winPcap_4_获取已安装设备的高级信息

由 pcap_findalldevs_ex() 返回的每一个 pcap_if 结构体，都包含一个 pcap_addr 结构体，这个结构体由如下元素组成：

• 一个地址列表
• 一个掩码列表 (each of which corresponds to an entry in the addresses list).
• 一个广播地址列表 (each of which corresponds to an entry in the addresses list).
• 一个目的地址列表 (each of which corresponds to an entry in the addresses list).

另外，函数 pcap_findalldevs_ex() 还能 返回远程适配器信息 和 一个位于所给的本地文件夹的pcap文件列表。

下面的范例使用了ifprint()函数来打印出 pcap_if 结构体中所有的内容。程序对每一个由 pcap_findalldevs_ex() 函数返回的pcap_if，都调用ifprint()函数来实现打印。

 #include "pcap.h"
 #pragma comment(lib, "wpcap.lib")
 #pragma comment(lib, "Packet.lib")
 #pragma comment(lib, "wsock32.lib")

 #ifndef WIN32
     #include <sys/socket.h>
     #include <netinet/in.h>
 #else
     #include <winsock.h>
 #endif

 // 函数原型
 void ifprint(pcap_if_t *d);
 char *iptos(u_long in);
 char* ip6tos(struct sockaddr *sockaddr, char *address, int addrlen);

 int main()
 {
   pcap_if_t *alldevs;
   pcap_if_t *d;
   char errbuf[PCAP_ERRBUF_SIZE+];
   char source[PCAP_ERRBUF_SIZE+];

   printf("Enter the device you want to list:\n"
             "rpcap://              ==> lists interfaces in the local machine\n"
             "rpcap://hostname:port ==> lists interfaces in a remote machine\n"
             "                          (rpcapd daemon must be up and running\n"
             "                           and it must accept 'null' authentication)\n"
             "file://foldername     ==> lists all pcap files in the give folder\n\n"
             "Enter your choice: ");

   fgets(source, PCAP_ERRBUF_SIZE, stdin);
   source[PCAP_ERRBUF_SIZE] = '\0';

   /* 获得接口列表 */
   if (pcap_findalldevs_ex(source, NULL, &alldevs, errbuf) == -)
   {
     fprintf(stderr,"Error in pcap_findalldevs: %s\n",errbuf);
     exit();
   }

   /* 扫描列表并打印每一项 */
   for(d=alldevs;d;d=d->next)
   {
     ifprint(d);
   }

   pcap_freealldevs(alldevs);

   return ;
 }

 /* 打印所有可用信息 */
 void ifprint(pcap_if_t *d)
 {
   pcap_addr_t *a;
   char ip6str[];

   /* 设备名(Name) */
   printf("%s\n",d->name);

   /* 设备描述(Description) */
   if (d->description)
     printf("\tDescription: %s\n",d->description);

   /* Loopback Address*/
   printf("\tLoopback: %s\n",(d->flags & PCAP_IF_LOOPBACK)?"yes":"no");

   /* IP addresses */
   for(a=d->addresses;a;a=a->next) {
     printf("\tAddress Family: #%d\n",a->addr->sa_family);

     switch(a->addr->sa_family)
     {
       case AF_INET:
         printf("\tAddress Family Name: AF_INET\n");
         if (a->addr)
           printf("\tAddress: %s\n",iptos(((struct sockaddr_in *)a->addr)->sin_addr.s_addr));
         if (a->netmask)
           printf("\tNetmask: %s\n",iptos(((struct sockaddr_in *)a->netmask)->sin_addr.s_addr));
         if (a->broadaddr)
           printf("\tBroadcast Address: %s\n",iptos(((struct sockaddr_in *)a->broadaddr)->sin_addr.s_addr));
         if (a->dstaddr)
           printf("\tDestination Address: %s\n",iptos(((struct sockaddr_in *)a->dstaddr)->sin_addr.s_addr));
         break;
 /*
       case AF_INET6:
         printf("\tAddress Family Name: AF_INET6\n");
         if (a->addr)
           printf("\tAddress: %s\n", ip6tos(a->addr, ip6str, sizeof(ip6str)));
        break;
 */
       default:
         printf("\tAddress Family Name: Unknown\n");
         break;
     }
   }
   printf("\n");
 }

 /* 将数字类型的IP地址转换成字符串类型的 */
 #define IPTOSBUFFERS    12
 char *iptos(u_long in)
 {
     static char output[IPTOSBUFFERS][*++];
     static short which;
     u_char *p;

     p = (u_char *)&in;
     which = (which +  == IPTOSBUFFERS ?  : which + );
     sprintf(output[which], "%d.%d.%d.%d", p[], p[], p[], p[]);
     return output[which];
 }

 /*
 char* ip6tos(struct sockaddr *sockaddr, char *address, int addrlen)
 {
     socklen_t sockaddrlen;

     #ifdef WIN32
     sockaddrlen = sizeof(struct sockaddr_in6);
     #else
     sockaddrlen = sizeof(struct sockaddr_storage);
     #endif

     if(getnameinfo(sockaddr,
         sockaddrlen,
         address,
         addrlen,
         NULL,
         0,
         NI_NUMERICHOST) != 0) address = NULL;

     return address;
 }
 */

获取已安装设备的高级信息.c

　　结果：

此处只能显示电脑的ipv4的网卡信息，不知道为什么不能有ipv6的代码时，不能编译通过，不知道是包不支持，还是系统不支持；

int pcap_findalldevs_ex  ( char *  source,
  struct pcap_rmtauth *  auth,
  pcap_if_t **  alldevs,
  char *  errbuf
 ) 

　　·该函数请查看前一篇；

struct pcap_rmtauth{
　　int    type
     //Type of the authentication required.
　　char *    username
     //Zero-terminated string containing the username that has to be used on the remote machine for authentication.
　　char *    password
     //Zero-terminated string containing the password that has to be used on the remote machine for authentication.
};

typedef struct pcap_if pcap_if_t;

struct  pcap_if {
    pcap_if *    next
    //if not NULL, a pointer to the next element in the list; NULL for the last element of the list
    char *    name
    //a pointer to a string giving a name for the device to pass to pcap_open_live()
    char *    description
    //if not NULL, a pointer to a string giving a human-readable description of the device
    pcap_addr *    addresses
    //a pointer to the first element of a list of addresses for the interface
    u_int    flags
    //PCAP_IF_ interface flags. Currently the only possible flag is PCAP_IF_LOOPBACK, that is set if the interface is a loopback interface.
};

typedef struct pcap_addr pcap_addr_t;

struct  pcap_addr
{
    pcap_addr *    next
    //if not NULL, a pointer to the next element in the list; NULL for the last element of the list
    sockaddr *    addr
    //a pointer to a struct sockaddr containing an address
    sockaddr *    netmask
    //if not NULL, a pointer to a struct sockaddr that contains the netmask corresponding to the address pointed to by addr.
    sockaddr *    broadaddr
    //if not NULL, a pointer to a struct sockaddr that contains the broadcast address corre­ sponding to the address pointed to by addr; may be null if the interface doesn't support broadcasts
    sockaddr *    dstaddr
    //if not NULL, a pointer to a struct sockaddr that contains the destination address corre­ sponding to the address pointed to by addr; may be null if the interface isn't a point- to-point interface
};

struct sockaddr {
    unsigned short sa_family;
    char           sa_data[];
};

　　·详细的请看前面的socket编程；

struct sockaddr_in{
    short                 sin_family;
    unsigned short        sin_port;
    struct   in_addr      sin_addr;
    char                  sin_zero[];
};

in_addr

The in_addr structure represents a host by its Internet address.

struct in_addr {
  union {
          struct { u_char s_b1,s_b2,s_b3,s_b4; }   S_un_b;
          struct { u_short s_w1,s_w2; }            S_un_w;
          u_long                                   S_addr;
  } S_un;
};

Members

S_un_b

Address of the host formatted as four u_chars.

S_un_w

Address of the host formatted as two u_shorts.

S_addr

Address of the host formatted as a u_long. 

fgets, fgetws

Get a string from a stream.

char *fgets( char *string, int n, FILE *stream );

wchar_t *fgetws( wchar_t *string, int n, FILE *stream );