
devenv solutionfile.sln /build [ solutionconfig ] [ /project projectnameorfile [ /projectconfig name ] ]
Available command line switches: /Build Builds the solution or project with the specified solution
configuration. For example "Debug". If multiple platforms
are possible, the configuration name must be enclosed in quotes
and contain platform name. For example: "Debug|Win32".
/Clean Deletes build outputs.
/Command Starts the IDE and executes the command.
/Deploy Builds and then deploys the specified build configuration.
/Edit Opens the specified files in a running instance of this
application. If there are no running instances, it will
start a new instance with a simplified window layout.
/LCID Sets the default language in the IDE for the UI.
/Log Logs IDE activity to the specified file for troubleshooting.
/NoVSIP Disables the VSIP developer's license key for VSIP testing.
/Out Appends the build log to a specified file.
/Project Specifies the project to build, clean, or deploy.
Must be used with /Build, /Rebuild, /Clean, or /Deploy.
/ProjectConfig Overrides the project configuration specified in the solution
configuration. For example "Debug". If multiple platforms are
possible, the configuration name must be enclosed in quotes
and contain platform name. For example: "Debug|Win32".
Must be used with /Project.
/Rebuild Cleans and then builds the solution or project with the
specified configuration.
/ResetAddin Removes commands and command UI associated with the specified Add-in.
/ResetSettings Restores the IDE's default settings, optionally resets to
the specified VSSettings file.
/ResetSkipPkgs Clears all SkipLoading tags added to VSPackages.
/Run Compiles and runs the specified solution.
/RunExit Compiles and runs the specified solution then closes the IDE.
/SafeMode Launches the IDE in safe mode loading minimal windows.
/Upgrade Upgrades the project or the solution and all projects in it.
A backup of these files will be created as appropriate. Please
see Help on 'Visual Studio Conversion Wizard' for more
information on the backup process. Product-specific switches: /componentsDiff Compares two component folders. Requires three arguments:
OptionalTfsServerCollectionUri SourceVersionedServerFolderPath
TargetVersionedServerFolderPath
If OptionalTfsServerCollectionUri is not provided, then an
attempt is made to use the current TFS project collection. /debugexe Open the specified executable to be debugged. The remainder of
the command line is passed to this executable as its arguments.
/diff Compares two files. Takes four parameters:
SourceFile, TargetFile, SourceDisplayName(optional),
TargetDisplayName(optional) /openProjects Opens versioned project. Requires three arguments:
OptionalTfsServerCollectionUri VersionedProjectServerItemPath
OptionalSolutionServerItemPath
If OptionalTfsServerCollectionUri is not provided, then an
attempt is made to use the current TFS project collection.
/TfsLink Opens Team Explorer and launches a viewer for the
provided artifact URI if one is registered.
/useenv Use PATH, INCLUDE, LIBPATH, and LIB environment variables
instead of IDE paths for VC++ builds. To attach the debugger from the command line, use:
VsJITDebugger.exe -p <pid>

还有一个在帮助文档中没有的命令。 devenv /RestUserData

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