C#实现Excel模板导出和从Excel导入数据

　　　　　　午休时间写了一个Demo关于Excel导入导出的简单练习

1.窗体

2.引用office命名空间

添加引用-程序集-扩展-Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel

3.封装的ExcelHelper.cs关键类

 using System;
 using System.Collections.Generic;
 using System.Data;
 using System.Data.OleDb;
 using System.IO;
 using System.Linq;
 using System.Runtime.InteropServices;
 using System.Text;
 using System.Text.RegularExpressions;
 using System.Windows.Forms;
 namespace ExcelDemo
 {
     /// <summary>
     /// Excel帮助类
     /// string column = "商品编码,商品名称,刊登单号,门店名称";
     /// 导入数据
     /// var action = new Action<string, DataTable>((str, dtExcel) =>
     /// {
     /// this.dgvData.DataSource = dtExcel;
     /// });
     /// excelHelper.ImportExcelToDataTable(this, action, "Ebay侵权下线");
     /// 导出模版
     /// string message = string.Empty;
     //  excelHelper.SaveExcelTemplate(column.Split(','), "Ebay侵权下线", "Ebay侵权下线", ref message);
     /// </summary>
     public class ExcelHelper
     {
         [DllImport("User32.dll", CharSet = CharSet.Auto)]
         public static extern int GetWindowThreadProcessId(IntPtr hwnd, out int ID);

         /// <summary>
         /// 保存Excel模版
         /// </summary>
         /// <param name="columns">列名,例如：商品编码,商品名称,刊登单号,门店名称</param>
         /// <param name="FileName">文件名，例如：Ebay侵权下线</param>
         /// <param name="SheetName">工作表名称，例如：Ebay侵权下线</param>
         /// <param name="message">错误信息</param>
         public void SaveExcelTemplate(string[] columns, string FileName, string SheetName, ref string message)
         {
             string Filter = "Excel文件|*.csv|Excel文件|*.xls|Excel文件|*.xlsx";

             SaveFileDialog saveFileDialog1 = new SaveFileDialog();
             saveFileDialog1.DefaultExt = "csv";
             saveFileDialog1.FileName = FileName;
             saveFileDialog1.Filter = Filter;
             saveFileDialog1.FilterIndex = ;
             saveFileDialog1.RestoreDirectory = true;
             saveFileDialog1.CreatePrompt = true;
             saveFileDialog1.Title = "Excel文件";
             saveFileDialog1.InitialDirectory = Directory.GetCurrentDirectory();

             if (saveFileDialog1.ShowDialog() != DialogResult.OK)
                 return;

             //获得文件路径
             string localFilePath = saveFileDialog1.FileName.ToString();
             if (Regex.IsMatch(localFilePath, @"\.csv$"))
             {
                 localFilePath = Regex.Replace(saveFileDialog1.FileName, @"\.csv$", "", RegexOptions.IgnoreCase) + ".csv";
                 File.WriteAllText(localFilePath, string.Join(",", columns), Encoding.Default);
             }
             else
             {
                 //获取文件路径，不带文件名
                 ArrayToExcelTemplate(columns, localFilePath, SheetName, ref message);
             }

             if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(message))
                 MessageBox.Show("\n\n导出完毕! ", "提示 ", MessageBoxButtons.OK, MessageBoxIcon.Information);
         }

         /// <summary>
         /// 导出模版
         /// </summary>
         /// <param name="columns">列名,例如：商品编码,商品名称,刊登单号,门店名称</param>
         /// <param name="localFilePath">本地路径</param>
         /// <param name="SheetName">工作表名称，例如：Ebay侵权下线</param>
         /// <param name="message">错误信息</param>
         public void ArrayToExcelTemplate(string[] columns, string localFilePath, string SheetName, ref string message)
         {
             Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.Application xlApp = new Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.Application();
             if (xlApp == null)
             {
                 message = "无法创建Excel对象，可能计算机未安装Excel！";
                 return;
             }

             //創建Excel對象
             Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.Workbooks workbooks = xlApp.Workbooks;
             Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.Workbook workbook = workbooks.Add(Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.XlWBATemplate.xlWBATWorksheet);
             Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.Worksheet worksheet = null;
             if (worksheet == null) worksheet = (Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.Worksheet)workbook.Worksheets.Add(Type.Missing, Type.Missing, , Type.Missing);
             Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.Range range = null;

             long totalCount = columns.Length;
             worksheet.Name = SheetName;//第一个sheet在Excel中显示的名称
             int c;
             c = ;
             ////写入标题
             for (int i = , count = columns.Length; i < count; i++)
             {
                 //if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(columns[i])) continue;
                 worksheet.Cells[, c + ] = columns[i];
                 range = (Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.Range)worksheet.Cells[, c + ];
                 range.HorizontalAlignment = Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.XlHAlign.xlHAlignCenter;//居中
                 c++;

             }

             try
             {
                 localFilePath = Regex.Replace(localFilePath, ".xls$|.xlsx$", "", RegexOptions.IgnoreCase);
                 localFilePath += xlApp.Version.CompareTo("11.0") ==  ? ".xls" : ".xlsx";
                 workbook.SaveCopyAs(localFilePath);
             }
             catch (Exception ex)
             {
                 message = "生成Excel附件过程中出现异常，详细信息如：" + ex.ToString();
             }

             try
             {
                 if (xlApp != null)
                 {

                     int lpdwProcessId;
                     GetWindowThreadProcessId(new IntPtr(xlApp.Hwnd), out lpdwProcessId);
                     System.Diagnostics.Process.GetProcessById(lpdwProcessId).Kill();
                 }
             }
             catch (Exception ex)
             {
                 message = "Delete Excel Process Error:" + ex.Message;
             }

         }

         /// <summary>
         /// 导入Excel
         /// </summary>
         /// <param name="form"></param>
         /// <param name="callback"></param>
         public void ImportExcelToDataTable(Form form, Action<string, DataTable> callback, string SheetName = "Sheet1")
         {
             string Filter = "Excel文件|*.csv|Excel文件|*.xls|Excel文件|*.xlsx";

             OpenFileDialog openFileDialog1 = new OpenFileDialog();
             openFileDialog1.Title = "Excel文件";
             openFileDialog1.Filter = Filter;
             openFileDialog1.ValidateNames = true;
             openFileDialog1.CheckFileExists = true;
             openFileDialog1.CheckPathExists = true;

             if (openFileDialog1.ShowDialog() != DialogResult.OK)
                 return;

             var action = new Action(() =>
             {
                 string localFilePath = openFileDialog1.FileName;
                 if (File.Exists(localFilePath))
                 {
                     string message = string.Empty;
                     string fileExten = Path.GetExtension(localFilePath);

                     DataTable dtExcel;
                     if (fileExten.ToLower().Contains(".csv"))
                     {
                         dtExcel = ImportCSVFile(localFilePath, "Table1", ref message);
                     }
                     else
                     {
                         dtExcel = ImportExcelFile(localFilePath, "Table1", SheetName, ref message);
                     }

                     if (callback != null)
                     {
                         if (form.InvokeRequired)
                         {
                             form.Invoke(callback, message, dtExcel);
                         }
                         else
                         {
                             callback(message, dtExcel);
                         }
                     }
                 }
             });

             action.BeginInvoke(null, null);
         }

         /// <summary>
         /// 执行导入
         /// </summary>
         /// <param name="strFileName">对应文件路径</param>
         /// <param name="typeName">返回的Table名称</param>
         /// <param name="message">返回的错误</param>
         /// <returns>DataTable</returns>
         public DataTable ImportCSVFile(string strFileName, string typeName, ref string message)
         {
             if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(strFileName)) return null;

             string line = string.Empty;
             string[] split = null;
             bool isReplace;
             int subBegion;
             int subEnd;
             string itemString = string.Empty;
             string oldItemString = string.Empty;
             DataTable table = new DataTable(typeName);
             DataRow row = null;
             StreamReader sr = new StreamReader(strFileName, System.Text.Encoding.Default);
             //创建与数据源对应的数据列
             line = sr.ReadLine();
             split = line.Split(',');
             foreach (String colname in split)
             {
                 table.Columns.Add(colname, System.Type.GetType("System.String"));
             }
             //将数据填入数据表
             int j = ;
             while ((line = sr.ReadLine()) != null)
             {
                 subEnd = ;
                 subBegion = ;

                 if (line.IndexOf('\"') > )
                 {
                     isReplace = true;
                 }
                 else
                 {
                     isReplace = false;
                 }
                 itemString = string.Empty;
                 while (isReplace)
                 {

                     subBegion = line.IndexOf('\"');
                     subEnd = line.Length - ;
                     if (line.Length -  > subBegion)
                     {
                         subEnd = line.IndexOf('\"', subBegion + );
                     }

                     if (subEnd - subBegion > )
                     {
                         itemString = line.Substring(subBegion, subEnd - subBegion + );
                         oldItemString = itemString;
                         itemString = itemString.Replace(',', '|').Replace("\"", string.Empty);
                         line = line.Replace(oldItemString, itemString);

                     }

                     if (line.IndexOf('\"') == -)
                     {
                         isReplace = false;
                     }

                 }

                 j = ;
                 row = table.NewRow();
                 split = line.Split(',');
                 foreach (String colname in split)
                 {
                     row[j] = colname.Replace('|', ',');
                     j++;
                 }
                 table.Rows.Add(row);
             }
             sr.Close();
             //显示数据 

             return table;
         }

         /// <summary>
         /// Excel执行导入
         /// </summary>
         /// <param name="strFileName">对应文件路径</param>
         /// <param name="typeName">返回的Table名称</param>
         /// <param name="message">返回的错误</param>
         /// <returns></returns>
         public DataTable ImportExcelFile(string strFileName, string typeName, string SheetName, ref string message)
         {
             if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(strFileName)) return null;
             DataSet Exceldt;
             Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.Application xlApp = new Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.Application();
             OleDbConnection con = new OleDbConnection();
             try
             {
                 //OleDbDataAdapter ExcelO = new OleDbDataAdapter(selectStr, @"Provider=Microsoft.Jet.OLEDB.4.0; Data Source=" + strFileName + ";Extended Properties=Excel 8.0;");
                 string ConnStr = xlApp.Version.CompareTo("11.0") ==  ? @"Provider=Microsoft.Jet.OLEDB.4.0; Data Source=" + strFileName + ";Extended Properties='Excel 8.0;IMEX=1;HDR=YES;'" : @"Provider=Microsoft.ACE.OLEDB.12.0;Extended Properties='Excel 8.0;IMEX=1;HDR=YES'; Data Source=" + strFileName;
                 con.ConnectionString = ConnStr;
                 con.Open();
                 DataTable dtOle = con.GetSchema("Tables");
                 DataTableReader dtReader = new DataTableReader(dtOle);
                 string TableName = "";
                 while (dtReader.Read())
                 {
                     TableName = dtReader["Table_Name"].ToString();
                     break;
                 }
                 OleDbDataAdapter excel = new OleDbDataAdapter(string.Format("select * from [" + SheetName + "$];", TableName), ConnStr);
                 //OleDbDataAdapter excel = new OleDbDataAdapter(selectStr, @"Provider=Microsoft.ACE.OLEDB.12.0;Extended Properties='Excel 8.0;IMEX=1;HDR=YES'; Data Source=" + strFileName);

                 Exceldt = new DataSet();
                 excel.Fill(Exceldt, typeName);
                 return Exceldt.Tables.Count >  ? Exceldt.Tables[] : null;
             }
             catch (OleDbException ex)
             {
                 message = ex.Message;
                 return null;
             }
             catch (Exception ex)
             {
                 message = ex.Message;
                 return null;
             }
             finally
             {
                 con.Close();
             }
         }
     }
 }

4.演示代码

 using System;
 using System.Collections.Generic;
 using System.ComponentModel;
 using System.Data;
 using System.Drawing;
 using System.Linq;
 using System.Text;
 using System.Windows.Forms;

 namespace ExcelDemo
 {
     /// <summary>
     /// 针对Excel写的帮助模型
     /// </summary>
     public partial class Form1 : Form
     {
         #region 变量
         /// <summary>
         /// 导出模板列集合
         /// </summary>
         List<string> columnListOut = new List<string>()
         {
             "列1",
             "列2",
             "列3",
             "列4"
         };

         /// <summary>
         /// 导出模板文件名称
         /// </summary>
         string FileName = "导出模板";

         /// <summary>
         /// Excel底层页签名称
         /// </summary>
         string SheetName = "Excel页签名称";

         /// <summary>
         /// ExcelHelper实例化
         /// </summary>
         ExcelHelper excelHelper = new ExcelHelper();

         #endregion

         #region 初始化、数据加载
         public Form1()
         {
             InitializeComponent();
         }
         #endregion

         #region 控件事件
         /// <summary>
         /// 选择文件
         /// </summary>
         /// <param name="sender"></param>
         /// <param name="e"></param>
         private void btnChooseFile_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
         {
             //对于选择文件转化的DataTable和提示信息msg的委托
             Action<string, DataTable> action = new Action<string, DataTable>((string str, DataTable dt) =>
             {
                 if (dt == null || dt.Rows.Count == )
                 {
                     MessageBox.Show("dt为空的");
                     return;
                 }

                 if (dt.Rows.Count > )
                 {
                     MessageBox.Show("导入的数据已超过最大限制1000条");
                     return;
                 }
                 if (!this.columnListOut.ToArray().All(t => dt.Columns.Contains(t)))
                 {
                     MessageBox.Show("导入的数据字段不匹配");
                     return;
                 }

                 //获取列1的可枚举集合
                 IEnumerable<string> column1List = dt.Rows.Cast<DataRow>().Select(r => r["列1"].ToString());

                 //验证列1必须是整数切不能是负数
                 decimal isDecimal = ;
                 foreach (var item in column1List)
                 {
                     if ((!decimal.TryParse(item, out isDecimal)) && !string.IsNullOrEmpty(item))
                     {
                         MessageBox.Show("列1必须是Decimal类型");
                         return;
                     }
                     if (isDecimal < )
                     {
                         MessageBox.Show("列1不允许是负数");
                         return;
                     }
                 }
                 dt.AcceptChanges();
                 this.dgv.DataSource = dt;
             });
             this.excelHelper.ImportExcelToDataTable(this, action, this.SheetName);
         }

         /// <summary>
         /// 导出模板
         /// </summary>
         /// <param name="sender"></param>
         /// <param name="e"></param>
         private void btnOut_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
         {
             string[] columnList = this.columnListOut.ToArray();
             string msg = string.Empty;
             this.excelHelper.SaveExcelTemplate(columnList, this.FileName, this.SheetName, ref msg);
         }

         #endregion
     }
 }

5.演示

6.源代码下载