pytest测试实战和练习

开头

经过前面几章的学习，这时候要来个测试实战会比较好巩固一下学过的知识

任务要求

1、实现计算器（加法，除法）的测试用例

2、使用数据驱动完成测试用例的自动生成

3、在调用测试方法之前打印【开始计算】，在调用测试方法之后打印【计算结束】

目录结构

目录解析

datas/calc_list.yaml yaml文件用来保存相关的测试用例 要使用yaml先得安装yaml相关的包 pyyaml

result目录为pytest生成的来存放测试报告的目录

calc.py 为 计算器通用函数的一个类

test_cala.py 执行pytest测试用例的文件

calc_list.yaml

# 计算器的测试用例合集
calc_case:
  add_list:
      - [1,2,3]
      - [100,200,300]
      - [0.1,0.2,0.3]
      - [-1,-2,-3]
      - [-0.1, 0.2, 0.3]

  sub_list:
      - [2,1,1]
      - [300,200,100]
      - [0.1,0.2,-0.1]
      - [-1,-2, 1]
      - [-0.1, -0.2, 0.3]

  mul_list:
      - [1,2,2]
      - [100,200,20000]
      - [0.1,0.2,0.02]
      - [-1,-2,2]
      - [-0.1, 0.2, 0.2]

  div_list:
      - [1,2,0.5]
      - [100,200,0.5]
      - [0.1,0.2,0.5]
      - [-1,-2,0.5]
      - [-0.1, 0, 0]
  all_ids:
      - 'int'
      - 'bigint'
      - 'float'
      - 'negative'
      - 'fail'

calc.py

# 计算器
class Calculator:
    def add(self, a, b):
        return a + b

    def sub(self, a, b):
        return a - b

    def mul(self, a, b):
        return a * b

    def division(self, a, b):
        return a / b

test_calc.py

from calc import Calculator
import yaml
import pytest
import allure

with open('./datas/calc_list.yaml', 'r', encoding='utf-8') as f:
    datas = yaml.safe_load(f)['calc_case']
    add_list = datas['add_list']  # 加法测试用例
    sub_list = datas['sub_list']  # 减法测试用例
    mul_list = datas['mul_list']  # 乘法测试用例
    div_list = datas['div_list']  # 除法测试用例
    ids = datas['all_ids']  # 全部的标签
    print(datas)

@allure.feature("计算器模块")
class TestCalc:
    def setup_class(self):
        print("计算器开始计算")
        self.calc = Calculator()

    def teardown_class(self):
        print("计算器结束计算")

    @allure.story("加法运算")
    @pytest.mark.parametrize("a, b, expect", add_list, ids=ids)
    def test_add(self, a, b, expect):
        with allure.step(f"输入测试用例{a}, {b}, 预期结果为{expect}"):
            result = self.calc.add(a, b)
            if isinstance(result, float):  # 判断浮点数
                result = round(result, 2)
        assert expect == result

    @allure.story("减法运算")
    @pytest.mark.parametrize("a, b, expect", sub_list, ids=ids)
    def test_sub(self, a, b, expect):
        with allure.step(f"输入测试用例{a}, {b}, 预期结果为{expect}"):
            result = self.calc.sub(a, b)
            if isinstance(result, float):  # 判断浮点数
                result = round(result, 2)
        assert expect == result

    @allure.story("乘法运算")
    @pytest.mark.parametrize("a, b, expect", mul_list, ids=ids)
    def test_mul(self, a, b, expect):
        with allure.step(f"输入测试用例{a}, {b}, 预期结果为{expect}"):
            result = self.calc.mul(a, b)
            if isinstance(result, float):  # 判断浮点数
                result = round(result, 2)
        assert expect == result

    @allure.story("除法运算")
    @pytest.mark.parametrize("a, b, expect", div_list, ids=ids)
    def test_div(self, a, b, expect):
        with allure.step(f"输入测试用例{a}, {b}, 预期结果为{expect}"):
            result = self.calc.division(a, b)
            if isinstance(result, float):  # 判断浮点数
                result = round(result, 2)
        assert expect == result

if __name__ == '__main__':
    # pytest.main(["-vs", "test_calc.py::TestCalc::test_div"])  # 不需要allure的时候执行, 指定某个测试用例
    pytest.main(["--alluredir=result/2", "test_calc.py"])  # 生成allure
    # 查看allure用例 allure serve .\result\2\

生成的allure如图所示

任务改写2

1、改造 计算器 测试用例，使用fixture函数获取计算器的实例

2、计算之前打印开始计算，计算之后打印结束计算

3、添加用例日志，并将日志保存到日志文件目录下

4、生成测试报告，展示测试用例的标题，用例步骤，与测试日志，截图附到课程贴下

目录结构

目录解析

datas/calc_list.yaml yaml文件用来保存相关的测试用例 要使用yaml先得安装yaml相关的包 pyyaml

result目录为pytest生成的来存放测试报告的目录

calc.py 为 计算器通用函数的一个类

test_cala2.py 执行pytest测试用例的文件

conftest.py 为所有测试用例执行前都会执行到这个的文件,要有__init__.py文件跟在同目录下

pytest.ini pytest框架的一个设置， 可以设置开启日志

conftest.py 用fixture改写：

import pytest
from .calc import Calculator

@pytest.fixture(scope="class")
def get_cal():
    print("====实例化计算器, 开始计算===")
    cal = Calculator()
    yield cal
    print("====计算完成====")

pytest.ini 增加保存的日志

[pytest]
log_cli=true
log_level=NOTSET
log_format = %(asctime)s %(levelname)s %(message)s
log_date_format = %Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S
addopts = -vs

log_file = ./test.log
log_file_level = info
log_file_format = %(asctime)s %(levelname)s %(message)s
log_file_date_format = %Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S

test_cala2.py 改写第一部分

import yaml
import allure
import pytest
import logging

logging.basicConfig(level=logging.info)
logger = logging.getLogger()

with open('./datas/calc_list.yaml', 'r', encoding='utf-8') as f:
    datas = yaml.safe_load(f)['calc_case']
    add_list = datas['add_list']  # 加法测试用例
    sub_list = datas['sub_list']  # 减法测试用例
    mul_list = datas['mul_list']  # 乘法测试用例
    div_list = datas['div_list']  # 除法测试用例
    ids = datas['all_ids']  # 全部的标签
    print(datas)

@allure.feature("计算器模块")
class TestCalc2:
    @allure.story("加法运算")
    @pytest.mark.parametrize("a, b, expect", add_list, ids=ids)
    def test_add(self, a, b, expect, get_cal):
        logger.info('增加加法日志')
        with allure.step(f"输入测试用例{a}, {b}, 预期结果为{expect}"):
            result = get_cal.add(a, b)
            if isinstance(result, float):  # 判断浮点数
                result = round(result, 2)
        assert expect == result

    @allure.story("减法运算")
    @pytest.mark.parametrize("a, b, expect", sub_list, ids=ids)
    def test_sub(self, a, b, expect, get_cal):
        with allure.step(f"输入测试用例{a}, {b}, 预期结果为{expect}"):
            result = get_cal.sub(a, b)
            if isinstance(result, float):  # 判断浮点数
                result = round(result, 2)
        assert expect == result

    @allure.story("乘法运算")
    @pytest.mark.parametrize("a, b, expect", mul_list, ids=ids)
    def test_mul(self, a, b, expect, get_cal):
        with allure.step(f"输入测试用例{a}, {b}, 预期结果为{expect}"):
            result = get_cal.mul(a, b)
            if isinstance(result, float):  # 判断浮点数
                result = round(result, 2)
        assert expect == result

    @allure.story("除法运算")
    @pytest.mark.parametrize("a, b, expect", div_list, ids=ids)
    def test_div(self, a, b, expect, get_cal):
        with allure.step(f"输入测试用例{a}, {b}, 预期结果为{expect}"):
            result = get_cal.division(a, b)
            if isinstance(result, float):  # 判断浮点数
                result = round(result, 2)
                print(result)
        assert expect == result

if __name__ == '__main__':
    # pytest.main(["-vs", "test_calc2.py::TestCalc2::test_add"])  # 不需要allure的时候执行, 指定某个测试用例
    pytest.main(["--alluredir=result/3", "test_calc2.py"])  # 生成allure
    # 查看allure用例 allure serve .\result\2\

最后完结。