在系统下文件上传报错：The temporary upload location [/tmp/tomcat.xxx/work/Tomcat/localhost/ROOT] is not valid

线上的系统中长时间不访问时不能上传文件了，出现如下错误：

2019-03-11 23:37:42.741 ERROR 66505 --- [nio-8081-exec-3] o.a.c.c.C.[.[.[/].[dispatcherServlet]    : Servlet.service() for servlet [dispatcherServlet] in context with path [] threw exception [Request processing failed; nested exception is org.springframework.web.multipart.MultipartException: Could not parse multipart servlet request; nested exception is java.io.IOException: The temporary upload location [/tmp/tomcat.7022693449562798625.8081/work/Tomcat/localhost/ROOT] is not valid] with root cause

java.io.IOException: The temporary upload location [/tmp/tomcat.7022693449562798625.8081/work/Tomcat/localhost/ROOT] is not valid
        at org.apache.catalina.connector.Request.parseParts(Request.java:2859) ~[tomcat-embed-core-8.5.32.jar!/:8.5.32]
        at org.apache.catalina.connector.Request.parseParameters(Request.java:3232) ~[tomcat-embed-core-8.5.32.jar!/:8.5.32]
        at org.apache.catalina.connector.Request.getParameter(Request.java:1137) ~[tomcat-embed-core-8.5.32.jar!/:8.5.32]
        at org.apache.catalina.connector.RequestFacade.getParameter(RequestFacade.java:381) ~[tomcat-embed-core-8.5.32.jar!/:8.5.32]
        at org.springframework.web.filter.HiddenHttpMethodFilter.doFilterInternal(HiddenHttpMethodFilter.java:84) ~[spring-web-4.3.18.RELEASE.jar!/:4.3.18.RELEASE]
        at org.springframework.web.filter.OncePerRequestFilter.doFilter(OncePerRequestFilter.java:107) ~[spring-web-4.3.18.RELEASE.jar!/:4.3.18.RELEASE]
        at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:193) ~[tomcat-embed-core-8.5.32.jar!/:8.5.32]
        at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:166) ~[tomcat-embed-core-8.5.32.jar!/:8.5.32]
        at org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter.doFilterInternal(CharacterEncodingFilter.java:197) ~[spring-web-4.3.18.RELEASE.jar!/:4.3.18.RELEASE]
        at org.springframework.web.filter.OncePerRequestFilter.doFilter(OncePerRequestFilter.java:107) ~[spring-web-4.3.18.RELEASE.jar!/:4.3.18.RELEASE]
        at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:193) ~[tomcat-embed-core-8.5.32.jar!/:8.5.32]
        at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:166) ~[tomcat-embed-core-8.5.32.jar!/:8.5.32]
        at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardWrapperValve.invoke(StandardWrapperValve.java:198) ~[tomcat-embed-core-8.5.32.jar!/:8.5.32]
        at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContextValve.invoke(StandardContextValve.java:96) [tomcat-embed-core-8.5.32.jar!/:8.5.32]
        at org.apache.catalina.authenticator.AuthenticatorBase.invoke(AuthenticatorBase.java:493) [tomcat-embed-core-8.5.32.jar!/:8.5.32]
        at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardHostValve.invoke(StandardHostValve.java:140) [tomcat-embed-core-8.5.32.jar!/:8.5.32]
        at org.apache.catalina.valves.ErrorReportValve.invoke(ErrorReportValve.java:81) [tomcat-embed-core-8.5.32.jar!/:8.5.32]
        at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardEngineValve.invoke(StandardEngineValve.java:87) [tomcat-embed-core-8.5.32.jar!/:8.5.32]
        at org.apache.catalina.connector.CoyoteAdapter.service(CoyoteAdapter.java:342) [tomcat-embed-core-8.5.32.jar!/:8.5.32]
        at org.apache.coyote.http11.Http11Processor.service(Http11Processor.java:800) [tomcat-embed-core-8.5.32.jar!/:8.5.32]
        at org.apache.coyote.AbstractProcessorLight.process(AbstractProcessorLight.java:66) [tomcat-embed-core-8.5.32.jar!/:8.5.32]
        at org.apache.coyote.AbstractProtocol$ConnectionHandler.process(AbstractProtocol.java:800) [tomcat-embed-core-8.5.32.jar!/:8.5.32]
        at org.apache.tomcat.util.net.NioEndpoint$SocketProcessor.doRun(NioEndpoint.java:1471) [tomcat-embed-core-8.5.32.jar!/:8.5.32]
        at org.apache.tomcat.util.net.SocketProcessorBase.run(SocketProcessorBase.java:49) [tomcat-embed-core-8.5.32.jar!/:8.5.32]
        at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor.runWorker(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:1149) [na:1.8.0_191]
        at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:624) [na:1.8.0_191]
        at org.apache.tomcat.util.threads.TaskThread$WrappingRunnable.run(TaskThread.java:61) [tomcat-embed-core-8.5.32.jar!/:8.5.32]
        at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:748) [na:1.8.0_191]

原因：

在linux系统中，springboot应用服务再启动（java -jar 命令启动服务）的时候，会在操作系统的/tmp目录下生成一个tomcat*的文件目录，上传的文件先要转换成临时文件保存在这个文件夹下面。由于临时/tmp目录下的文件，在长时间（10天）没有使用的情况下，就会被系统机制自动删除掉。所以如果系统长时间无人问津的话，就可能导致上面这个问题。

临时解决方法：

手动在/tmp下创建相应得文件夹

解决办法：

在 yml配置文件 中添加：

server.tomcat.basedir: /data/apps/temp  

手动的将临时文件夹设置为自定义的文件夹，就不会被Linux删除了。

方法二：

添加启动参数 -java.tmp.dir=/data/apps/temp       启动

例：

nohup java -jar filemanage.jar -java.tmp.dir=/data/temp &