Django 练习班级管理系统八 -- 上传文件

Form表单上传文件

修改 views.py

import os

def upload(request):
    if request.method == 'GET':
        img_list = models.Img.objects.all()
        return render(request, 'upload.html', {'img_list': img_list})
    elif request.method == 'POST':
        name = request.POST.get('user')
        obj = request.FILES.get('fafafa')

        # 保存上传的文件
        file_path = os.path.join('static', 'upload', obj.name)
        f = open(file_path, 'wb')
        for chunk in obj.chunks():
            f.write(chunk)
        f.close()

        models.Img.objects.create(path=file_path)

        # 返回并刷新页面
        return redirect('upload.html')

修改 models.py

class Img(models.Model):
    path = models.CharField(max_length=128)

在 templates 下添加 upload.html 文件，内容如下

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <title>Title</title>
</head>
<body>
    <form method="post" action="/upload.html" enctype="multipart/form-data">
        <input type="text" name="user" />
        <input type="file" name="fafafa" />
        <input type="submit" value="提交" />
    </form>

    <div>
        {% for item in img_list %}
            <img style="height: 200px; width: 200px;" src="/{{ item.path }}">
        {% endfor %}
    </div>

</body>
</html>

修改 urls.py

# 添加
re_path('upload.html', views.upload),

重新生成数据库

python manage.py makemigrations
python manage.py migrate

Ajax 上传文件

修改 upload.html 文件

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <title>Title</title>
    <style>
        .container img{
            width: 200px;
            height: 200px;
        }
    </style>
</head>
<body>
    <div class="container" id="imgs">
        {% for img in img_list %}
            <img src="/{{ img.path }}">
        {% endfor %}

    </div>
    <input type="file" id="img" />
    <input type="button" value="提交XML" onclick="UploadXML()" />
    <input type="button" value="提交JQ" onclick="Uploadjq()" />

<script src="/static/jquery.min.js"></script>
<script>
    function UploadXML() {
        var dic = new FormData();             // 通过FormData构造函数创建一个空对象
        dic.append('user', 'v1');             // 通过append()方法在末尾追加 key 为 user 值为 v1 的数据
        dic.append('fafafa', document.getElementById('img').files[0]);

        var xml = new XMLHttpRequest();
        xml.open('post', '/upload.html', true); // 参数说明: 请求方式；请求路径；是否异步处理，true为异步
        xml.onreadystatechange = function () {  // readyState 改变时触发
            if(xml.readyState == 4){            // xml.readyState: XMLHttpRequest对象的状态，等于4表示数据已经接收完毕。
                var obj = JSON.parse(xml.responseText);   // responseText 服务器接收到的响应体（不包括头部）
                if(obj.status){
                    var img = document.createElement('img');  // 创建一个元素
                    img.src = "/"+obj.path;
                    document.getElementById('imgs').appendChild(img);
                }
            }

        };
        xml.send(dic);  // 发送 HTTP 请求，使用传递给 open() 方法的参数，以及传递给该方法的可选请求体。
    }

    function Uploadjq() {
        var dic = new FormData();
        dic.append('user', 'v1');
        dic.append('fafafa', document.getElementById('img').files[0]);

        $.ajax({
            url: 'upload.html',
            type: 'POST',
            data: dic,
            processData: false,            // jQuery不要去处理发送的数据
            contentType: false,            // jQuery不要去设置Content-Type请求头
            dataType: 'JSON',
            success: function (arg) {   // 响应的数据是 arg
                if(arg.status){
                    var img = document.createElement('img');
                    img.src = "/" + arg.path;
                    $('#imgs').append(img);
                }
            }
        })

    }
</script>

</body>
</html>

修改 views.py 文件

import os
import json

def upload(request):
    if request.method == 'GET':
        img_list = models.Img.objects.all()
        return render(request, 'upload.html', {'img_list': img_list})
    elif request.method == 'POST':
        user = request.POST.get('user')
        obj = request.FILES.get('fafafa')

        file_path = os.path.join('static', 'upload', obj.name)
        f = open(file_path, 'wb')
        for chunk in obj.chunks():
            f.write(chunk)
        f.close()

        models.Img.objects.create(path=file_path)
        ret = {'status': True, 'path': file_path}             # 返回响应数据是字典

        return HttpResponse(json.dumps(ret))

基于iframe实现form上传文件

修改 upload.html

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <title>Title</title>
    <style>
        .container img{
            width: 200px;
            height: 200px;
        }
    </style>
</head>
<body>
    <!--
    <h1>测试Iframe功能</h1>
    <input type="text" id="url" />
    <input type="button" value="点我" onclick="iframeChange();" />
    <iframe id="ifr" src=""></iframe>
    <hr/>
    -->
    <h1>基于iframe实现form提交</h1>
    <!-- 表单提交的 target 为 iframe_2 -->
    <form action="/upload.html" method="post" target="iframe_2" enctype="multipart/form-data">
        <!-- onload 事件的用处: 当页面载入完毕后执行Javascript代码 -->
        <iframe style="display: none" id="iframe_1" name="iframe_2" src="" onload="loadIframe();"></iframe>
        <input type="text" name="user" />
        <input type="file" name="fafafa" />
        <input type="submit" />
    </form>

    <div class="container" id="imgs">
        {% for img in img_list %}
            <img src="/{{ img.path }}">
        {% endfor %}

    </div>
    <input type="file" id="img" />
    <input type="button" value="提交XML" onclick="UploadXML()" />
    <input type="button" value="提交JQ" onclick="Uploadjq()" />

<script src="/static/jquery.min.js"></script>
<script>
    function UploadXML() {
        var dic = new FormData();
        dic.append('user', 'v1');
        dic.append('fafafa', document.getElementById('img').files[0]);

        var xml = new XMLHttpRequest();
        xml.open('post', '/upload.html', true);
        xml.onreadystatechange = function () {
            if(xml.readyState == 4){
                var obj = JSON.parse(xml.responseText);
                if(obj.status){
                    var img = document.createElement('img');
                    img.src = "/"+obj.path;
                    document.getElementById('imgs').appendChild(img);
                }
            }

        };
        xml.send(dic);
    }

    function Uploadjq() {
        var dic = new FormData();
        dic.append('user', 'v1');
        dic.append('fafafa', document.getElementById('img').files[0]);

        $.ajax({
            url: 'upload.html',
            type: 'POST',
            data: dic,
            processData: false,
            contentType: false,
            dataType: 'JSON',
            success: function (arg) {
                if(arg.status){
                    var img = document.createElement('img');
                    img.src = "/" + arg.path;
                    $('#imgs').append(img);
                }
            }
        })

    }

    function iframeChange() {
        var url = $('#url').val();
        $('#ifr').attr('src', url);
    }

    function loadIframe() {
        var str_json = $('#iframe_1').contents().find('body').text(); //根据view.py 的定义，服务端返回的内容为：{"status": true, "path": "static\\upload\\1.png"}
        var obj = JSON.parse(str_json);
        if (obj.status){
            var img = document.createElement('img');
            img.src = "/" + obj.path;
            $('#imgs').append(img);
        }
    }
</script>

</body>
</html>