linux下使用selenium

安装chromedriver

1、安装chrome

用下面的命令安装最新的 Google Chrome

yum install https://dl.google.com/linux/direct/google-chrome-stable_current_x86_64.rpm
也可以下载到本地再安装

wget https://dl.google.com/linux/direct/google-chrome-stable_current_x86_64.rpm

yum install ./google-chrome-stable_current_x86_64.rpm

 

安装必要的库

yum install mesa-libOSMesa-devel gnu-free-sans-fonts wqy-zenhei-fonts

2、安装 chromedriver

查看谷歌浏览器版本

(base) [root@brady ~]# google-chrome --version                                  
Google Chrome 78.0.3904.108

　　

chrome官网 wget https://chromedriver.storage.googleapis.com/2.38/chromedriver_linux64.zip
淘宝源（推荐）wget http://npm.taobao.org/mirrors/chromedriver/2.41/chromedriver_linux64.zip

 

将下载的文件解压，放在如下位置

unzip chromedriver_linux64.zip

/usr/bin/chromedriver

给予执行权限

chmod +x /usr/bin/chromedriver

还可以参考这篇文章，虽然没试过，但感觉很牛逼 

 https://intoli.com/blog/installing-google-chrome-on-centos/

解决selenium报错--unknown error: DevToolsActivePort file doesn't exist

 

早上在linux下用selenium启动Chrome时出现问题：
报错：

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "get2.py", line 62, in <module>
    browser = webdriver.Chrome()
  File "/root/.pyenv/versions/anaconda3-5.1.0/lib/python3.6/site-packages/selenium/webdriver/chrome/webdriver.py", line 75, in __init__
    desired_capabilities=desired_capabilities)
  File "/root/.pyenv/versions/anaconda3-5.1.0/lib/python3.6/site-packages/selenium/webdriver/remote/webdriver.py", line 154, in __init__
    self.start_session(desired_capabilities, browser_profile)
  File "/root/.pyenv/versions/anaconda3-5.1.0/lib/python3.6/site-packages/selenium/webdriver/remote/webdriver.py", line 243, in start_session
    response = self.execute(Command.NEW_SESSION, parameters)
  File "/root/.pyenv/versions/anaconda3-5.1.0/lib/python3.6/site-packages/selenium/webdriver/remote/webdriver.py", line 311, in execute
    self.error_handler.check_response(response)
  File "/root/.pyenv/versions/anaconda3-5.1.0/lib/python3.6/site-packages/selenium/webdriver/remote/errorhandler.py", line 237, in check_response
    raise exception_class(message, screen, stacktrace)
selenium.common.exceptions.WebDriverException: Message: unknown error: Chrome failed to start: exited abnormally
  (unknown error: DevToolsActivePort file doesn't exist)
  (The process started from chrome location /usr/bin/google-chrome is no longer running, so ChromeDriver is assuming that Chrome has crashed.)
  (Driver info: chromedriver=2.43.600233 (523efee95e3d68b8719b3a1c83051aa63aa6b10d),platform=Linux 4.9.0-6-amd64 x86_64)

解决方案：
加上代码：

from selenium.webdriver.chrome.options import Options
chrome_options = Options()
chrome_options.add_argument('--no-sandbox')
chrome_options.add_argument('--disable-dev-shm-usage')
chrome_options.add_argument('--headless')
browser = webdriver.Chrome(chrome_options=chrome_options)

其中
“–no-sandbox”参数是让Chrome在root权限下跑
“–headless”参数是不用打开图形界面
可以额外加这些参数获得更好体验

chrome_options.add_argument('blink-settings=imagesEnabled=false')
chrome_options.add_argument('--disable-gpu')