利用Nginx搭建http和rtmp协议的流媒体服务器[转]

利用nginx搭建http和rtmp协议的流媒体服务器

实验目的:让Nginx支持flv和mp4格式文件，同时支持Rtmp协议；同时打开rtmp的hls功能
资料:
HTTPLive Streaming（缩写是HLS）是一个由苹果公司提出的基于HTTP的流媒体网络传输协议。
HLS只请求基本的HTTP报文，与实时传输协议（RTP)不同，HLS可以穿过任何允许HTTP数据通过的防火墙或者代理服务器。它也很容易使用内容分发网络来传输媒体流。
使用ffmpeg来完成对flv、mp4、mp3等格式的转化（点播实验暂时不测试）

一、准备工作
模块:nginx_mod_h264_streaming(支持h264编码的视频)
模块:http_flv_module支持flv
模块:http_mp4_module支持mp4
下载地址:
http://h264.code-shop.com/download/nginx_mod_h264_streaming-2.2.7.tar.gz
http://nginx.org
https://github.com/arut/nginx-rtmp-module

1、安装依赖包:
#yum-y install gcc glibc glibc-devel make nasm pkgconfig lib-devel openssl-develexpat-devel gettext-devel libtool mhash.x86_64perl-Digest-SHA1.x86_64

2、安装git工具:
#mkdirsoft-source
#cdsoft-source
#wgethttp://www.codemonkey.org.uk/projects/git-snapshots/git/git-latest.tar.gz
#tarxzvf git-latest.tar.gz
#cdgit-2013-02-04
#autoconf
#./configure
#make&& make install
# git--version
gitversion 1.8.1.GIT
#cd ..

3、安装ffmpeg及其依赖包：
++++++++Yasm+++++++++++
#wgethttp://www.tortall.net/projects/yasm/releases/yasm-1.2.0.tar.gz
#tarxzvf yasm-1.2.0.tar.gz
#cdyasm-1.2.0
#./configure
#make
#makeinstall
#cd ..
++++++++x264+++++++++++
#gitclone git://git.videolan.org/x264
#cdx264
#./configure--enable-shared
#make
#makeinstall
#cd ..
++++++++LAME+++++++++++
#wgethttp://downloads.sourceforge.net/project/lame/lame/3.99/lame-3.99.5.tar.gz
#tarxzvf lame-3.99.5.tar.gz
#cdlame-3.99.5
#./configure--enable-nasm
#make
#makeinstall
#cd ..
++++++++libogg+++++++++++
#wgethttp://downloads.xiph.org/releases/ogg/libogg-1.3.0.tar.gz
#tarxzvf libogg-1.3.0.tar.gz
#cdlibogg-1.3.0
#./configure
#make
#makeinstall
#cd ..
++++++++libvorbis+++++++++++
#wgethttp://downloads.xiph.org/releases/vorbis/libvorbis-1.3.3.tar.gz
#tarxzvf libvorbis-1.3.3.tar.gz
#cdlibvorbis-1.3.3
#./configure
#make
#makeinstall
#cd ..
++++++++libvpx+++++++++++
#gitclone http://git.chromium.org/webm/libvpx.git
#cdlibvpx
#./configure --enable-shared
#make
#makeinstall
#cd ..
++++++++FAAD2+++++++++++
#wgethttp://downloads.sourceforge.net/project/faac/faad2-src/faad2-2.7/faad2-2.7.tar.gz
#tarzxvf faad2-2.7.tar.gz
#cdfaad2-2.7
#./configure
#make
#makeinstall
#cd ..
++++++++FAAC+++++++++++
#wgethttp://downloads.sourceforge.net/project/faac/faac-src/faac-1.28/faac-1.28.tar.gz
#tarzxvf faac-1.28.tar.gz
#cdfaac-1.28
#./configure
#make
#makeinstall
#cd ..

编译FAAC-1.28时遇到错误：

mpeg4ip.h:126:error:new declaration ‘char*strcasestr(const char*, const char*)’

解决方法：

从123行开始修改此文件mpeg4ip.h，到129行结束。
修改前：
#ifdef __cplusplus
extern "C" {
#endif
char *strcasestr(const char *haystack, const char *needle);
#ifdef __cplusplus
}
#endif

修改后：
#ifdef __cplusplus
extern "C++" {
#endif
constchar *strcasestr(const char*haystack, const char *needle);
#ifdef __cplusplus
}
#endif

++++++++Xvid+++++++++++
#wgethttp://downloads.xvid.org/downloads/xvidcore-1.3.2.tar.gz
#tarzxvf xvidcore-1.3.2.tar.gz
#cdxvidcore/build/generic
#./configure
#make
#makeinstall
cd ..
#gitclone git://source.ffmpeg.org/ffmpeg
#cdffmpeg
#./configure --prefix=/opt/ffmpeg/ --enable-version3  --enable-libvpx --enable-libfaac--enable-libmp3lame  --enable-libvorbis --enable-libx264 --enable-libxvid--enable-shared --enable-gpl --enable-postproc --enable-nonfree --enable-avfilter --enable-pthreads
#make&& make install
#cd ..

修改/etc/ld.so.conf如下:
includeld.so.conf.d/*.conf
/lib
/lib64
/usr/lib
/usr/lib64
/usr/local/lib
/usr/local/lib64
/opt/ffmpeg/lib
#ldconfig

由于暂时没有找到合适版本rtmpmodel ,所以,这里只是做了flv和MP4的，红色部分暂时不用添加
二、安装Nginx相关模块
#tarzxvf nginx_mod_h264_streaming-2.2.7.tar.gz
#gitclone git://github.com/arut/nginx-rtmp-module.git
#tarzxvf pcre-8.12.tar.gz
#cdpcre-8.12
#./configure
#make&& make install
#tarzxvf nginx-1.2.6.tar.gz
#cdnginx-1.2.6
#./configure--prefix=/usr/local/nginx  --add-module=../nginx_mod_h264_streaming-2.2.7--with-http_flv_module --with-http_gzip_static_module--with-http_stub_status_module --with-http_mp4_module --add-module=../nginx-rtmp-module--add-module=../nginx-rtmp-module/hls --with-cc-opt=-I/opt/ffmpeg/include--with-ld-opt='-L/opt/ffmpeg/lib -Wl,-rpath=/opt/ffmpeg/lib'
#make&& make install
三、修改nginx主配置文件,配置虚拟主机(这里我们暂时只配置和测试点播，直播请看借鉴地址):
user nobody nobody;
worker_processes4;
error_log logs/nginx_error.log  info;
pid       logs/nginx.pid;
worker_rlimit_nofile51200;
events
  {
      use epoll;
      worker_connections 51200;
  }

http
  {
      include       mime.types;
      default_type  application/octet-stream;
      server_names_hash_bucket_size 128;
      client_header_buffer_size 32k;
      large_client_header_buffers 4 32k;
      client_max_body_size 50m ;
      limit_conn_zone $binary_remote_addr zone=perip:256k;
      limit_conn_log_level notice;
      sendfile on;
      tcp_nopush     on;
      keepalive_timeout 6000;#测试并发临时调大
      tcp_nodelay on;
      gzip on;
      gzip_min_length  1k;
      gzip_buffers     4 16k;
      gzip_http_version 1.0;
      gzip_comp_level 2;
      gzip_types       text/plainapplication/x-javascript text/css application/xml;
      gzip_vary on;
      #log format
      log_format  main  '$remote_addr - $remote_user[$time_local] "$request" '
           '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
           '"$http_user_agent" $http_x_forwarded_for';

#支持flv
server
      {
          listen       80 ;
          server_name 192.168.0.33;

root index.html

limit_rate_after5m;  

limit_rate512k;

location ~ \.flv$ {

root  /media/nginx;   -视频存放地点
                  flv;

}
          location ~ \.mp4$ {

root /media/nginx;
                  flv;
                              }
          access_log logs/nginxflv_access.log  main;
}

下载并安装yamdi

[root@flv ~]# wgethttp://cdnetworks-kr-2.dl.sourceforge.net/ \

>project/yamdi/yamdi/1.8/yamdi-1.8.tar.gz

[root@flv ~]# tar -zxvf yamdi-1.8.tar.gz

yamdi-1.8

yamdi-1.8/CHANGES

yamdi-1.8/LICENSE

yamdi-1.8/Makefile

yamdi-1.8/Makefile.mingw32

yamdi-1.8/README

yamdi-1.8/man1

yamdi-1.8/yamdi.c

yamdi-1.8/man1/yamdi.1

[root@ flv ~]# cd yamdi-1.8

[root@ flv yamdi-1.8]# make

gcc -O2 -Wall yamdi.c -o yamdi

[root@ flv yamdi-1.8]# make install

install -m 0755 -o root yamdi/usr/local/bin

使用yamdi

这里我们准备个文件，以便后面使用：

[root@flv  html]# yamdi -i 62664.flv -o 7345.flv

简单的说一下，-i表示输入文件，在这里输入文件为62664.flv，即它是没有添加过关键帧的文件；-o表示输出文件，在这里是7345.flv，它是添加过关键帧的，在对这两文件的访问中会发现，播放62664.flv是不能实现拖动操作的，而7345.flv则可以。

下载并设置JW player

JW player是一个开源的FLV播放器，它现在也支持MP4。

[root@flv ~]# wget  http://www.longtailvideo.com/jw/upload/mediaplayer-viral.zip

[root@flv ~]# unzip mediaplayer-viral.zip

Archive:  mediaplayer-viral.zip

creating: mediaplayer-5.7-viral/

inflating: mediaplayer-5.7-viral/JW  Player Quick Start Guide.pdf

inflating: mediaplayer-5.7-viral/jwplayer.js

inflating:  mediaplayer-5.7-viral/license.txt

inflating: mediaplayer-5.7-viral/player.swf

inflating:  mediaplayer-5.7-viral/preview.jpg

inflating:  mediaplayer-5.7-viral/readme.html

inflating:  mediaplayer-5.7-viral/swfobject.js

inflating: mediaplayer-5.7-viral/video.mp4

注意点

注意在解压包中，player.swf和jwplayer.js是我们需要的文件，将其拷贝到Nginx的web目录下：

[root@flv ~]#cd mediaplayer-5.7-viral/

[root@mail mediaplayer-5.7-viral]# cp jwplayer.js  player.swf  /usr/local/nginx-1.0.2-flv/html/

到现在为止，FLV服务器已经架设完毕。

我们访问测试一下看：

访问方法：

http://flv.xx.com/player.swf?type=http&file=7345.flv

↑访问协议 ↑FLV服务器地址 ↑播放器名称↑http分发方式↑访问的文件名

---------------------------------------------------------

实验目的:让Nginx支持flv和mp4格式文件，同时支持Rtmp协议；同时打开rtmp的hls功能
资料:
HTTP Live Streaming（缩写是 HLS）是一个由苹果公司提出的基于HTTP的流媒体 网络传输协议。
HLS只请求基本的HTTP报文，与实时传输协议（RTP)不同，HLS可以穿过任何允许HTTP数据通过的防火墙或者代理服务器。它也很容易使用内容分发网络来传输媒体流。
使用ffmpeg来完成对flv、mp4、mp3等格式的转化（点播实验暂时不测试）

一、准备工作
模块:nginx_mod_h264_streaming(支持h264编码的视频)
模块:http_flv_module 支持flv
模块:http_mp4_module 支持mp4
下载地址:
http://h264.code-shop.com/download/nginx_mod_h264_streaming-2.2.7.tar.gz
http://nginx.org
https://github.com/arut/nginx-rtmp-module

1、安装依赖包:
#yum -y install gcc glibc glibc-devel make nasm pkgconfig lib-devel openssl-devel expat-devel gettext-devel libtool mhash.x86_64 perl-Digest-SHA1.x86_64

2、安装git工具:
#mkdir soft-source
#cd soft-source
#wget http://www.codemonkey.org.uk/projects/git-snapshots/git/git-latest.tar.gz
#tar xzvf git-latest.tar.gz 
#cd git-2013-02-04
#autoconf
#./configure
#make && make install
# git --version
git version 1.8.1.GIT
#cd ..

3、安装ffmpeg及其依赖包：
++++++++Yasm+++++++++++
#wget http://www.tortall.net/projects/yasm/releases/yasm-1.2.0.tar.gz
#tar xzvf yasm-1.2.0.tar.gz
#cd yasm-1.2.0
#./configure
#make
#make install
#cd ..
++++++++x264+++++++++++
#git clone git://git.videolan.org/x264
#cd x264
#./configure --enable-shared 
#make
#make install
#cd ..
++++++++LAME+++++++++++
#wget http://downloads.sourceforge.net/project/lame/lame/3.99/lame-3.99.5.tar.gz
#tar xzvf lame-3.99.5.tar.gz
#cd lame-3.99.5
#./configure --enable-nasm
#make
#make install
#cd ..
++++++++libogg+++++++++++
#wget http://downloads.xiph.org/releases/ogg/libogg-1.3.0.tar.gz
#tar xzvf libogg-1.3.0.tar.gz
#cd libogg-1.3.0
#./configure
#make
#make install
#cd ..
++++++++libvorbis+++++++++++
#wget http://downloads.xiph.org/releases/vorbis/libvorbis-1.3.3.tar.gz
#tar xzvf libvorbis-1.3.3.tar.gz
#cd libvorbis-1.3.3
#./configure
#make
#make install
#cd ..
++++++++libvpx+++++++++++
#git clone http://git.chromium.org/webm/libvpx.git
#cd libvpx
#./configure  --enable-shared
#make
#make install
#cd ..
++++++++FAAD2+++++++++++
#wget http://downloads.sourceforge.net/project/faac/faad2-src/faad2-2.7/faad2-2.7.tar.gz
#tar zxvf faad2-2.7.tar.gz
#cd faad2-2.7
#./configure
#make
#make install
#cd ..
++++++++FAAC+++++++++++
#wget http://downloads.sourceforge.net/project/faac/faac-src/faac-1.28/faac-1.28.tar.gz
#tar zxvf faac-1.28.tar.gz
#cd faac-1.28
#./configure
#make
#make install
#cd ..
++++++++Xvid+++++++++++
#wget http://downloads.xvid.org/downloads/xvidcore-1.3.2.tar.gz
#tar zxvf xvidcore-1.3.2.tar.gz
#cd xvidcore/build/generic
#./configure
#make
#make install
cd ..
#git clone git://source.ffmpeg.org/ffmpeg
#cd ffmpeg
#./configure  --prefix=/opt/ffmpeg/ --enable-version3  --enable-libvpx --enable-libfaac --enable-libmp3lame  --enable-libvorbis --enable-libx264 --enable-libxvid --enable-shared --enable-gpl --enable-postproc --enable-nonfree  --enable-avfilter --enable-pthreads
#make && make install
#cd ..

修改/etc/ld.so.conf如下:
include ld.so.conf.d/*.conf
/lib
/lib64
/usr/lib
/usr/lib64
/usr/local/lib
/usr/local/lib64
/opt/ffmpeg/lib
#ldconfig
二、安装Nginx相关模块
#tar zxvf nginx_mod_h264_streaming-2.2.7.tar.gz
#git clone git://github.com/arut/nginx-rtmp-module.git
#tar zxvf pcre-8.12.tar.gz
#cd pcre-8.12
#./configure
#make && make install
#tar zxvf nginx-1.2.6.tar.gz
#cd nginx-1.2.6
#./configure --prefix=/usr/local/nginx  --add-module=../nginx_mod_h264_streaming-2.2.7 --with-http_flv_module --with-http_gzip_static_module --with-http_stub_status_module --with-http_mp4_module --add-module=../nginx-rtmp-module --add-module=../nginx-rtmp-module/hls --with-cc-opt=-I/opt/ffmpeg/include --with-ld-opt='-L/opt/ffmpeg/lib -Wl,-rpath=/opt/ffmpeg/lib'
#make && make install
三、修改nginx主配置文件,配置虚拟主机(这里我们暂时只配置和测试点播，直播请看借鉴地址):
user  nobody nobody;
worker_processes 4;
error_log  logs/nginx_error.log  info;
pid        logs/nginx.pid;
worker_rlimit_nofile 51200;
events
    {
        use epoll;
        worker_connections 51200;
    }
#rtmp_auto_push on;
rtmp {
    server {
    listen 1935;
    application vod {
            play /opt/media/nginxrtmp/flv;
    }
    }
}
http
    {
        include       mime.types;
        default_type  application/octet-stream;
        server_names_hash_bucket_size 128;
        client_header_buffer_size 32k;
        large_client_header_buffers 4 32k;
        client_max_body_size 50m ;
        limit_conn_zone $binary_remote_addr zone=perip:256k;
        limit_conn_log_level notice;
        sendfile on;
        tcp_nopush     on;
        keepalive_timeout 6000;#测试并发临时调大
        tcp_nodelay on;
        gzip on;
        gzip_min_length  1k;
        gzip_buffers     4 16k;
        gzip_http_version 1.0;
        gzip_comp_level 2;
        gzip_types       text/plain application/x-javascript text/css application/xml;
        gzip_vary on;
        #log format
        log_format  main  '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '
             '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
             '"$http_user_agent" $http_x_forwarded_for';

#支持flv
server
        {
            listen       8081;
            server_name 192.168.0.33;
            root /opt/pub/media/nginx; #http协议时候，flv视频位置
            location ~ .*.(flv|swf|mp4|wma|wmv)$ {
                    valid_referers none blocked *.xxxx.com http://localhost;
                    if ($invalid_referer) {
                    return 403;
                    }
            }
            location ~ \.flv$ {
                    flv;
                    limit_conn one 20;#限制客户端并发连接数
                    limit_rate 200k;#限制每客户端最大带宽
            }
            location ~ \.mp4$ {
                    flv;
                    limit_conn one 20;
                    limit_rate 200k;
            }
            access_log  logs/nginxflv_access.log  main;
}

server
        {
            listen       8082;
            server_name 192.168.0.33;
            index index.html;
            location / {
                root /opt/pub/media/nginx-rtmp;
            }
            access_log  logs/nginxrtmpflv_access.log  main;
        }

server {
        listen      8080;
        location /stat {
            rtmp_stat all;
            rtmp_stat_stylesheet stat.xsl;
        }
        location /stat.xsl {
            root /opt/pub/soft/nginx-rtmp-module;
        }
        location / {
            root /opt/pub/soft/nginx-rtmp-module/test/rtmp-publisher;
        }
    }

http://192.168.0.33:8080/stats 查看rtmp客户请求信息
http://192.168.0.33:8081/index.html 查看nginx http协议时候的flv视频
http://192.168.0.33:8082/index.html  查看nginx rtmp协议时候的flv视频

四、基本功能测试:
播放器采用开源播放器jwplayer，将播放器放到index.html同级目录下
NGINX-Http测试页面index.html(切记http的时候需要给视频添加关键帧)
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" />
<title>test of nginx-http</title>
</head>
<body>
<div id="myElement"></div>
<object id="FlashID" classid="clsid:D27CDB6E-AE6D-11cf-96B8-444553540000" width="480" height="360">
  <param name="movie" value="player.swf" />
  <param name="quality" value="high" />
  <param name="wmode" value="opaque" />
  <param name="swfversion" value="6.0.65.0" />
  <param name="flashvars" value="type=http&file=http://192.168.0.33:8081/2.flv&autostart=true">
  <EMBED SRC=\'#\'" WIDTH="480" HEIGHT="360" QUALITY="high" PLUGINSPAGE="http://www.macromedia.com/shockwave/download/i
ndex.cgi?P1_Prod_Version=ShockwaveFlash" flashvars="type=http&file=http://192.168.0.33:8081/2.flv&autostart=true" wmode="opaq
ue" /> 
</object>
</body>
</html>
NGINX-RTMP测试页面index.html

<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" />
<title>nginx-rtmp</title>
</head>

<body>
<div id="myElement"></div>
<object id="FlashID" classid="clsid:D27CDB6E-AE6D-11cf-96B8-444553540000" width="480" height="360">
  <param name="movie" value="player.swf" />
  <param name="quality" value="high" />
  <param name="wmode" value="opaque" />
  <param name="swfversion" value="6.0.65.0" />
  <param name="flashvars" value="streamer=rtmp://192.168.0.33:1935/vod&file=2.flv&autostart=true">
  <EMBED SRC=\'#\'" WIDTH="480" HEIGHT="360" QUALITY="high" PLUGINSPAGE="http://www.macromedia.com/shockwave/download/i
ndex.cgi?P1_Prod_Version=ShockwaveFlash" flashvars="streamer=rtmp://192.168.0.33:1935/vod&file=2.flv&autostart=true" wmode="o
paque" /> 
</object>
</body>
</html>

页面能打开正常播放就说明配置是正确的。

五、并发测试
NGINX-HTTP采用loadrunner测试（略）
NGINX-RTMP采用开源软件flazr测试:
前提需要安装jdk软件
client.bat rtmp://192.168.0.33:1935/vod/2.flv -load 500
这里的500是并发数

由于局域网的限制，带宽测试到一定大小的时候就上不去了，故此步截图不忽略。

借鉴地址:
https://github.com/arut/nginx-rtmp-module/wiki/Examples
http://blog.sina.com.cn/s/blog_438308750100ez27.html
http://space.itpub.net/27043155/viewspace-735288
http://riches.blog.51cto.com/1167414/649598
https://github.com/arut/nginx-rtmp-module
http://www.yeeach.com