python第三方库学习(2)：requests

Make a Request

r = requests.get('https://github.com/timeline.json')

Passing Parameters In URLs
payload = {'key1': 'value1', 'key2': 'value2'}
r = requests.get("http://httpbin.org/get", params=payload)
print(r.url)

Response Content
>>> r = requests.get('https://github.com/timeline.json')
>>> r.text
u'[{"repository":{"open_issues":0,"url":"https://github.com/...
>>> r.encoding
'utf-8'
>>> r.encoding = 'ISO-8859-1'

Binary Response Content
>>> r.content
b'[{"repository":{"open_issues":0,"url":"https://github.com/...
>>> from PIL import Image
>>> from StringIO import StringIO
>>> i = Image.open(StringIO(r.content))

JSON Response Content
>>> import requests
>>> r = requests.get('https://github.com/timeline.json')
>>> r.json()
[{u'repository': {u'open_issues': 0, u'url': 'https://github.com/..

Raw Response Content
>>> r = requests.get('https://github.com/timeline.json', stream=True)
>>> r.raw
<requests.packages.urllib3.response.HTTPResponse object at 0x101194810>
>>> r.raw.read(10)
'\x1f\x8b\x08\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x03'

Custom Headers
>>> import json
>>> url = 'https://api.github.com/some/endpoint'
>>> payload = {'some': 'data'}
>>> headers = {'content-type': 'application/json'}
>>> r = requests.post(url, data=json.dumps(payload), headers=headers)

More complicated POST requests
>>> payload = {'key1': 'value1', 'key2': 'value2'}
>>> r = requests.post("http://httpbin.org/post", data=payload)
>>> print r.text
{
...
"form": {
"key2": "value2",
"key1": "value1"
},
...
}

POST a Multipart-Encoded File
>>> url = 'http://httpbin.org/post'
>>> files = {'file': open('report.xls', 'rb')}
>>> r = requests.post(url, files=files)
>>> r.text
{
...
"files": {
"file": "<censored...binary...data>"
},
...
}

Response Status Codes
>>> r = requests.get('http://httpbin.org/get')
>>> r.status_code
200

Response Headers
>>> r.headers
{
'content-encoding': 'gzip',
'transfer-encoding': 'chunked',
'connection': 'close',
'server': 'nginx/1.0.4',
'x-runtime': '148ms',
'etag': '"e1ca502697e5c9317743dc078f67693f"',
'content-type': 'application/json'
}

Cookies
>>> url = 'http://httpbin.org/cookies'
>>> cookies = dict(cookies_are='working')
>>> r = requests.get(url, cookies=cookies)
>>> r.text
'{"cookies": {"cookies_are": "working"}}'

Redirection and History
>>> r = requests.get('http://github.com', allow_redirects=False)
>>> r.status_code
301
>>> r.history
[]

Timeouts
>>> requests.get('http://github.com', timeout=0.001)
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "<stdin>", line 1, in <module>
requests.exceptions.Timeout: HTTPConnectionPool(host='github.com', port=80): Request timed out. (timeout=0.001)