System.Web.Mvc 找到的程序集清单定义与程序集引用不匹配

System.IO.FileLoadException: 未能加载文件或程序集“System.Web.Mvc, Version=5.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=31bf3856ad364e35”或它的某一个依赖项。找到的程序集清单定义与程序集引用不匹配。 (异常来自 HRESULT:0x80131040)
文件名:“System.Web.Mvc, Version=5.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=31bf3856ad364e35”
在 System.RuntimeTypeHandle.GetTypeByName(String name, Boolean throwOnError, Boolean ignoreCase, Boolean reflectionOnly, StackCrawlMarkHandle stackMark, IntPtr pPrivHostBinder, Boolean loadTypeFromPartialName, ObjectHandleOnStack type)
在 System.RuntimeTypeHandle.GetTypeByName(String name, Boolean throwOnError, Boolean ignoreCase, Boolean reflectionOnly, StackCrawlMark& stackMark, IntPtr pPrivHostBinder, Boolean loadTypeFromPartialName)
在 System.RuntimeType.GetType(String typeName, Boolean throwOnError, Boolean ignoreCase, Boolean reflectionOnly, StackCrawlMark& stackMark)
在 System.Type.GetType(String typeName, Boolean throwOnError, Boolean ignoreCase)
在 System.Web.Compilation.BuildManager.GetType(String typeName, Boolean throwOnError, Boolean ignoreCase)
在 System.Web.WebPages.Razor.WebRazorHostFactory.DefaultTypeFactory(String typeName)
在 System.Web.WebPages.Razor.WebRazorHostFactory.CreateFactory(String typeName)
在 System.Collections.Concurrent.ConcurrentDictionary`2.GetOrAdd(TKey key, Func`2 valueFactory)
在 System.Web.WebPages.Razor.WebRazorHostFactory.CreateHostFromConfigCore(RazorWebSectionGroup config, String virtualPath, String physicalPath)
在 System.Web.WebPages.Razor.WebRazorHostFactory.CreateHostFromConfig(String virtualPath, String physicalPath)
在 System.Web.WebPages.Razor.RazorBuildProvider.GetHostFromConfig()
在 System.Web.WebPages.Razor.RazorBuildProvider.CreateHost()
在 System.Web.WebPages.Razor.RazorBuildProvider.EnsureGeneratedCode()
在 System.Web.WebPages.Razor.RazorBuildProvider.get_CodeCompilerType()
在 System.Web.Compilation.BuildProvider.GetCompilerTypeFromBuildProvider(BuildProvider buildProvider)
在 System.Web.Compilation.BuildProvidersCompiler.ProcessBuildProviders()
在 System.Web.Compilation.BuildProvidersCompiler.PerformBuild()
在 System.Web.Compilation.BuildManager.CompileWebFile(VirtualPath virtualPath)
在 System.Web.Compilation.BuildManager.GetVPathBuildResultInternal(VirtualPath virtualPath, Boolean noBuild, Boolean allowCrossApp, Boolean allowBuildInPrecompile, Boolean throwIfNotFound, Boolean ensureIsUpToDate)
在 System.Web.Compilation.BuildManager.GetVPathBuildResultWithNoAssert(HttpContext context, VirtualPath virtualPath, Boolean noBuild, Boolean allowCrossApp, Boolean allowBuildInPrecompile, Boolean throwIfNotFound, Boolean ensureIsUpToDate)
在 System.Web.Compilation.BuildManager.GetVirtualPathObjectFactory(VirtualPath virtualPath, HttpContext context, Boolean allowCrossApp, Boolean throwIfNotFound)
在 System.Web.Compilation.BuildManager.GetCompiledType(VirtualPath virtualPath)
在 System.Web.Compilation.BuildManager.GetCompiledType(String virtualPath)
在 System.Web.Mvc.BuildManagerWrapper.System.Web.Mvc.IBuildManager.GetCompiledType(String virtualPath)
在 System.Web.Mvc.BuildManagerCompiledView.Render(ViewContext viewContext, TextWriter writer)
在 System.Web.Mvc.ViewResultBase.ExecuteResult(ControllerContext context)
在 System.Web.Mvc.ControllerActionInvoker.InvokeActionResult(ControllerContext controllerContext, ActionResult actionResult)
在 System.Web.Mvc.ControllerActionInvoker.InvokeActionResultFilterRecursive(IList`1 filters, Int32 filterIndex, ResultExecutingContext preContext, ControllerContext controllerContext, ActionResult actionResult)
在 System.Web.Mvc.ControllerActionInvoker.InvokeActionResultFilterRecursive(IList`1 filters, Int32 filterIndex, ResultExecutingContext preContext, ControllerContext controllerContext, ActionResult actionResult)
在 System.Web.Mvc.ControllerActionInvoker.InvokeActionResultFilterRecursive(IList`1 filters, Int32 filterIndex, ResultExecutingContext preContext, ControllerContext controllerContext, ActionResult actionResult)
在 System.Web.Mvc.ControllerActionInvoker.InvokeActionResultWithFilters(ControllerContext controllerContext, IList`1 filters, ActionResult actionResult)
在 System.Web.Mvc.ControllerActionInvoker.InvokeAction(ControllerContext controllerContext, String actionName)

警告: 程序集绑定日志记录被关闭。
要启用程序集绑定失败日志记录，请将注册表值 [HKLM\Software\Microsoft\Fusion!EnableLog] (DWORD)设置为 1。
注意: 会有一些与程序集绑定失败日志记录关联的性能损失。
要关闭此功能，请移除注册表值 [HKLM\Software\Microsoft\Fusion!EnableLog]。

原因是在mvc 下面的 Views-》Web.config的节点system.web.webPages.razor

  <system.web.webPages.razor>
    <host factoryType="System.Web.Mvc.MvcWebRazorHostFactory, System.Web.Mvc, Version=5.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=31BF3856AD364E35" />
    <pages pageBaseType="System.Web.Mvc.WebViewPage">
      <namespaces>
        <add namespace="System.Web.Mvc" />
        <add namespace="System.Web.Mvc.Ajax" />
        <add namespace="System.Web.Mvc.Html" />
        <add namespace="System.Web.Optimization" />
        <add namespace="System.Web.Routing" />
        <add namespace="Ruankaowang_Web" />
      </namespaces>
    </pages>
  </system.web.webPages.razor>

改为

<system.web.webPages.razor>
      <host factoryType="System.Web.Mvc.MvcWebRazorHostFactory, System.Web.Mvc, Version=5.2.3.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=31BF3856AD364E35" />
      <pages pageBaseType="System.Web.Mvc.WebViewPage">
        <namespaces>
          <add namespace="System.Web.Mvc" />
          <add namespace="System.Web.Mvc.Ajax" />
          <add namespace="System.Web.Mvc.Html" />
          <add namespace="System.Web.Optimization"/>
          <add namespace="System.Web.Routing" />
          <add namespace="Ruankaowang_Web" />
        </namespaces>
      </pages>
    </system.web.webPages.razor>

还有web下面的packages.config

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<packages>
  <package id="Antlr" version="3.4.1.9004" targetFramework="net45" />
  <package id="bootstrap" version="3.0.0" targetFramework="net45" />
  <package id="jQuery" version="1.10.2" targetFramework="net45" />
  <package id="Microsoft.AspNet.Mvc" version="5.0.0" targetFramework="net45" />
  <package id="Microsoft.AspNet.Mvc.zh-Hans" version="5.0.0" targetFramework="net45" />
  <package id="Microsoft.AspNet.Razor" version="3.0.0" targetFramework="net45" />
  <package id="Microsoft.AspNet.Razor.zh-Hans" version="3.0.0" targetFramework="net45" />
  <package id="Microsoft.AspNet.Web.Optimization" version="1.1.1" targetFramework="net45" />
  <package id="Microsoft.AspNet.Web.Optimization.zh-Hans" version="1.1.1" targetFramework="net45" />
  <package id="Microsoft.AspNet.WebApi" version="5.0.0" targetFramework="net45" />
  <package id="Microsoft.AspNet.WebApi.Client" version="5.0.0" targetFramework="net45" />
  <package id="Microsoft.AspNet.WebApi.Client.zh-Hans" version="5.0.0" targetFramework="net45" />
  <package id="Microsoft.AspNet.WebApi.Core" version="5.0.0" targetFramework="net45" />
  <package id="Microsoft.AspNet.WebApi.Core.zh-Hans" version="5.0.0" targetFramework="net45" />
  <package id="Microsoft.AspNet.WebApi.HelpPage" version="5.0.0" targetFramework="net45" />
  <package id="Microsoft.AspNet.WebApi.WebHost" version="5.0.0" targetFramework="net45" />
  <package id="Microsoft.AspNet.WebApi.WebHost.zh-Hans" version="5.0.0" targetFramework="net45" />
  <package id="Microsoft.AspNet.WebPages" version="3.0.0" targetFramework="net45" />
  <package id="Microsoft.AspNet.WebPages.zh-Hans" version="3.0.0" targetFramework="net45" />
  <package id="Microsoft.Web.Infrastructure" version="1.0.0.0" targetFramework="net45" />
  <package id="Modernizr" version="2.6.2" targetFramework="net45" />
  <package id="Newtonsoft.Json" version="5.0.6" targetFramework="net45" />
  <package id="Respond" version="1.2.0" targetFramework="net45" />
  <package id="WebGrease" version="1.5.2" targetFramework="net45" />
</packages>

改为

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<packages>
<package id="Antlr" version="3.4.1.9004" targetFramework="net45" />
<package id="bootstrap" version="3.0.0" targetFramework="net45" />
<package id="jQuery" version="1.10.2" targetFramework="net45" />
<package id="Microsoft.AspNet.Mvc" version="5.2.4" targetFramework="net45" />
<package id="Microsoft.AspNet.Mvc.zh-Hans" version="5.2.4" targetFramework="net45" />
<package id="Microsoft.AspNet.Razor" version="3.2.4" targetFramework="net45" />
<package id="Microsoft.AspNet.Razor.zh-Hans" version="3.2.4" targetFramework="net45" />
<package id="Microsoft.AspNet.Web.Optimization" version="1.1.1" targetFramework="net45" />
<package id="Microsoft.AspNet.Web.Optimization.zh-Hans" version="1.1.1" targetFramework="net45" />
<package id="Microsoft.AspNet.WebApi" version="5.0.0" targetFramework="net45" />
<package id="Microsoft.AspNet.WebApi.Client" version="5.2.3" targetFramework="net45" />
<package id="Microsoft.AspNet.WebApi.Client.zh-Hans" version="5.2.3" targetFramework="net45" />
<package id="Microsoft.AspNet.WebApi.Core" version="5.2.3" targetFramework="net45" />
<package id="Microsoft.AspNet.WebApi.Core.zh-Hans" version="5.2.3" targetFramework="net45" />
<package id="Microsoft.AspNet.WebApi.HelpPage" version="5.0.0" targetFramework="net45" />
<package id="Microsoft.AspNet.WebApi.WebHost" version="5.2.3" targetFramework="net45" />
<package id="Microsoft.AspNet.WebApi.WebHost.zh-Hans" version="5.0.0" targetFramework="net45" />
<package id="Microsoft.AspNet.WebPages" vversion="3.2.4" targetFramework="net45" />
<package id="Microsoft.AspNet.WebPages.zh-Hans" version="3.2.4" targetFramework="net45" />
<package id="Microsoft.Web.Infrastructure" version="1.0.0.0" targetFramework="net45" />
<package id="Modernizr" version="2.6.2" targetFramework="net45" />
<package id="Newtonsoft.Json" version="6.0.8" targetFramework="net45" />
<package id="Respond" version="1.2.0" targetFramework="net45" />
<package id="WebGrease" version="1.5.2" targetFramework="net45" />
</packages>

如果还是不行在web项目的web.config 里面强制指定运行时 需要的mvc版本，如

<runtime>
    <assemblyBinding xmlns="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:asm.v1">
      <dependentAssembly>
        <assemblyIdentity name="System.Web.Mvc" publicKeyToken="31bf3856ad364e35" />
        <bindingRedirect oldVersion="0.0.0.0-5.2.3.0" newVersion="5.2.3.0" />
      </dependentAssembly>
    </assemblyBinding>
  </runtime>