在Linux中安装containerd作为kubernetes的容器运行时

概述

从kubernetes1.24开始的版本移除了内置的docker支持，用户可以自行选择需要使用的容器运行时，比如containerd、CRI-O、Docker Engine等等，这里我们采用二进制安装的方式使用containerd作为kubernetes的容器运行时

操作环境

操作系统

CentOS 7.9

containerd版本

v1.6.19

安装步骤

下载containerd、runc、cni-plugins

mkdir -p /workspace/containerd
cd /workspace/containerd
wget https://github.com/containerd/containerd/releases/download/v1.6.19/containerd-1.6.19-linux-amd64.tar.gz
wget https://github.com/containerd/nerdctl/releases/download/v1.2.1/nerdctl-1.2.1-linux-amd64.tar.gz
wget https://raw.githubusercontent.com/containerd/containerd/main/containerd.service
wget https://github.com/opencontainers/runc/releases/download/v1.1.4/runc.amd64
wget https://github.com/containernetworking/plugins/releases/download/v1.2.0/cni-plugins-linux-amd64-v1.2.0.tgz

解压安装上述软件

tar Cxzvf /usr/local containerd-1.6.19-linux-amd64.tar.gz
tar Cxzvvf /usr/local/bin nerdctl-1.2.1-linux-amd64.tar.gz
mkdir -p /usr/local/lib/systemd/system
cp containerd.service /usr/local/lib/systemd/system/containerd.service
systemctl daemon-reload
systemctl enable --now containerd
install -m 755 runc.amd64 /usr/local/sbin/runc
mkdir -p /opt/cni/bin
tar Cxzvf /opt/cni/bin cni-plugins-linux-amd64-v1.2.0.tgz

生成默认配置文件

mkdir -p /etc/containerd
containerd config default > /etc/containerd/config.toml

修改默认配置

编辑生成好的默认配置文件

vim /etc/containerd/config.toml

将配置文件中SystemdCgroup的值修改为true,即SystemdCgroup = true

如下所示

[ plugins."io.containerd.grpc.v1.cri".containerd.runtimes.runc.options ]
    SystemdCgroup = false

修改pause镜像源，将registry.k8s.io/pause:3.6修改为registry.aliyuncs.com/google_containers/pause:3.6

[plugins."io.containerd.grpc.v1.cri"]
  sandbox_image = "registry.aliyuncs.com/google_containers/pause:3.6"

重启containerd，安装就完成了

systemctl restart containerd

使用示例

拉取镜像到指定的命名空间

ctr -n k8s.io image pull registry.aliyuncs.com/google_containers/pause:3.6

重命名标签

ctr -n k8s.io i tag  registry.aliyuncs.com/google_containers/pause:3.6 registry.k8s.io/pause:3.6

查看所有命名空间

ctr namespaces ls

查看指定命名空间的镜像

ctr --n k8s.io image ls