ubuntu下如何查看软件安装目录以及安装版本

1)aptitude show 软件名

例如aptitude show kde-runtime

显示如下

1. ****@ubuntu:~$ aptitude show kde-runtime
2. 软件包： kde-runtime
3. 状态: 未安装
4. 版本号： 4:4.8.1-0ubuntu1
5. 优先级： 可选
6. 部分： kde
7. 维护者： Kubuntu Developers <kubuntu-devel@lists.ubuntu.com>
8. 未压缩尺寸： 9,607 k
9. 依赖于: libasound2 (>= 1.0.23), libattica0.3 (>= 0.3.0), libc6 (>= 2.15),
10. libcanberra0 (>= 0.2), libexiv2-11, libgcc1 (>= 1:4.1.1), libjpeg8
11. (>= 8c), libkcmutils4 (>= 4:4.8.1), libkdeclarative5 (>= 4:4.7.0),
12. libkdecore5 (>= 4:4.8.1), libkdesu5 (>= 4:4.8.1), libkdeui5 (>=
13. 4:4.8.1), libkdewebkit5 (>= 4:4.8.1), libkdnssd4 (>= 4:4.8.1),
14. libkemoticons4 (>= 4:4.8.1), libkfile4 (>= 4:4.8.1), libkhtml5 (>=
15. 4:4.8.1), libkidletime4 (>= 4:4.8.1), libkio5 (>= 4:4.8.1),
16. libkmediaplayer4 (>= 4:4.8.1), libknewstuff3-4 (>= 4:4.8.1),
17. libknotifyconfig4 (>= 4:4.8.1), libkparts4 (>= 4:4.8.1), libkpty4 (>=
18. 4:4.8.1), libnepomuk4 (>= 4:4.8.1), libnepomukdatamanagement4 (>=
19. 4:4.8.1), libnepomukquery4a (>= 4:4.8.1), libnepomuksync4 (>=
20. 4:4.8.1), libntrack-qt4-1 (>= 005), libopenexr6 (>= 1.6.1),
21. libphonon4 (>= 4:4.7.0really4.5.0), libplasma3 (>= 4:4.8.1),
22. libpulse-mainloop-glib0 (>= 1:0.99.1), libpulse0 (>= 1:0.99.1),
23. libqt4-dbus (>= 4:4.6.1), libqt4-declarative (>= 4:4.7.0~rc1),
24. libqt4-network (>= 4:4.5.3), libqt4-script (>= 4:4.6.1), libqt4-svg
25. (>= 4:4.5.3), libqt4-xml (>= 4:4.5.3), libqtcore4 (>= 4:4.8.0),
26. libqtgui4 (>= 4:4.8.0), libqtwebkit4 (>= 2.2~2011week36),
27. libsmbclient (>= 2:3.2.0), libsolid4 (>= 4:4.8.1), libsoprano4 (>=
28. 2.6.51), libssh-4 (>= 0.3.91), libstdc++6 (>= 4.6),
29. libstreamanalyzer0 (>= 0.7.7), libstreams0 (>= 0.7.7), libx11-6,
30. libxcursor1 (> 1.1.2), phonon, perl, kde-runtime-data (>=
31. 4:4.8.1-0ubuntu1), kdelibs5-plugins (>= 4:4.8.1), oxygen-icon-theme
32. (>= 4:4.6), shared-desktop-ontologies, plasma-scriptengine-javascript
33. (= 4:4.8.1-0ubuntu1)
34. 推荐: udisks, upower, virtuoso-minimal, kubuntu-debug-installer, icoutils,
35. libcanberra-pulse | libcanberra-gstreamer
36. 建议: djvulibre-bin, finger
37. 冲突: kdelibs4-dev
38. 破坏: kdebase-runtime (< 4:4.6.80), kdebase-runtime-bin-kde4,
39. kdebase-runtime-data (< 4:4.4.80), kdebase-workspace-bin (< 4:4.6),
40. kdebluetooth (< 1.0~beta7-1), kdelibs5 (< 4:4.4.80), kdelibs5-plugins (<
41. 4:4.5), nepomukcontroller, plasma-netbook (< 4:4.5.95),
42. plasma-scriptengine-declarative, plasma-scriptengine-javascript (<
43. 4:4.6.80)
44. 代替: kdebase-runtime (< 4:4.6.80), kdebase-runtime-bin-kde4,
45. kdebase-runtime-data (< 4:4.4.80), kdebase-workspace-bin (< 4:4.6),
46. kdebluetooth (< 1.0~beta7-1), kdelibs5 (< 4:4.4.80), kdelibs5-plugins (<
47. 4:4.5), nepomukcontroller, plasma-netbook (< 4:4.5.95),
48. plasma-scriptengine-declarative, plasma-scriptengine-javascript (<
49. 4:4.6.80)
50. 描述： runtime components from the official KDE release
51. KDE is produced by an international technology team that creates free and open
52. source software for desktop and portable computing. Among KDE's products are a
53. modern desktop system for Linux and UNIX platforms, comprehensive office
54. productivity and groupware suites and hundreds of software titles in many
55. categories including Internet and web applications, multimedia, entertainment,
56. educational, graphics and software development.
57. This package contains programs and data needed at runtime by KDE applications.
58. 主页： http://www.kde.org/

软件名

例如dpkg -l gedit

1. *****@ubuntu:~$ dpkg -l gedit
2. 期望状态=未知(u)/安装(i)/删除(r)/清除(p)/保持(h)
3. | 状态=未安装(n)/已安装(i)/仅存配置(c)/仅解压缩(U)/配置失败(F)/不完全安装(H)/触发器等待(W)/触发器未决(T)
4. |/ 错误?=(无)/须重装(R) (状态，错误：大写=故障)
5. ||/ 名称         版本         描述
6. +++-==============-==============-============================================
7. ii  gedit          3.3.8-0ubuntu1 official text editor of the GNOME desktop en

2.查询安装路径

例如dpkg -L gedit

1. *****@ubuntu:~$ dpkg -L gedit
2. /.
3. /usr
4. /usr/bin
5. /usr/bin/gedit
6. /usr/share
7. /usr/share/applications
8. /usr/share/applications/gedit.desktop
9. /usr/share/dbus-1
10. /usr/share/dbus-1/services
11. /usr/share/dbus-1/services/org.gnome.gedit.service
12. /usr/share/bug
13. /usr/share/bug/gedit
14. /usr/share/bug/gedit/script
15. /usr/share/pyshared
16. /usr/share/pyshared/gi
17. /usr/share/pyshared/gi/overrides
18. /usr/share/pyshared/gi/overrides/Gedit.py
19. /usr/share/gedit
20. /usr/share/gedit/gedit-bugreport
21. /usr/share/lintian
22. /usr/share/lintian/overrides
23. /usr/share/lintian/overrides/gedit
24. /usr/share/menu
25. /usr/share/menu/gedit
26. /usr/share/doc
27. /usr/share/doc/gedit
28. /usr/share/doc/gedit/README
29. /usr/share/doc/gedit/BUGS
30. /usr/share/doc/gedit/copyright
31. /usr/share/doc/gedit/NEWS.gz
32. /usr/share/doc/gedit/AUTHORS
33. /usr/share/doc/gedit/changelog.Debian.gz
34. /usr/share/python
35. /usr/share/python/runtime.d
36. /usr/share/python/runtime.d/gedit.rtupdate
37. /usr/lib
38. /usr/lib/gedit
39. /usr/lib/gedit/girepository-1.0
40. /usr/lib/gedit/girepository-1.0/Gedit-3.0.typelib
41. /usr/lib/gedit/plugins
42. /usr/lib/gedit/plugins/libmodelines.so
43. /usr/lib/gedit/plugins/zeitgeist.plugin
44. /usr/lib/gedit/plugins/time.plugin
45. /usr/lib/gedit/plugins/libspell.so
46. /usr/lib/gedit/plugins/libtime.so
47. /usr/lib/gedit/plugins/quickopen.plugin
48. /usr/lib/gedit/plugins/libsort.so
49. /usr/lib/gedit/plugins/externaltools
50. /usr/lib/gedit/plugins/externaltools/outputpanel.py
51. /usr/lib/gedit/plugins/externaltools/windowactivatable.py
52. /usr/lib/gedit/plugins/externaltools/manager.py
53. /usr/lib/gedit/plugins/externaltools/capture.py
54. /usr/lib/gedit/plugins/externaltools/library.py
55. /usr/lib/gedit/plugins/externaltools/filelookup.py
56. /usr/lib/gedit/plugins/externaltools/__init__.py
57. /usr/lib/gedit/plugins/externaltools/functions.py
58. /usr/lib/gedit/plugins/externaltools/linkparsing.py
59. /usr/lib/gedit/plugins/pythonconsole.plugin
60. /usr/lib/gedit/plugins/docinfo.plugin
61. /usr/lib/gedit/plugins/changecase.plugin
62. /usr/lib/gedit/plugins/modelines.plugin
63. /usr/lib/gedit/plugins/snippets
64. /usr/lib/gedit/plugins/snippets/placeholder.py
65. /usr/lib/gedit/plugins/snippets/shareddata.py
66. /usr/lib/gedit/plugins/snippets/substitutionparser.py
67. /usr/lib/gedit/plugins/snippets/snippet.py
68. /usr/lib/gedit/plugins/snippets/completion.py
69. /usr/lib/gedit/plugins/snippets/exporter.py
70. /usr/lib/gedit/plugins/snippets/singleton.py
71. /usr/lib/gedit/plugins/snippets/windowactivatable.py
72. /usr/lib/gedit/plugins/snippets/document.py
73. /usr/lib/gedit/plugins/snippets/appactivatable.py
74. /usr/lib/gedit/plugins/snippets/languagemanager.py
75. /usr/lib/gedit/plugins/snippets/importer.py
76. /usr/lib/gedit/plugins/snippets/manager.py
77. /usr/lib/gedit/plugins/snippets/library.py
78. /usr/lib/gedit/plugins/snippets/signals.py
79. /usr/lib/gedit/plugins/snippets/__init__.py
80. /usr/lib/gedit/plugins/snippets/helper.py
81. /usr/lib/gedit/plugins/snippets/parser.py
82. /usr/lib/gedit/plugins/sort.plugin
83. /usr/lib/gedit/plugins/externaltools.plugin
84. /usr/lib/gedit/plugins/spell.plugin
85. /usr/lib/gedit/plugins/quickopen
86. /usr/lib/gedit/plugins/quickopen/popup.py
87. /usr/lib/gedit/plugins/quickopen/__init__.py
88. /usr/lib/gedit/plugins/quickopen/virtualdirs.py
89. /usr/lib/gedit/plugins/libchangecase.so
90. /usr/lib/gedit/plugins/filebrowser.plugin
91. /usr/lib/gedit/plugins/pythonconsole
92. /usr/lib/gedit/plugins/pythonconsole/__init__.py
93. /usr/lib/gedit/plugins/pythonconsole/console.py
94. /usr/lib/gedit/plugins/pythonconsole/config.py
95. /usr/lib/gedit/plugins/snippets.plugin
96. /usr/lib/gedit/plugins/libdocinfo.so
97. /usr/lib/gedit/plugins/libzeitgeistplugin.so
98. /usr/lib/gedit/plugins/libfilebrowser.so
99. /usr/lib/python2.7
100. /usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages
101. /usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/gi
102. /usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/gi/overrides
103. /usr/lib/libgedit-private.so.0.0.0
104. /usr/lib/libgedit-private.so.0
105. /usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/gi/overrides/Gedit.py

或者

2)whereis 软件名

例如whereis gedit